How to make a wooden gate yourself. Wooden gate: main types

Almost any owner of a suburban area wants to create a functional, inexpensive gate that would also serve as decoration. The best solution that allows you to satisfy all the described requirements is to create a wooden gate. This design can be easily made with your own hands.

How to choose material

When choosing, many are guided by criteria such as the cost of the material and its durability. With proper processing, wood can be used for several decades. Moreover, it has a low cost.

Pine is often chosen to create a sash, since this material has a low price. Such wood is quite easy to process and resists environmental influences well due to its saturation with resin. If a pine gate is varnished, it will have a fairly attractive appearance.

It is worth noting that larch is a stronger material that lends itself well to processing. But at the same time, the cost of the material is several times higher than the cost of pine. Cedar is often used, since such wood does not crack and is resistant to rot.

The best option is oak, which can be purchased at a relatively low cost. Despite the fact that aspen is easy to process and does not crack over time, it is rarely used to create fences for the site.

When creating a sash, you can use poplar. But it is worth remembering that you only need to purchase well-dried material. If it is wet, the boards may become deformed when drying.

Birch can also be used to create a gate, but it has a short service life and is susceptible to cracking. When creating a wooden gate with your own hands, it is important to choose the right material, taking into account the weather conditions in a certain region. To choose a specific type of sash, it is worth considering photos of various similar products and determining which one will look better in a certain area.

Types of gate designs

Before creating a sash, you need to select a specific design option. Based on materials, gates can be divided into wooden and combined, when the product is created using metal elements. Depending on the design, the described structures are divided into the following types:

To make the gate more reliable, you need to create it with a brace. Thanks to this element, the structure will serve for a long time without distorting its shape.

Tools and materials

To create a wooden sash you will need the following tools and materials:

square;
roulette;
pencil;
hacksaw;
screwdriver;
plumb line

The pillars for the sash can be made from timber with a section of 100x100 mm. Each pillar is buried underground to a depth of about a meter. The frame can be created from a bar with a cross-section of 20x40 mm. You should also purchase a latch and hinges. To install the pillars you will need cement, crushed stone and sand. Before you make a wooden gate with your own hands, you should properly secure the supports.

Installation of pillars

Installation of supports occurs as follows:

First, holes about a meter deep are created with a drill. The distance between them must be calculated in advance and be slightly larger than the width of the sash.
After this, the bottom of the pits is filled with sand and compacted. The thickness of the sand layer should be about 5 cm.
At the next stage, crushed stone is poured into the pits to a height of about 5 cm.
The part of the pillars that will sink into the ground is burned using a blowtorch. In this case, it is worth treating the entire surface of the pillars with antiseptic compounds. The installation of pillars must be plumb.
After this, the pits are filled with crushed stone and filled with concrete.

When creating a gate with your own hands, it is important to correctly create the frame, since it bears most of the load. By looking at photos of various gates, you can understand how such structures are created.

Frame assembly and cladding

Most often, the frame is made in the form of the letter Z. After covering such a frame, a fairly reliable structure is created that can withstand its own weight. When creating a frame, its elements must be located on a flat surface.

The cladding can be solid or lattice. The choice depends on the preferences of the site owner. If you want to close the area from prying eyes, you should make a high gate with a continuous sheathing.

Advantages and disadvantages of wooden gates

It is worth noting that products made from wood go well with many types of fences. They also have the following advantages:

Easy to create. You can make a wooden door with your own hands, spending a small amount of money on materials.
Environmental friendliness. Wood is an environmentally friendly material and cannot harm health.
Low cost. It is for this reason that many property owners install wooden fence gates.

The disadvantages of wood products include:

Fragility of the material. Under the influence of environmental conditions, wood quickly collapses. The service life of the described products can be extended with the help of special compounds that prevent rotting.
Low mechanical strength compared to other materials. Metal gates can withstand heavy loads without deforming like wooden products.
Cracking of the material. Often the elements of wooden gates crack due to nails or screws.
Fire hazard. To reduce the likelihood of the material catching fire, it is worth treating the sash with fire-retardant compounds.

Despite the described disadvantages, many people choose wooden gates.

