The Chinese Wall is an amazing structure that took almost 2000 years to build and is 4 thousand kilometers long! Such long-term construction is not bad... Traditionally it is believed that the Great Wall of China began to be built in the 3rd century BC. For protection from northern nomads. On this occasion N.A. Morozov wrote:
“One thought is that the famous Chinese Wall, from 6 to 7 meters high, and up to three thick, stretching for THREE THOUSAND KILOMETERS, began construction back in 246 BC by Emperor Chi Hoang Ti and WAS COMPLETED ONLY AFTER 1866 YEARS, BY 1620 AD, is so absurd that it can only cause annoyance to a serious historian-thinker.
After all, every large construction has a predetermined practical purpose... Who would have the idea of starting a huge construction that can only be completed in 2000 years, and until then will only be a useless burden for the population...
They will tell us that the wall has been repaired for two thousand years. Doubtful. It only makes sense to repair a building that is not very old, otherwise it will become hopelessly outdated and simply fall apart. This is what we are seeing, by the way, in Europe.
Old defensive walls were dismantled and new, more powerful ones were built in their place. For example, many military fortifications in Rus' were rebuilt in the 16th century.
But we are told that the Chinese Wall, as it was built, stood for TWO THOUSAND YEARS. They don’t say that “a modern wall was recently built on the site of an ancient one.”
No, they say that we see exactly the wall that was built two thousand years ago. In our opinion this is extremely strange, to say the least.
When and against whom was the wall built? We cannot answer for sure. This requires additional research. However, let us express the following thought.
The Great Wall of China was built primarily as a structure marking the BORDER between two countries: China and Russia.
It is doubtful that it was built as a military defensive structure. And it is unlikely that it has ever been used in this capacity. Defending a 4,000-kilometer wall from enemy attack is SPOILESS.
L.N. Gumilyov quite rightly wrote: “The wall stretched for 4 thousand km. Its height reached 10 meters, and watchtowers rose every 60-100 meters.
But when the work was completed, it turned out that all of China’s armed forces were not enough to organize an effective defense on the wall
In fact, if you place a small detachment on each tower, the enemy will destroy it before the neighbors have time to gather and send help.
If large detachments are spaced out less frequently, gaps will form through which the enemy can easily and unnoticed penetrate deep into the country. A FORTRESS WITHOUT DEFENDERS IS NOT A FORTRESS
How does our point of view differ from the traditional one? We are told that the Wall separated China from the nomads in order to secure the country from their raids. But as Gumilev correctly noted, such an explanation does not stand up to criticism.
If the nomads wanted to cross the Wall, they could easily do so. And more than once. And anywhere. We offer a completely different explanation.
We believe that the Wall was built primarily to MARK THE BORDER BETWEEN TWO STATES. And it was built when an agreement was reached on this border. Apparently in order to eliminate border disputes in the future.
And there probably were such disputes. Today, the parties to the agreement draw the border ON THE MAP (that is, on paper). And they think that this is enough.
And in the case of Russia and China, the Chinese, apparently, attached such importance to the agreement that they decided to immortalize it not only on paper, but also “on the ground,” by drawing the Wall along the agreed border.
This was more reliable and, as the Chinese thought, would eliminate border disputes for a long time. The length of the Wall itself speaks in favor of this assumption. Four, or one or two thousand kilometers is normal for the border between two states. But for a purely military structure it makes no sense. But the political border
China has changed many times over its supposedly more than two thousand-year history. This is what the historians themselves tell us. China united, then fell apart into separate regions, lost and gained some lands, etc.
On the one hand, this seems to make it difficult to verify our reconstruction. But on the other hand, on the contrary, we are given the opportunity not only to check it, but also to DATE the construction of the Wall.
If we manage to find a political-geographical map on which the BORDER OF CHINA WILL GO EXACTLY ALONG THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA, this will mean that EXACTLY AT THIS TIME THE WALL WAS BUILT.
Today the Chinese Wall is INSIDE China. Was there a time when it marked the BORDER OF THE COUNTRY? And when did this happen? It is clear that if it was being built as a BORDER WALL, then IT WOULD HAVE BEEN EXACTLY ALONG THE POLITICAL BORDER OF CHINA at that time.
