Techniques for free-form painting on fabric with acrylic and other paints and drawing using stencils. Fabric painting: creating masterpieces Stenciling

The first thing you need to determine is the style in which you want to decorate your apartment.

Walls covered with fabric, doors and windows imitating sliding Japanese fusuma partitions will help give an ordinary city apartment the atmosphere of the land of the rising sun.

Lightly printed curtains, patchwork bedspreads, pillows, rugs and large lampshades will remind you of warm summer days in a country house.

Skillfully selected drapery of the walls, upholstery of furniture with fabrics of different textures and patterns in the living room and bedroom, varied design of windows and doors - all this will allow you to recreate the features of antiquity, empire, baroque, modern and other styles.

To choose the right fabric for painting, you must be guided by the type of the future product. For lampshades, oriental-style chandeliers, and curtains, thin, translucent fabric is suitable, while bed linen, bedspreads, decorative pillows, curtains, furniture and wall upholstery require denser material.

Of great importance when choosing paint for painting is the original color of the material and what kind of weave of threads was used in the manufacture of the fabric: plain, twill, knitted, jacquard or brocade. Before you begin, check on a small test patch how the paint absorbs and spreads on the fabric you have chosen. This way you can choose the optimal painting technique and design for your product.

IMPORTANT! Before use, the fabric must be washed using detergents to remove the sizing agent (a substance used in the final finishing of fabrics in factories). This is necessary for better dyeing of the fabric. You should not pre-soak the fabric with washing powder, as it usually has a bleaching effect.

Securing the fabric to the frame

Before stretching the fabric, cover the frame with tape. Then attach the fabric to the loose frame on opposite sides

To avoid grooves, pins on opposite edges of the fabric should be offset from each other.

Then spread the frame, tensioning the fabric, and secure with bolts

After this, attach the two remaining sides of the fabric

Selection of equipment

The dry fabric is tied tightly with rope or thread. Buttons can be placed inside the knots After coloring, stylized images of flowers are obtained

There are many techniques for hand-painting fabric, each of which has its own specifics. If you decide to try your hand at this art for the first time, we recommend starting with the most ancient and simplest method. It has many names: band-khni, tritik, planks, and the most common is knot technique. Despite all the beauty and unusualness of the resulting effects, the technique of execution is very simple. Before dyeing, certain places on dry fabric are tightly tied with thin rope, cord, ribbon, or simply tied in a knot. When painting these areas, the original background color is preserved. The pattern depends on the tying system: you can get circles, circles, vertical or horizontal stripes, and their combinations. The fabric can be tied in such a way that, after dyeing, the loose knots turn into a pattern of a stylized flower, leaf, etc. Small objects can be placed inside the knots - buttons, pebbles or other shaped parts, resulting in a pattern in the form of spaces of a certain configuration as a result of dyeing. The fabric is completely immersed in a solution of salt or soda ash, boiled in it for 10-15 minutes, then paint is added there. Further operations are carried out according to the instructions on the paint packaging. Modern dyes make it possible to dye fabric in washing machines at a temperature of 60 C. Then the fabric is washed without untying the knots and the dye is fixed. Dried fabric can be re-dyed in a different color.

IMPORTANT! Coloring is carried out from lighter to darker tones. You should not make more than three color overlaps. Without knowledge of color, you risk getting “something” of an indefinitely dirty color instead of the original product and forever losing the desire to engage in this type of creativity.

To perform the following painting techniques, special preparation of fabric is required, which must be stretched over a frame and the design transferred to it. It is convenient to use pins to avoid damaging the material.

The motive for painting can be any drawing you like. It should first be transferred onto tracing paper, and then with black ink or ink onto white thick paper. The finished template is placed under fabric stretched over a frame, secured with adhesive tape, then the contours of the design are transferred to the surface to be painted. If the fabric is thick and opaque, place a lamp under the frame and illuminate the template from below. Ready-made motifs for designs are available for sale, which are transferred to fabric by ironing.

IMPORTANT! In any case, the design should be transferred to the fabric already stretched onto the frame, and after that it cannot be removed from the frame.

Contour painting

It is better to attach the drawing with tape, this will help avoid displacement when transferring it to the fabric.
When transferring a design onto fabric using a phantom felt-tip pen, you don’t have to worry about making mistakes; the lines disappear when exposed to water Apply the reserve composition with a contour painter
Filling the space inside the outline with paint should begin with the lightest shades, and then move on to darker ones

Contour painting is based on the use of reserve compounds that limit the spread of paint over the canvas. The artistic feature of this painting method is that the obligatory colored outline gives the drawings a clear graphic character. However, the number of colors is not limited. The reserve composition is applied to the fabric in the form of a closed contour. Good penetration of the reserve into the fabric is the most important condition in contour painting. If gaps and breaks remain when drawing the outline, the paint will go beyond the boundaries of the drawing. The thickness of the aiming contour and the consistency of the reserve composition depend on the density of the fabric, its texture, as well as the absorbency of the fabric. Dense materials, due to their structure, require a wider contour and a liquid reserve composition for better impregnation. Often, in tissues of this type, reserve is created on both sides. When working on dense fabric, a thick outline is drawn, and on transparent, light fabrics - a thinner one. After the outline of the drawing is drawn, it is allowed to dry.