Wicket installation and painting

After the shield is assembled, you need to hang it on the wicket hinges, adjusting the position. When fastening the hinges, it is necessary to use a piece of wooden beam as a lining under the gate so that it is in a certain position. First, the hinges are screwed to the shield and only after that they are secured to the support. This is due to the fact that with this method of fastening it is easier to adjust the position of the blade. After installation, you need to check whether the gate opens freely. There should be a small space between the created product and the support.

After fastening, you need to pay attention to the gap under the wooden gate. It must be at least 3 cm.

To paint wooden gates, many site owners use stain. Before painting the material, it is necessary to treat it with antiseptic compounds. It is worth remembering that such work must be done twice in order to reliably protect the material from adverse effects. Thanks to this, the tree can last quite a long time.

Only dry wood should be painted. If it rains during such work, you must wait until it stops and continue working only after the material has completely dried. To determine. Which color is suitable for a particular area, it is worth considering photos of various products painted in different shades.

The bolt should be installed only after the gate has been completely painted. It is important to remember that the most unprotected place of the gate is its top edge. This is due to the fact that moisture is better absorbed into the cross section of a wooden product. To protect the tree from destruction, it is worth making the edging with galvanized tape. This material is secured with glue or nails.

Thus, to make a wooden gate with your own hands, it is enough to have a small amount of necessary materials and standard tools for working with wood. Most often, the gate is installed near the gate, which can be seen when looking at the photo.

A beautiful wooden gate, made from start to finish, will serve as a source of pride for the owner and as a decoration for the home. People walk through it every day. It is an integral part of the house.

Based on its appearance, one can draw conclusions about the owner. A beautiful, tastefully made, high-quality door will command respect from guests and neighbors. The structures come in various designs, designs, and executions. There are many gate options. When choosing a door, you should take into account the fact that it will serve for decades.

Therefore, the selection of materials and design features play a role here. When the desire to make a door with your own hands becomes irresistible, the master will be faced with a number of problems that he will try to solve on his own.

One of them is the choice of material.

Softwood lumber:

Larch one of the best materials;
Pine, spruce the most common, cheap, easy to process;
Cedar excellent material, but quite expensive.

Hardwood lumber:

Oak most suitable, hard, durable, sands and polishes well, has a beautiful texture;
Alder, chestnut, ash, sycamore not common, but suitable for gates;
Beech use is not recommended, it is highly susceptible to warping and cracking;
Laminated hardwood timber Any one is suitable, this is the best option.

Advice: The lumber should be taken ready-made, planed on a planer, dry, and of the same thickness!

In the future, this will save you from problems with marking connections.

Crafting tools

They are:

lattice

A simple lattice gate without a strut. as in Figure 4, it is made from a wide picket fence 100 mm wide. The picket fence is secured in it with two nails or screws. This is done so that the gate does not sag over time.

How to make a structure strong? The first step is to develop drawings. Choosing a suitable option from the Internet is not so difficult. There are not many options for connecting parts.

A lattice gate made of picket fence allows you to see what is happening in the yard. They are called end-to-end. They are light, durable, practical.

Simple lattice gate without strut

To make the gate more reliable, you need to create it with strut. Thanks to this element, the structure will serve for a long time without distorting its shape:

Gate with strut

The tenon connection is most suitable

There are two options for connecting the gate frame:

into a thorn,
threw with toothed plates.

This glue connection is closed and durable. It is necessary to mark and calculate the dimensions of the tenon and groove so that the tenon fits into the groove with tension, that is, with difficulty.

Wooden products must be glued with PVA glue. The gate frame must be checked for geometric dimensions. The corners of the gate frame must be 90 degrees. In addition to glue, such a connection is fixed with screws. You can check the frame assembly by measuring the diagonals. They must be equal to each other.

As for the metal of toothed plates, everything is simple. They are driven into wooden slats. This connection is made quickly, it is durable, and can withstand heavy loads.

If there is a desire to make the gate more durable, they can be constructed of wood and metal. In this case, the pillars and frame of the door frame are made of metal, and the sheathing is made of wood. This type of gate is more durable than a wooden one. If necessary, the wooden sheathing can be changed.

Installation of pillars

The process of securing the supports begins with excavation work, for which we have prepared a shovel in advance. We dig a hole with the smallest diameter that a bayonet shovel allows. The depth should be approximately seventy centimeters; this depth will be enough to keep the gate stationary even with frequent use.