This will allow us to date the construction of the Wall. Let's try to find a GEOGRAPHICAL MAP on which the Chinese Wall runs EXACTLY ALONG THE POLITICAL BORDER OF CHINA. It is important that SUCH CARDS EXIST. And there are many of them. These are maps of the 17th-18th centuries.
Let's take a map of Asia from the 18th century made by the Royal Academy in Amsterdam: . We took this map from a rare atlas of the 18th century.
On this map we find two states: Tartary - Tartarie and China - Chine. China's northern border runs approximately along the 40th parallel. THE CHINA WALL GOES EXACTLY ALONG THIS BORDER.
Moreover, on the map this Wall is MARKED as a thick line with the inscription Muraille de la Chine, that is, “the high wall of China” translated from French.
We see the same Chinese Wall, and with the same inscription on it, on another map of 1754 - Carte de l’Asie, which we took from a rare atlas of the 18th century. Here the Chinese Wall also roughly follows the border between China and Great Tartary, that is, Mongol-Tatary = Russia.
We see the same thing on another map of Asia in the 17th century, in the famous Blau atlas. The Chinese Wall runs exactly along the border of China, and only a small western section of the Wall is inside China.
Our idea is also supported by the fact that cartographers of the 18th century PLACED THE CHINESE WALL ON THE POLITICAL MAP OF THE WORLD.
Therefore, this Wall HAD THE MEANING OF A POLITICAL BORDER. After all, cartographers did not depict other “wonders of the world” on this map, for example, the Egyptian pyramids.
And they painted the Chinese Wall. The same Wall is depicted on the color map of the Qing Empire of the second half of the 17th-18th centuries in the academic 10-volume World History
This map shows the Great Wall in detail, with all its small curves in the terrain. Almost along its entire length it runs EXACTLY ALONG THE BORDER OF THE CHINESE EMPIRE, with the exception of the small westernmost section of the Wall, no more than 200 kilometers long. Apparently
THE GREAT WALL OF CHINA WAS BUILT IN THE 16th-17th CENTURIES AS A POLITICAL BORDER BETWEEN CHINA AND RUSSIA = “MONGOL-TATARIA”.
It is impossible to admit that the “ancient” Chinese had such an amazing gift of foresight that they accurately predicted exactly how the border between China and Russia would go in the 17th-18th centuries of the NEW ERA, that is, in two thousand years.
They may object to us: on the contrary, the border between Russia and China in the 17th century was drawn along the ancient Wall. However, in this case, the Wall would have to be mentioned in a written Russian-Chinese treaty. We found no such references.
When was the Wall = Border between Russia = “Mongol-Tataria” and China built? Apparently, it was in the 17th century. No wonder it is believed that its construction was “completed” only in 1620. And maybe even later. See below about this.
In this regard, we immediately remember that EXACTLY at this time there were BORDER WARS between Russia and China. Probably, only at the end of the 17th century they agreed on the border. And then they built a wall to FIX THE AGREEMENT.
Was this Wall before the 17th century? Apparently not. Scaligerian history tells us that China was conquered by the “MONGOLS” in the 13th century AD. e. More precisely, in 1279. And became part of the huge “Mongolian” = Great Empire.
According to the new chronology, the correct dating of this conquest is the end of the 14th century, that is, a hundred years later. In the Scaligerian history of China, this event was noted in the 14th century as the coming to power of the MING dynasty in 1368, that is, the SAME MONGOLS.
As we now understand, in the XIV-XVI centuries Rus' AND CHINA STILL CONSTITUTED ONE EMPIRE. Therefore, there was no need to build a Wall = Border.
Most likely, such a need arose after the unrest in Rus', the defeat of the Russian Horde dynasty and the seizure of power by the Romanovs. As you know, the Romanovs abruptly changed Russia’s political course, trying to subordinate the country to Western influence.