IMPORTANT! Before applying paint, it is necessary to check the quality of the reserve on the reverse side of the sample by dripping water inside each form. If water breaks through the reserve in any place, this area of the sample should be dried and the reserve should be placed a second time, but on the wrong side. After this, check the line quality again.

At the beginning of the line and in areas where the hand moves more slowly, drops are usually obtained. To avoid this, you should move the tube or tube tip along the fabric as evenly as possible, and at the beginning of work, either quickly lower the end of the tube to the surface, or start applying the reserve composition directly from a sheet of paper previously placed on the working surface of the fabric.

You should start filling in color with the lightest tones, so that it is easier to cover up unwanted defects with a darker tone. At the same time, we should not forget that areas of the drawing must be evenly saturated with paint so that streaks and halos do not form.

Printed heel

Before applying a print to the fabric, make it on paper, thus removing excess ink from the stamp. Heeling is done using stamps. Work must be carried out on a table with a flat surface. You can use a drawing board covered with a flannelette blanket.

Place the frame with the stretched fabric on the table. Dip the stamp into the prepared printing ink, make a test print on paper, removing excess ink, and only then make a print on the fabric. Repeat the operation several times. After finishing work, the dies must be washed and dried.

Free painting

When working using the free-form painting technique, the fabric is soaked in water for better paint spreadability. Apply the paint with loose strokes with a thick brush. The method of free painting, which is done without the use of a reserve composition, differs significantly from contour and knotwork, both in the method of work and in the appearance of the finished product. This technique is close to watercolor painting. Here, soft, picturesque transitions of tone are possible without sharp outlines of shape. painting reveals the originality of the author's handwriting and gives the products the individuality characteristic of manual labor.

Stretch the fabric over the frame. Choose a range of colors to suit your intended look. Treat the fabric with paints in an arbitrary pictorial manner, using not a specific pictorial motif, but some associative image: autumn, winter, spring landscape, early morning, twilight, fog, etc. In accordance with the plan, it is necessary to select a range of colors. The design is applied to the fabric with loose strokes and only the final finishing is sometimes done using a cold reserve composition.

Freehand watercolor painting

After applying watercolor primer or salt solution to the fabric, you can draw on it like on paper

Free watercolor painting is based on the use of a saline solution or special watercolor primers. The fabric stretched over the frame is impregnated with an aqueous solution of table salt or watercolor primer, and after drying it is painted with paints. Since the saline solution limits the spread of paint on the fabric, you can work with loose strokes. Painting is carried out according to the principle of watercolor painting: from light to dark, from the top edge to the bottom.

Free painting using salt crystals

Another method of free-text fabric painting is based on the use of salt or urea crystals. The fabric is stretched over a frame and processed with liquid dyes. Then, in accordance with the design of the design, salt crystals are poured onto the still wet fabric, which actively attract the dye to themselves, thereby darkening those areas of the fabric to which they are applied. The resulting effect largely depends on the size of the crystals. After drying on the fabric, the salt is removed. The effect achieved with dry urea is similar to salt. However, if salt, attracting the dye to itself, concentrates it on the fabric, then urea, on the contrary, bleaches the dyed fabric. This method is very simple and accessible, and most importantly, it gives wide scope for experimentation. A softer effect can be obtained by using not dry urea, but its concentrated solution (1 teaspoon of urea per 50 ml of water), in which a brush is dipped and a pattern is applied to the fabric in the manner of dotted or line art.

Salt or urea crystals are applied to the wet surface of the fabric
While the work is still wet, you can adjust the drawing by darkening or whitening certain areas with special means.
You can use a hairdryer to speed up the drying process.
After the fabric has dried, salt or urea is brushed off with a brush or wide brush.

Method of blowing dye onto fabric through a tube

Using this method, you can obtain a wide variety of variegated textures. Spraying dyes of several colors gives interesting effects. Apply a drop of paint exclusively to dry fabric, then carefully blow it through a tube onto certain areas of the fabric. The result is an interesting effect that can be used as a pictorial basis when creating a bouquet motif or a single plant.

Free painting using airbrush method

When working with the offset technique, it is not necessary to stretch the fabric over the frame; folds and kinks result in additional original effects
Place the stencils on the fabric. After each stage of applying paint, the fabric should be dried
The composition can be decorated using “mask” stencils. Dry plants, lace, buttons, beads are suitable for this.
You can remove the stencil “masks” only after the fabric has completely dried. Airbrushing is sort of in the middle between manual and machine painting methods. In cases where it is necessary to obtain evenly painted surfaces, it is irreplaceable. In addition to airbrushes and spray guns filled with liquid paint, all kinds of dyes in aerosol packaging can be used. The practice of working with an airbrush has many techniques. The displacement technique is based on spraying dye by manipulating a spray gun. In this case, the airbrush jet works in the hands like a brush, providing the opportunity to obtain halftones and color transitions. The spraying technique produces images with a soft, seemingly melting, fuzzy outline. With airbrush it is possible to achieve an almost limitless variety of colors and shades.

Stretch the fabric over the frame. Prepare a range of dyes from 3-4 colors and fill the dye into the airbrush. Spray paint on a small area of the fabric. Repeat a similar operation with other dyes, keeping small areas of the color already applied. Airbrushing can also be done on already dyed fabrics.

Stretch the boiled fabric over the frame and paint it in any mid-tone color. Dry the sample. Then sequentially perform all the above operations, reducing the number of sprayed colors to two. Other techniques for working with an airbrush are based on the use of stencils and covering templates - “masks”. Stretch the fabric over the frame. Prepare stencils of simple geometric shapes.