Then we install the beams there and wedge them with boards, bars, stones or any other hard materials.

After the tables are installed and wedged, we carefully check the evenness and installation with a level and proceed to cover them with earth. It is best to thoroughly dry and crush the excavated soil. Then it is filled up, compacted as much as possible and spilled with water several times as the hole is filled. Subsequently, you get a post that will easily stand for many years and remain a reliable support for your gate.

Installation of a wooden gate

The cladding can be solid or lattice. The choice depends on the preferences of the site owner. If you want to close the area from prying eyes, you should make a high gate with a continuous sheathing.

After fastening, you need to pay attention to the gap under the wooden gate. It must be at least 3 cm.

Thus, to make a wooden gate with your own hands, it is enough to have a small amount of necessary materials and standard tools for working with wood.

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Complex architectural forms

Is it possible to make such a gate for a person who has never done anything like this? We will say yes, if you adhere to a few conditions.

If you don't have detailed drawings of a complex gate, don't even try to make it yourself. And no one will make it for you without drawings. Develop a detailed drawing of the door and order all the complex curved shapes from the carpentry workshop.

This is especially true for milling work used to make slats, posts, and planks of complex profiles. It is quite possible to assemble a gate of complex shape from ready-made parts. To extend service life, the gates are first primed and then painted with several layers of enamels.

In the interval between drying layers of paint, it is sanded with sandpaper and coated with varnish.

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Accessories for gates

You will need to make a specification of all the parts and accessories so that you don’t forget anything during work (see).

You may find it useful at work:

Automatic latch
Manual latch
Latch with a ring
Two-way loop
Gate valve
Slip lock
Overlay loop

Finishing with paints, enamels, varnishes

A do-it-yourself wooden gate, made with love, will last a long time if you follow the technology when painting it (see also). Paints for finishing the gate must be taken for external work.

There are a great variety of paints, enamels and varnishes. But the painting technology is not complicated. All parts are treated with wood antiseptics and primed before painting.

It is better to take universal primers for wood and metal:

glypthal,
pentaphthalic,
for opaque coatings.

Tip: Do not confuse primers and paints, they must be the same type.

After priming, the gate is covered with two or three layers of paint and sanded.

If the gate is coated with varnish, the technology is excellent:

The best varnish for coating is yacht varnish. It's expensive, but worth it. A wooden gate made with your own hands will always please its creator when he passes through it.

How to make a wooden door durable? To do this, you need to know how to properly use primers, putties, solvents, and paints.

For reference: In order to avoid making mistakes, there are compatibility tables for paints and varnishes.

Anyone who wants to make wooden gates with their own hands to sell and make a profit must know the compatibility table of paints and varnishes by heart. If you have learned everything, you can end up with a very beautiful gate.

Coniferous woods are the most common, they are cheap and quite durable. But pine needles have disadvantages. It is soft and has resin passages and pockets. Do not use such boards for work. If resin does get onto the surface of the board, it must be removed with solvents.

Suitable for this:

petrol,
acetone,
ethanol,
soda ash,
caustic soda
potash.

After applying the chemical and letting it sit, it must be washed off with water. If the resin is not removed, marriage is inevitable.

Checking the measuring tool. Pay special attention to the square. It may not be rectangular. It needs to be checked.
Marking of parts. Always leave a larger seam allowance. Measure seven times and cut once.
Connecting elements. Always use galvanized screws, screws or ties. This will save you from rusty streaks in the future.

When choosing a fence for a site, most owners want it to perform several functions at once: to be presentable, practical, and economical. These requirements are fully met by wooden gates and fences that you can make yourself.

Wooden gates have been used for fencing a private home for a long time. They had a simple shape, but had such advantages as environmental friendliness, ease of installation, and affordable price. But there were many more shortcomings. Among them: fragility, the ability to quickly ignite, crack, rot, and low protective qualities.

But thanks to modern wood processing technologies, everything has changed. Now the material is impregnated with special agents that significantly increase the service life of the structure and its resistance to aggressive environmental factors.

The use of various machines, combinations with other materials, allows you to createbeautiful wooden gates, distinguished by their original shape and appearance. And the installation of a modern locking system significantly increases their protective properties..

Note: an entrance group made of natural wood can become an important element of landscape design. Made in a folk style, it will give the site a special flavor and make it stand out against the background of neighboring territories.