IMPORTANT! When using paper or soft polymer stencils, they must be attached to the fabric around the perimeter with adhesive tape to avoid displacement during operation. This is especially important when using tampons, brushes and sponges.

Prepare a range of dyes. Depending on the desired effect, place the stencils on the fabric in a certain sequence, and paint over the free areas with the appropriate color. After each operation, the fabric should be dried. Working in this way, it is not always possible to predict the result, so you can adjust the composition at the last stage, using stencils-"masks". Live or dry plants, all kinds of nets, lace are used as “masks”; brooches, buttons, sheets of plain paper, cardboard, etc. are also suitable.

Working with templates gives you a lot of scope for creating complex designs. In airbrushing, a lot depends on your experience and taste. Even in the case when the composition has already been set by the artist, its implementation requires careful attention and artistic flair. The result largely depends on the art of manipulating the airbrush, on the ability to direct the stream of sprayed paint, the duration of the spraying process, techniques for transitioning one tone to another, etc. The weak point of airbrushing is a very vague, vague outline. To make it clearer, airbrushing is sometimes combined with contouring techniques. That is, first the contours of the design are drawn, and then the paint is applied with an airbrush. The disadvantage of the airbrush method is also the appearance of a “fog” of sprayed paint, which requires special forethought and caution from the worker. Airbrush work is usually carried out wearing special protective masks (respirators) and in well-ventilated areas.

Fabric painting “marbled” (marbling)

When working using the marbling technique, a pattern is created on the surface of the paint with a stick or needle
The fabric should be placed in a bath with the resulting pattern over the entire surface. This technique is very effective and opens up wide opportunities for improvisation. It can serve as an independent painting technique or be used in combination with other techniques. A particularly interesting effect can be obtained when using satin silk. For marbled painting you need a special component THICKENER in the form of a powder, which is used to create the base of the design. The composition is diluted in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per 1 liter of water. A flat bath 2-4 cm high is best suited for this. You can begin working with the resulting gel-like mass only after an hour. Paint is applied to the composition in drops; bottles with a pipette provide ease of use. Then a pattern is created on the surface with a stick or needle. The fabric or paper should be laid flat on the resulting drawing. Leave it like this for 20 seconds, then remove it and quickly rinse with running water. Let dry and secure. The most interesting thing is that the design can be constantly updated and applied in layers. The prepared composition can be used repeatedly. Any reserve composition can be used as a decorative finish; unpainted stains remain in areas where it is applied to the fabric. The MARBLING technique is very interesting and colorful; it allows you to imitate marble patterns and obtain original color solutions.

Monotype and putty technique

Carefully lift the fabric with the printed design, making sure that it does not move. Monotype is also interesting. This technique is quite simple to perform and is accessible even to children. You will need a sheet of plastic or glass. Paint is applied to its surface with loose strokes; it should be thick, like a paste in a tube. Then the fabric stretched over the frame is pressed tightly against the glass. This operation can be repeated several times until the paint on the glass is completely used.

At putty technology Thick paint is applied directly to the fabric, creating a relief surface.

Photo effect

The result obtained by the photoeffect method is similar to airbrushing, but the work process is devoid of the unpleasant moments associated with the difficulties of working with an airbrush. In addition to the classical methods of hand-painting fabrics, paints and related materials appearing on the market have significantly enriched the practice of artistic painting in obtaining particularly original decorative effects. One of them is the photo effect, which is based on certain qualities of the paint. You can put a variety of patterns on the paint that has not yet dried. Then place the work under a bright lighting fixture. When dry, the paint under the templates becomes lighter, giving the image some mystery and haze.

Using new paints and materials, you can achieve complete similarity of the finished work with applique, beadwork and rhinestones.

Fabric painting is an interesting and fascinating art. We hope that this material will help you in mastering this difficult type of creativity.

The editors thank Alla Nikolaevna Novikova and Lyubov Bolycheva, textile artists Irina Bychkova and Elena Vasilyeva for their assistance in preparing the material.

Fabric painting is an ancient art that allows you to create unique works. This type of artistic fabric processing has its roots in the countries of Southeast Asia - Japan, China, Indonesia. Ancient masters most often painted silk, on which strange birds and flowers came to life. Hand-painted fabrics brought to Europe were highly valued; only members of the aristocracy could afford them. The technique of painting on fabric began to develop in Europe only in the 20s of the last century. All types of handmade fabric dyeing are called batik. This word comes from Indonesia and literally means “drop on fabric.” There are various techniques for creating designs on fabrics.

Hot batik

This is the most complex method of painting and one of the most ancient. To create a multi-color design, the desired areas are treated with wax and dipped in hot dye. The fabric does not change its color under the wax drops, therefore, having painted part of the design in one tone, wax lines are applied again and painted in the next color. And so on repeatedly until you get a complex pattern. Such painstaking work on one canvas can last for weeks. The finished fabric is stretched to dry and the wax is finally removed.

Cold batik

In this technique, a special compound (reserve) is applied inside which the fabric is painted in different colors. Only after all the colors have been applied is the fixing composition removed and the outline drawn. To achieve high-quality painting on fabric, it is usually painted on both sides.

Knot batik

This method is available to everyone. It is very simple - knots are tied on the fabric before dyeing. You can do this in a chaotic manner, or you can think of a special design. The fabric prepared in this way is boiled in a dye solution. This method is only suitable for fabrics that can withstand high temperatures.

Painting on fabric with airbrush or acrylic paints

This is a modern technique; to perform it you need special ones for fabrics. They can be applied with a regular brush or with an airbrush. When making drawings in this way, you can use various stencils or

stamps, you can use plants and small objects instead. Working with an airbrush requires certain skills. It allows you to get a very delicate, translucent layer of paint and is therefore often used by professionals to create original works. Having finished painting with paints, apply a fixative and dry the canvas properly. These paints are best used for thick fabrics, as well as leather and suede.

Painting on wet fabric

Such works are very unusual - the colors smoothly flow from one tone to another, resulting in the effect of an airy picture. The canvas can first be soaked in a saline solution to prevent unsightly smudges.

To create unique clothing models, modern designers are turning to new technologies that allow them to create printed patterns on fabric. Photos transferred to silk canvas have become a fashionable technique among leading couturiers.

There are several ways to decorate fabric. These are cold, nodular and hot. The most interesting is hot batik. Products made using this technique are very expressive and colorful. Only with this technique is it possible to achieve color development that is infinitely varied in structure, shades and color combinations.

Hot batik. A trembling feeling covers a person when he touches the white fabric, well stretched over the frame, with a tassel. The fabric pliably accepts the paint in its embrace, and, grateful, it begins to work wonders. But paint has its own character - it is restive and does not know the limits of its run. And then the creative witchcraft begins. With a hand and a brush with paint and at the will of reason and imagination, they create a miracle. And you find yourself in the magical world of artistic textile painting. Once started, it is no longer possible to part with it.

The methods of painting fabric with hot batik mobilize creative imagination, thinking and will like no other, and provide great opportunities for self-expression. Hot batik is the most complex technique of all types of painting, but also the most interesting. Having mastered it, you discover that wax is a fertile material for all kinds of experiments, searches for unusual artistic techniques, and improvisation. Even the unusual smell of hot wax awakens creative imagination.

Cold batik. The appearance of oriental fabrics in Europe led to a passion for hand-painted fabrics at the beginning of the 20th century. Batik was experiencing a rebirth. But it was difficult for Europeans to reproduce the classic process of making wax batik, so a different, more accessible and simpler type of painting appeared: cold reserve and, accordingly, other dyeing techniques. However, this technique differs from hot batik not only in the temperature of the reserve; its composition, tools for its application, as well as the style of painting have changed. For silk painting, the most characteristic are white and colored lines that separate one color space from another; all details of the design have a clear boundary and are painted only inside the reserve line. As a result, the drawing acquires graphic clarity. Unlike hot batik, this method does not require removal of the reserve after dyeing, is simpler and safer, and therefore is one of the most popular techniques for painting fabric. In Russia, the cold batik method has been used since 1936 in industrial cooperatives. In this way, kerchiefs, scarves, ties, coupons for dresses, and interior products were made: curtains, tablecloths, napkins, lampshades. Later - decorative panels, painting on fabric. Cold batik became widespread in many countries in the 70-80s.

The style is “cold batik”, a European invention of the Art Nouveau era. A clear "stained glass" outline makes this technique attractive. Cold batik is based on the use of reserve compounds that limit the spread of paint on the canvas. The artistic feature of this painting method is that the obligatory colored outline gives the drawings a clear graphic character. However, the number of colors is not limited.

The reserve composition is applied to the fabric in the form of a closed contour. Good penetration of the reserve into the fabric is the most important condition in contour painting. If gaps and breaks remain when drawing the outline, the paint will go beyond the boundaries of the drawing. The thickness of the aiming contour and the consistency of the reserve composition depend on the density of the fabric, its texture, as well as the absorbency of the fabric. Dense materials, due to their structure, require a wider contour and a liquid reserve composition for better impregnation. Often, in tissues of this type, reserve is created on both sides. When working on dense fabric, a thick outline is drawn, and on transparent, light fabrics - a thinner one. After the outline of the drawing is drawn, it is allowed to dry.

Before applying paint, it is necessary to check the quality of the reserve on the reverse side of the sample by dripping water inside each form. If water breaks through the reserve in any place, this area of the sample should be dried and the reserve should be placed a second time, but on the wrong side. After this, check the line quality again.

Free painting. The method of free painting, which is done without the use of a reserve composition, differs significantly from contour and knot painting, both in the method of work and in the appearance of the finished product. This technique is close to watercolor painting. Here, soft, picturesque transitions of tone are possible without sharp outlines of shape. painting reveals the originality of the author's handwriting and gives the products the individuality characteristic of manual labor.

Freehand watercolor painting. Free watercolor painting is based on the use of a saline solution or special watercolor primers. The fabric stretched over the frame is impregnated with an aqueous solution of table salt or watercolor primer, and after drying it is painted with paints. Since the saline solution limits the spread of paint on the fabric, you can work with loose strokes. Painting is carried out according to the principle of watercolor painting: from light to dark, from the top edge to the bottom.