Material selection

Based on the material of manufacture, they are distinguished:

completely wooden, all elements of which consist of natural raw materials;
combined, created by combining several materials. The structure can be made of wood, the pillars can be made of brick or stone, and the frame can be made of metal.

The doors also differ in their design. Antique products look very colorful. They are large structures made from artificially aged solid wood and are often complemented by large metal fittings.

Carved wooden gates made in the traditional Russian style are in demand among consumers. Such openwork designs become a real decoration of the plots.

For those who prefer classics and conciseness, entrance groups in a rustic style, distinguished by their simplicity, are suitable. Wooden canvases with forging elements look more elegant. They can be decorated with flowers, figured elements and even family monograms made of metal.

Please note: the choice of a certain type of sash and design of the structure depends on the purpose of its installation and the characteristics of the site.

DIY decoration

Before making a wooden gate, you need to draw up a preliminary sketch of the structure. This will allow it to harmoniously fit into the surrounding landscape, purchase all the necessary materials, and plan the sequence of work. Also at this stage, the dimensions of the product and its configuration are determined, depending on the width of the existing opening.

To make the door itself from solid wood you will need:

wooden beams for the frame, boards for sheathing;
metal fittings (hinges, corners);
consumables (screws, bolts);
tools (drill, level, square, tape measure).

Installation of supports

According to the drawing of the wooden gate, the area for installation of the structure is marked. In the designated places, half-meter recesses are made for the pillars. The distance between them should slightly exceed the width of the sash.

A 5-centimeter dense sand layer is formed at the bottom of the pits. The ends of the beams, which will be deepened in the ground, are burned with a blowtorch, and then installed in the holes, leveled. The posts are covered with crushed stone and filled with concrete.

Frame construction

The panel must be supported by something, so at the next stage the frame of the wooden gate is made. Most often it has the shape of the letter Z or a rectangle with an additional crossbar in the middle. To construct it, the beams are laid out on a flat surface and then fastened with bolts. Additionally, the joints of the parts can be reinforced with a metal corner.

The finished frame is checked for evenness and fitted to the opening. It is fixed with supports and leveled. Having adjusted the position of the frame in the opening, hinges are attached to the pillars.

Please note: the height of the frame should be 5-10 cm shorter than the door leaf, so it will be invisible and will not deteriorate the appearance of the product. The optimal distance from the finished section to the ground is 3 cm.

Sheathing of the structure

Before you make a wooden gate with your own hands, you need to decide whether it will be solid or lattice. To form a solid canvas, the boards are nailed to the frame close to each other. To create a structure like a picket fence, a certain gap is left between the sheathing elements.

At the final stage of construction, a do-it-yourself wooden gate can be varnished or painted. This work is carried out only on dry wood. For slight tinting and manifestation of its natural structure of the raw material, stain is used. After it is absorbed, the wood is coated with varnish, which will protect the product from the negative effects of natural factors.

If the natural color and texture of the wood does not suit the owners of the site, they can paint the product. The color of a DIY gate can match the roof of the house or the fence of the area.

Important: after installing the entrance structure, it would be useful to install it on it. This can be a small latch or a full-fledged key lock. It will provide additional protection to the inhabitants of the site.

A wooden gate for a dacha or a private house will make the entrance to the site more neat, presentable, and will protect the territory from the entry of unauthorized persons. It can be executed in various versions, the simplest of which can be implemented on your own.

Any fence must have an entrance. Gates are made for the entry of cars, and wickets for the passage of people. They are made on a frame made of wood or metal, the filling is selected the same as in the fence or something original. If the entrance is between two brick walls, you can choose the filling to your liking. Moreover, making a gate with your own hands is not so difficult, at least there are some simple options.

Device

The gate consists of supporting pillars and a door leaf on a frame, which is attached to the pillars using hinges. The pillars can be brick (stone), wood or metal. When laying bricks, small pieces of thick metal or a thick metal rod are walled up into bricks, to which the frame is subsequently welded.

Unusual gates with a wooden frame and original filling

Metal poles are made from round or profiled pipes with thick walls. Round pipes are used less and less: it is more difficult to weld or attach anything to them. A profiled pipe with the same cross-section (diagonal compared to diameter) and wall thickness can withstand high wind loads; it is easier to weld or fasten to flat edges using self-tapping screws and bolts. Therefore, it is increasingly used when installing gates. Another option is to weld a metal corner to the frame made of a profile pipe. In this case, the filling will appear as if in a frame.