Free painting using salt crystals. Another method of free-text fabric painting is based on the use of salt or urea crystals. The fabric is stretched over a frame and processed with liquid dyes. Then, in accordance with the design of the design, salt crystals are poured onto the still wet fabric, which actively attract the dye to themselves, thereby darkening those areas of the fabric to which they are applied. The resulting effect largely depends on the size of the crystals. After drying on the fabric, the salt is removed. The effect achieved with dry urea is similar to salt. However, if salt, attracting the dye to itself, concentrates it on the fabric, then urea, on the contrary, bleaches the dyed fabric. This method is very simple and accessible, and most importantly, it gives wide scope for experimentation. A softer effect can be obtained by using not dry urea, but its concentrated solution (1 teaspoon of urea per 50 ml of water), in which a brush is dipped and a pattern is applied to the fabric in the manner of dotted or line art.

Glaze. This well-known technique of oil and watercolor painting can be successfully used when painting fabric. The technique is based on the fact that paints are mixed not on a palette, but on fabric, layer by layer overlaying one on top of the other, which leads to a change in color. Transparent aniline dyes are well suited for working in this technique.

You can use the glazing technique in any work, but as a training exercise it’s a good idea to depict a stylized still life of glasses, decanters and other containers of interesting shapes. Imagine that there are several glass vessels of different colors in front of you. Moreover, they stand in such a way that their edges seem to overlap one another. At the same time, it is easy to see that when applied, pink and blue colors will give a lilac tint, blue and yellow - green, etc.

First prepare your design and transfer it to the fabric. Trace the outlines with reserve. Paint an object with the chosen color. Paint the adjacent object in two steps: first its main part, then the place where it intersects with another object. Continue working until the entire still life is painted.

If the color of an item seems too light, apply a second coat of paint. Particularly interesting effects are obtained in places where two or three objects overlap.

Lastly, the background is painted. The colors for such painting must be light and transparent. Mixing more than three colors is not recommended. It is also not advisable to mix contrasting colors, such as red and green, blue and orange, yellow and purple. Often this combination gives a dirty gray or brown tint.

Knotted batik technique ("bandan"). This is one of the first ways to decorate fabric. It has been known in Eastern countries since ancient times. In Indochina, the knot technique existed even before the 7th century. In India, it is widespread to this day under the name bandhey (bandhana, bandhini), which means “tie-color.” The pattern consists of many white and colored dots. Similar patterns are found on ancient frescoes and sculptures. Wedding and festive clothes are made from such fabrics. In Malaysia and Indonesia, the knot technique is called plangi, which means “space, spot.” In Sumatra, fabrics are complemented with bead embroidery, in India - with beads, in Africa - with embroidery, pearls and shells. This method of dyeing was known in pre-Columbian America, the Caucasus, Tibet, and the countries of the Middle East and North Africa. Creating a pattern by sewing fabric is a more sophisticated technique. In Indonesia this technique is called tritik. In Europe, knot dyeing became famous at the beginning of the 20th century; it was used in clothing and interior design: for bedspreads and curtains. In the 70s, the revival of interest in the East again made the knotting technique fashionable; it was widely used to decorate hippie-style clothing.

Batik using the bandhan technique is perhaps the most ancient type of fabric painting. One of its types, the plangi technique, was widespread in India. The unpainted canvas was covered according to the pattern with very small knots, tightly tied with thread. Then the fabric was dyed and the threads were removed, resulting in a pattern of white “polka dots.” If necessary, the fabric could be dyed in this manner several times, removing old knots and adding new ones. The dressing threads were removed from the dried fabric, but the finished product was not ironed, due to which the “crunchiness” effect was preserved for a long time.

Hidden reserve method. In fabric painting, in addition to the basic methods described above, there are many additional techniques and nuances that allow you to embody artistic ideas as accurately as possible, paying more attention to the creative side of the process rather than the features of technology. Some of these techniques can be invented on your own over time, but if you have the entire arsenal from the beginning, it is much easier to achieve the desired result. Combining techniques in different variations further expands the range of possibilities.

Airbrush painting on fabric. An airbrush (an improved spray gun) has great potential for creating an interesting effect in painting. When using this device, small silhouette images are obtained on the surface of the fabric, as if melting in fog. One of the main working techniques is spraying paint at an angle. This allows you to create smooth light-and-shadow transitions. By directing a stream of paint onto the stencil at different angles, you model the shape of the motif.

Bagaeva Liliya

There is one feature in human life that distinguishes his mind from the rest of the inhabitants of the universe- this is the ability to look at the world with different eyes, add your own colors to it, make it brighter, or simply show your vision of life to other people through creativity. Fashion offers a wide range of different trends that make it possible to dress stylishly, but at the same time external individuality is not preserved.

Among the current variety, you need to be able to choose for yourself what will ideally fit into your own image, emphasize the most expressive character traits and reflect your life position. It is with this approach that a wardrobe can become an indispensable component of a personal brand, but all this requires considerable expenses.

Download:

Preview:

Administration of the municipal formation "Barguzinsky district"

Municipal budgetary institution of additional education

"BARGUZIN CHILDREN'S CREATIVITY HOUSE"

Subject:

Work performed by: Bagaeva Liliya, student of 5th grade,

Scientific director: Tumasyan Lyudmila Aleksanovna,

additional education teacher

MBUDO "Barguzin House of Children's Creativity".

2017

Introduction………………………………………………………. ………….. …3

Relevance, scientific novelty…………………………………………………………...4

Goal, objectives………………………………………………………………………………………5

Organization and methodology of the study………………………………………………………6-7

Economic justification……………………………………………………8

Conclusion……………………………………………………………………………….8-9

References……………………………………………………………10

Introduction

There is one feature in a person’s life that distinguishes his mind from the rest of the inhabitants of the universe - this is the ability to look at the world with different eyes, add your own colors to it, make it brighter, or simply show your vision of life to other people through creativity. Fashion offers a wide range of different trends that make it possible to dress stylishly, but at the same time external individuality is not preserved.

Problem:

Modern youth have a problem of indifference to their personality, this is especially reflected in the style of the things they wear, the character of individuality is lost, the race for the same type and monochromatic type of clothing that modern brands dictate to us. They do not strive to improve their wardrobe with their own style.

Motivation: Truly individual style often has little to do with what is considered fashionable in a given season. As Yves Saint Laurent said, “Fashion fades, style is eternal.” Style is a state when a person himself understands what suits him, knows how to see his color, silhouette and proportions.

In society, personal success depends largely on what you show to the world. Clothing style is a reflection of your lifestyle, so when choosing a wardrobe it is extremely important to have a clear idea of how you want to present yourself to others, that you want to make a statement about yourself. For this reason, it makes no sense to blindly copy fashion trends and style trends. In addition, all this requires a lot of money. While studying at the association of fine arts, I studied in depth materials about the types of painting, mastered the technique of drawing different types of ornaments. And I decided, why don’t I emphasize my individuality, follow fashion trends, preserve my own style - designing and decorating clothes with my own hands, painting them with acrylic paints and without special expenses. The best part is that I will devote my free time to my favorite pastime, and I invite everyone who wants to create an image with their own hands in our time of crisis.After all, not everyone can afford to buy clothes that correspond to modern fashion and style.

Relevance:

Today it is important to offer many options and not tie up freedom of action - the consumer should be able to choose his own combination. From the chaos of fashion proposals, everyone can choose what is necessary and sufficient, which will make up the style and image of the individual. Thus, fashion is aimed at individualizing style. Decorating your clothesapplying a design to fabricin accordance with your plan, you will definitely be exclusive and unique!

By decorating clothes with your own hands, you can create a completely new look.

your beauty, reflecting your inner state and mood. Besides,

a hobby like painting clothes can become an exciting family activity

an activity that you can do with your children by making simple, fun

Children's drawings. Together you can decorate not only clothes, but also your home, for example, paint original curtains. By exploring your home, you will always find opportunities to make it more comfortable and beautiful.

You don’t need to be a master to beautifully paint a product, since painting with acrylic paints is done using a very easy technology. If you do not have drawing skills, you can use a template or do the work using a stencil, but those who really love drawing can easily create any design on their favorite clothes or accessories, giving old things a new life. This technique of painting with acrylic paints, amazing in its diversity, today can delight the eyes of billions of people, bringing great pleasure to its authors.

Scientific novelty of the research:is to create creative products witha unique author's handwriting, which gives the products the individuality characteristic of manual labor.

Painting on fabric with acrylic paints is one of the quick ways to decorate household items in a modern style. Thus, you can decorate not only clothes, but also household items: bedspreads, pillowcases, tablecloths, drapes, curtains!By exploring your home, you will always find opportunities to make it more comfortable and beautiful.

Many people would like to be able to decorate clothes, for example, a scarf or T-shirt, with painting. But some people don’t know how to handle paints, while others are simply afraid. In order to paint on fabric, you need not only the ability to draw, but also at least a little knowledge of the basics of color.Color in a decorative textile product is an integral part of the decor. A thing that is beautiful in design can be ruined by colors that do not correspond to the overall artistic design, or by incorrect color distribution. With color you can combine individual elements into a single whole and you can crush them so that nothing remains of a carefully thought-out composition. In order to competently solve color issues, you need to know the elementary laws of color combinations. The influence of colors and their combinations on humans. The color of a textile product is determined by the combination of colors used and the harmony of their combinations.

The choice of the main gamut and the subordination of the overall color scheme to this gamut allows you to meaningfully approach the issue of the color scheme of the work. It is not enough to distribute the colors across the plane of the product. You need to learn to manage the possibilities provided by the paints at hand.

Target : Stylize textiles and accessories using the technique of painting on fabric with acrylic paints.

Tasks:

1. Research the history of this needlework.

2. Collect text and illustrated material about free painting with acrylic paints on fabric.

3. Learn to work competently and carefully with special materials and tools.

4. Apply creative work in the design of clothing and accessories.

Object of study:Painting on fabric with acrylic paints.

Subject of study:Creative work using the technique of drawing with acrylic paints.

Practical value of the work:

Painting with acrylic paints will bring great pleasure to both children and adults, because a drawing you like will give you ideas for stylish design not only of clothes, but also to decorate home accessories in an original and stylish way, such as curtains, tablecloths, bedspreads and , even pillowcases for sofa cushions. This type of art can serve not only for the soul, but also for replenishing your wallet.

Hypothesis: Is it possible to paint different types of fabric with acrylic paints?

Organization and methodology of researchfabric painting techniques:

In this project, I explore materials about painting on fabric with acrylic paints, which can become the basis for creating a fashionable image. To do this, I studied the history of the appearance of painting.