The construction of gates with wooden and metal frames is the same

Wooden posts are usually used if the fence is wooden. Most often, the pillars are pine beams treated with protective impregnations. They prevent (or slow down) the destruction of wood. But there are also cases when metal poles are installed, but the gate and fence are wooden. This is because wood in the ground quickly rots, even after protective treatment.

A little about the design of the support frame. It can simply be two pillars dug into the ground - this option is suitable if the soil is not prone to heaving (sand, sandy loam, fertile but not clayey soils).

The pillars began to move. If there are jumpers at the top and bottom (in this case you can make an arch at the top), the likelihood of such a problem will be much reduced

For heaving soils (clay, loams), it is desirable that the pillars be connected at the top and bottom. In this case, the likelihood of the gate skewing after winter is very small. If you do not want to make a threshold in the opening, the lower lintel can be lowered below ground level (by a bayonet and a half). It will need to be thoroughly coated with an anti-corrosion compound, primed, and painted in several layers. And to avoid distortion, you should bury the pillars below the freezing level by at least 15-20 cm.

The frame of the gate is made of metal pipes or wooden blocks. Wood is used for wooden fences, metal - in all other cases.

With a frame made of a profile pipe with corrugated sheets, metal...

Perhaps the most universal version of a gate is with a frame made of a profile pipe or a metal corner. You can attach any filling material to a metal base: wood, sheet metal, corrugated board, metal picket fence, flat slate, polycarbonate, chain-link mesh, metal rods, forged or bent elements... make a combination of several materials. There are a lot of options; if you want to make a gate, they usually mean a square pipe, and the design is chosen in the same style as the fence.

Frame made of profile pipe. Filling - cold forging and wood

Dimensions and materials

For a gate with a solid filling (wood, sheet metal, corrugated sheets, etc.), for the pillars take a profiled pipe with a cross-section of 60*60*3 mm. You can use thicker walls, but it’s better not to use thinner ones. For the frame, a rectangular pipe 40*20*2.5 mm is usually used. The strength of this pipe is sufficient for medium wind loads. For light wind loads, you can take a 2 mm wall, but it will be more difficult to weld. Anything thinner than 2.5-3 mm must be welded in a special mode, and this is far from easy. If the winds are stronger, you can either increase the wall thickness, or use a larger cross-section: 40*30 or 40*40, even 40*60.

Related article: Types and selection of dressing table with mirror for the bedroom

The height of a gate with an upper crossbar is usually about two meters, without a crossbar - from 1.2 m. Low ones are usually made in internal fences delimiting the site or in translucent low external fences. For solid high fences made of corrugated sheets, wood, or flat slate, the height at the fence level is more typical. The width of the gate is minimum 90 cm, optimal 100-110 cm.

It’s also worth talking about how deep to bury the pillars. Standard solution - 15-20 cm below the freezing depth. Based on this number and the height of the gate, the pillars are made.

Additional jibs increase rigidity

Using a drill, a hole is made in the ground, at the bottom of which a bucket of medium-fraction crushed stone is poured. Then the pole is installed, set vertically, covered with crushed stone (can be broken bricks and other construction waste), compacted, and filled with concrete mortar. When the solution has gained at least 50% strength (after 7 days at a temperature of +20°C), you can attach the frame to the posts. If you want to make a wicket right, do just that.

An example of self-production: photo report with explanations

The fence is made of corrugated sheets with brick pillars, and therefore the gate is made of corrugated sheets. Even during construction, metal plates were walled into the pillars, welded with a pipe in the middle. It was decided to make a gate with additional jibs - so that the corrugated sheet would be more rigidly fixed, and also to strengthen the area where the lock is attached. The lock is still old, replacement is possible.

Final result

We weld the frame of the gate using an inverter welding machine from a 40*20*3 mm profile pipe. We will install it “in place”, welding it to the mortgages. Cutting the blanks:

two crossbars with a length from one pillar to another (it turned out 108 cm),
two racks - 185 cm high.