Hand-painting of silk and cotton fabrics arose in our country relatively recently: in the late 20s - early 30s. Unlike most other artistic crafts, there are no firmly established traditions and direct successive ties with peasant household art or with any specific artistic craft in Russia. The principle of redundancy underlying this technique, i.e. coating with a paint-impervious composition those parts of the fabric that should remain unpainted and form a pattern was known in ancient times. In China, India, Indonesia and other countries of the ancient East, this method has been used since time immemorial to obtain a pattern on fabric. For example, in India, the finest cotton fabrics were woven by hand and painted with scenes from the Indian epic using a kalam - a stick with a sharp end and a groove, which created a subtle graphic design. Fabrics made from natural silk and cotton fibers are used for hand painting. If the fabric is made from a mixture of natural and synthetic fibers, then it will be poorly dyed and have dull, faded shades. Natural fiber can be identified by burning. To do this, you need to set fire to the thread of the fabric. Natural silk burns poorly and has the smell of burnt wool; The cotton burns completely and has the smell of burnt paper.

Fabric painting is an ancient art that came to Europe from Indonesia , where painting of various objects and textiles was a kind of ritual of worship of the gods.

Recipes for making paints were kept by the masters in the strictest confidence.

In ancient times, it was believed that clothes decorated with paintings protected a person from all sorts of misfortunes. Perhaps this is true, because the artist, when drawing, conveys his positive energy and positively charged thoughts through paint.

The real flowering of this art was in China .
After all, it was the Chinese who gave the world perhaps the most ideal material for painting – silk.
And since that time, batik on silk has gained popularity all over the world, it is very popular to this day.

To Japan batik technology most likely came from China or India

Translated into Japanese, batik sounds like "Rokechi". The Japanese combined the knowledge they gained with their own national heritage, thereby obtaining the most beautiful products with traditional scenes and designs. Painted fabrics were mainly used to make screens and clothing. The most important and significant for the development and establishment of batik in Japan was the 13th century, which is rightfully considered the golden age or the century of artistic weaving. On today's market there are quite a few other fabric paints that artists enjoy using and also combining them with batik. For example, painting with acrylic paints can be considered the great-granddaughter of batik, it appeared quite recently around 1920-30, the first acrylic paints appeared in the USA, and presumably painting with acrylic paints on fabric spread from America. For example, painting with acrylic paints on fabric is widespread and popular these days in Russia. Fashion with painting on clothes with acrylic paints is an amazing art that will never stop developing.

Conducted experiments:

1. With the quality of three types of acrylic paints such as: “Akryleks”, Acrylic paints for fabric, “Decola”.

2. With different types of fabric: natural, mixed, synthetic.

3. Checking the pattern for strength and wear resistance when washing.

Research has shown that:

Acrylic paints are easily diluted with water.
Under the surface to be drawnBe sure to lay some kind of waterproof material(I use cardboard) since the colors penetrate through the fabric, you will stain the bottom of the item.
We use synthetic or kolinsky brushes.
We apply the design in several layers, allowing the previous layer to dry completely; if necessary, fix the layer by ironing.
Let's use the palette.
After a day, the drawing needs to be ironedthrough cotton fabric for 5 minutes, in iron mode - for cotton fabric.
An important point is that things painted with acrylic paints can be washed very easily; the design will not be erased for a long time and will not lose color.
When using paints, carefully study the instructions for their use; some of them have their own characteristics of use.
After work, rinse the brushes well under water., maybe with soap.

Practical part.

To work you will need tools:

Textile product (clothing)

Column brushes or artificial brushes of different sizes

Acrylic paints for fabric

Work sequence

1. In order to make a design on clothes, you first need to select it so that it matches the style and type of the product.

2. Place the sketch of the selected pattern inside the clothing so that the outline of the sketch is displayed on the front side of the product.

3. Using a simple pencil, we outline the design, which shines through the fabric.

4. Let's put acrylic paints on the palette, only those that are necessary for the initial stage, because they thicken and dry very quickly.

5. We cover the background and large details in the drawing with certain colors according to the plan, then we paint all the details of the drawing with small ornaments.

6. To fix the pattern on the fabric, you need to iron the product with a hot iron through a thin cotton fabric or by turning the product with the pattern inside out.

150 rub.

Conclusion : we purchased materials for a small amount of only 630 rubles, while brushes, palette, paints can be used to paint several more products.

Conclusion and conclusion:

What is research without practical work? While drawing on fabric, I came to the following conclusion:

1 . Before you start painting, you must place cardboard or paper inside the product so that the design is not imprinted on the back of the product, since acrylic paints are not removed from the fabric even when washed. From this we can conclude that a product with a pattern with acrylic paints can be safely washed, but to prevent the colors from fading, it is advisable to do this very carefully.

2. Having made drawings on different types of fabric, we eventually came to the conclusion that the most suitable fabric for painting with acrylic paints is natural fabrics without synthetic impurities.

Acrylic paints are not suitable for all types of fabric; on synthetic fabrics they spread and result in an unclear pattern. But on natural fabrics (silk, linen, cotton and paper), the paint applies evenly and well.

3. Having experimented with 3 (Acryleks, Acrylic paints for fabric, Decola) types of acrylic paints, we determined that the brightest and highest quality paints are Decola, since, unlike other acrylic paints, they do not harden on the surface of clothing, lay down very softly and evenly, and retain elasticity when drying and the brightness of the picture.

4. Painting on fabric is very exciting and interesting, while working on this project, I discovered new ideas that I really want to implement and have already thought that in the future I will paint not only fabric, but also household utensils, interior items, and make magnificent and exclusive gifts for friends and family.It's much nicer than just showing off something you bought in a store. Preserving the national traditions of my family, I plan to complete this work using Buryat ornaments.

Bibliography

References:

Gilman R.A. “Artistic painting of fabrics”, Moscow, “Vlados”, 2005. The history of printing on fabric (printing).
Dorzhiev Lubsan “Buryat ornament in creativity”

3. Zhuravleva I.D. textbook - method, manual, Fabrics. Treatment. Care. Coloring. Application. Batik.- M.: Eksmo Publishing House, 2005.- 176 p..

4. Kozlova T.V. Modeling and artistic design of women's and children's clothing. - method, manual, Moscow 1990

Magazine article

Natalya Kubrick, magazine “Ideas for Your Home” No. 3 (16) March 1999, article “Painting on fabric.”

Internet resources:

Materials from the site “Eco-friendly things”, article “Eco-fashion - fresh trends”, “http://www.ecofriendly.ru/content/ekomoda-%E2%80%93-svezhie-tendentsii.
Materials from the “School of Life” website, article by Olga Sitnikova “Eco-chic and eco-fashion – something new or well-forgotten old?” http://shkolazhizni.ru/authors/vasilina/

Painting on fabric involves a huge number of different technologies. This firstly depends on the original paint.

I suggest you consider batik paints and acrylic fabric paints.

Batik is divided into cold (gutta technique) and hot, there is also free painting on dry and wet textiles, knotting technique, shibori technique and kokechi (use of stencils).
High-quality painting on fabric is certainly done by hand and is a completely self-sufficient form of art.

COLD BATIK

In cold batik, when painting fabric, a special substance is used that does not allow paint to pass through. This method is called reservation. First, the drawing is made with this very substance, and those areas of the fabric that have not been processed are painted over with paint. Then the solution is removed, and thus a patterned fabric is obtained.

HOT BATIK

Hot batik usually uses melted wax as a reserve. As a rule, it is used on cotton fabrics. This technique uses “chanting” - an original tool for applying patterns with melted wax. This is a small copper vessel with one or more curved spouts and a bamboo or wooden handle.

FREE PAINTING

The artist's talent is especially evident in free painting; here it is impossible to create a drawing using a ready-made template. The individual uniqueness of the work is created.
Sometimes, before starting free painting on dry fabric, it is first soaked in a strong saline solution so that the paint does not spread. You can do various experiments, adding a reserve or salt effect somewhere, or using alcohol-containing substances to moisten the tissue.
Painting on wet painting is also a type of free painting. Works done “raw” have an unusually beautiful effect of paint smoothly flowing from one to another, which creates the illusion of airiness. You can move a brush with paint directly over the moistened surface of the canvas, forming a pattern yourself, without using ready-made templates for batik. Everything needs to be done quickly, otherwise unsightly smudges will form on the drying fabric.

KNOTTING TECHNIQUE

Knotted batik is an ancient type of fabric design. By the way, novice artists can be recommended to start with this batik technique.
Its meaning is simple - knots are tied on the fabric (randomly or in accordance with a certain pattern) using thread. Some batichists like to create unexpected designs using available materials - buttons, pebbles, round balls. The main thing is that the item is not afraid of high temperature, because if it is tied tightly with threads, it will boil in water with a dye solution.
T-shirts, dresses, tablecloths, and napkins look especially beautiful using the knotted batik technique.

SHIBORI TECHNIQUE

The shibori technique is often called knotted batik. However, there are several differences in this technique.
The fabric here is folded in a certain way, often according to a ready-made solution. This is an ancient Japanese technology that echoes the beloved Japanese technique of origami.

Despite all these batik techniques, there are many additional effects that can be used to add expressiveness and originality to the work, for example, the salt effect, “craquelure”, the use of urea or the unusual effect of alcohol.

ACRYLIC PAINTS

Also a popular type of fabric dyeing is free-form painting with acrylic paints for fabric. These paints are usually used for thick fabrics, leather, suede and textiles in dark and bright colors. The paint is applied with a brush, airbrush, roller through a stencil or using stamps.

AND NOW ABOUT FABRICS

Many fabrics are suitable for batik. The choice depends on the purpose (for clothing or for interior decoration) and on the batik technique (cold or hot, knotted, free painting). A very important rule is that for batik you need to use natural fabrics of a homogeneous composition, since dyes for batik are usually intended for a specific group of fibers. In mixed fabrics, only natural fibers are dyed. This affects the color - the picture turns out faded..
For hot batik, it is better to use textiles made from plant fibers or viscose, since hot wax and subsequent processing can damage the structure of silk fabric. Cotton, linen, viscose, wool are suitable materials for working with wax, and we select the quality of the fabric depending on the purpose.

For cold batik, the best choice is natural silk or thin woolen fabric, such as cashmere, without synthetic impurities. Viscose satin is very good for decorative panels. Thin silk or viscose satin is also good for evening dresses; it is also indispensable for men's clothing.
If we talk about density and thickness, then any fabric that can pass through the reserve composition is suitable for painting fabric in the style of cold batik.
A wide variety of fabrics, leather and suede are suitable for acrylic painting. You just need to select a special acrylic paint for dark textiles for dark fabrics.

Wash clothes painted with acrylic at a temperature not exceeding 40 degrees and using a gentle cycle, preferably by hand; it is also better to wring it by hand. Also, avoid using bleach or brushes.
Batik painting is less finicky and you need to choose the washing mode based on the fabric itself.
If you follow these simple rules, your products will delight you with their brilliance and novelty for a long time!