We cook the frame

We do not weld the crossbars, but only “grab” them to the embedded plates so that they hold on. Literally two welding points per mounting location. Before welding the second side, check that the crossbar is horizontal. We lay down the building level, correct the position, then grab it. So, it turns out that there are two horizontal jumpers in the opening.

We attach the crossbars to the mortgages with two points

We weld vertical posts to the installed crossbars. They must be vertical - at the junction with the jumpers the angle is strictly 90°. We check during the connection process and adjust if necessary. Also: the seam must be good, strong, scald on all sides, along the perimeter of the pipe.

And on the other hand

The result was a frame attached to the pillars. We check the corners again, otherwise it may warp later and the gate will stop closing/opening.

We put the loops

Next is the most crucial moment - you need to weld the hinges. We took standard metal hinges for swing gates, which are abundant in any hardware store and on the market. They must be installed strictly vertically, and both on the same axis. Otherwise the gate will not open.

We weld the hinges.

Wicket with a frame made of profile pipe - design and dimensions

We weld the bottom hinge first, double-checking its verticality with a level many times. We try to install the second one on the same axis. First, we attach it to the embed, check it, and only then, if everything matches, carefully weld the seam. If everything is calculated correctly, the loop is adjacent to the frame pipe, so welding will not be difficult.

Related article: Interior doors made of oak: features of choice and variety of models

The hinge is welded to the gate

When the hinges are installed, remove the “tacks” that hold the gate. It magically now opens/closes. The next thing to do is weld the jibs. The work is simple: we cut pieces of pipe of the same length, apply them to the intended installation location, and mark with chalk how to cut. We take a grinder with a metal cutting blade, cut it, check it, if necessary, modify it (with a grinder or a file - depending on the size of the “jamb”). When the jib “has become”, we weld it.

It’s easy to weld the jibs

Similarly, we add reinforcement to the lock on the gate. To install the old metal lock at the top, it was necessary to weld a piece of corner, otherwise it would not be possible to secure it.

Making a gate also means welding a lock (it will look better when painted)

The last welding work - it is necessary to close the open sections of the pipes that are directed upwards and to the sides. If they are not closed, rainwater and snow will get into them, the pipes will begin to rust from the inside, which will accelerate the death of the frame. Welding at this stage is not necessary; you can seal it with silicone or find plastic covers of a suitable size.

Finishing work

We put an emery wheel on the angle grinder (grinder grinder) for metal, clean all welding points, removing rust, etc. By the way, it’s more convenient to do all this when the gate is in place. If you remove it, it will not be so convenient to work, you will have to turn it over, walk around it in circles...

Gate after priming

To prevent the frame of the gate from peeling for a long time, we will treat it with a rust converter, then with a primer. Next, you can attach the corrugated sheet. It needs to be cut to size and tried on.

And this is the final result: we decided to make a gate, we did it...

You will definitely have to cut somewhere to make everything open. Therefore, to begin with, we attach the cut sheet literally to four self-tapping screws - in the corners, make marks - where to cut what, remove it, cut it, try it on again. When you have achieved normal operation, you can fasten it “forever.”

Wooden gate for a summer residence

Fences at dachas rarely represent an impregnable barrier. Usually these are not too high wooden fences. For such a fence it makes sense to make a gate made of wood. There is a very simple one, no fuss. Only dry boards will be needed (provided that there are already pillars).

If you don’t have woodworking machines (thicknesser, router), it’s easier to buy an edged board with the required parameters. The width/thickness of the boards is arbitrary, as are the distances between the planks. Most often they use a pine board 6-10 cm wide and about 2 cm thick, the distance between the planks is 2-6 cm. More or less is possible - it depends on the desired degree of “transparency”.

One of the most common options

It is advisable to have dry boards. It’s unlikely that anyone will use a drying chamber, but aged for a couple of years or at least six months or a year (humidity about 25%) is already excellent. To prevent wood from deteriorating longer, it must be treated with protective impregnations. Now there are compounds that protect even wood that lies on the ground (protective impregnations for wood in direct contact with the ground). But some of them give the wood an extraneous tint (most often greenish, olive). If you are going to paint the gate, it's not a big deal. If you are planning to use a light varnish, pay attention to this point.

Simple garden gate

This is the simplest gate that an ordinary person, not a carpenter, can make. If you know how to saw, hold a hammer, and hammer nails, everything will work out. You don't have to do anything more complicated.