This pro-Western orientation of the new dynasty led to the collapse of the Empire. Türkiye separated, and heavy wars began with it. China also separated. And, in fact, control over a large part of America was lost. Relations between China and the Romanovs became tense, and border conflicts began. It was necessary to build a Wall, which was done.
Apparently, it is possible to even more accurately indicate the time of construction of the Great Wall of China. As we have already said, the Wall was apparently built as a border between China and Russia during the border disputes of the 17th century. ARMED COLLISIONS flared up from the middle of the 17th century. The wars went on with varying degrees of success. Descriptions of these wars were preserved in Khabarov’s notes.
The treaty FIXING THE NORTHERN BORDER OF CHINA WITH RUSSIA was concluded in 1689 in Nerchinsk. Perhaps there were earlier attempts to conclude a Russian-Chinese treaty.
It should be expected that the Chinese Wall was built between 1650 and 1689. This expectation is justified. It is known that the Emperor = Bogdykhan Kangxi “began the implementation of his plan to oust the RUSSIANS FROM AMUR.
HAVING BUILT A CHAIN OF FORTIFICATIONS IN MANZHURIA, Bogdykhan sent the Manzhur army to the Amur in 1684.” What kind of CHAIN OF FORTENTS did Bogdykhan build by 1684? He most likely built the Great Wall of China. That is, a CHAIN OF FORTIFIED TOWERS CONNECTED BY A WALL
It was suggested that in fact the “Chinese” wall was built for defense against the Chinese, who subsequently simply appropriated the achievements of other ancient civilizations. Here, to confirm our scientific correctness, it is enough to cite only one fact. THE LOOPS on a significant part of the wall ARE NOT DIRECTED TO THE NORTH, BUT TO THE SOUTH! And this is clearly visible not only in the most ancient, unreconstructed sections of the wall, but even in recent photographs and works of Chinese drawing.
Architecture and defensive structures on the territory of modern China
The “Chinese” wall is made similarly to European and Russian medieval walls, the main direction of action of which is protection from firearms. The construction of such structures began no earlier than the 15th century, when cannons and other siege weapons appeared on the battlefields. Before the 15th century, naturally, the so-called “northern nomads” did not have guns.
From the experience of constructing structures of this kind it follows: the “Chinese” wall was built as a military-defensive structure marking the border between two countries - China and Russia, after an agreement was reached on this border. And this can be confirmed by a map of the time when the border between Russia and China passed along the “Chinese” wall.
Today, the “Chinese” wall is located inside China and demonstrates the illegality of the presence of Chinese citizens in the territories located north of the wall.
The name of the "Chinese" wall
The 18th century map of Asia produced by the Royal Academy in Amsterdam shows two geographical formations: from the north - Tartarie, from the south - China (Chine), the northern border of which runs approximately along the 40th parallel, that is, exactly along "Chinese" wall. On this map, the wall is marked with a bold line and signed “Muraille de la Chine”, now often translated from French as “Chinese Wall”. However, literally we have the following: muraille “wall” in a nominal construction with the preposition de (noun + preposition de + noun) la Chine expresses the object and its accessory, that is, “the wall of China”.
But in other variants of the same construction we find different meanings of the phrase “Muraille de la Chine”. For example, if it denotes an object and its name, then we get the “wall of China” (similar, for example, to place de la Concorde - Place de la Concorde), that is, a wall built not by China, but named in its honor - the reason for its formation was the presence of a nearby wall of China. A clarification of this position is found in another version of the same construction, that is, if “Muraille de la Chine” denotes the action and the object to which it is directed, then it means “the wall (from) China.” We get the same thing with another translation option for the same construction - the object and its location (similarly, appartement de la rue de Grenelle - apartment on Grenelle Street), that is, “a wall (in the neighborhood) of China.” The cause-and-effect construction allows us to translate the phrase “Muraille de la Chine” literally as “wall from China” (similarly, for example, rouge de fièvre - red with heat, pâle de colère - pale with anger).
Compare, in an apartment or in a house we call the wall that separates us from our neighbors the neighbor’s wall, and the wall that separates us from the outside the outer wall. We have the same thing when naming borders: Finnish border, “on the Chinese border,” “on the Lithuanian border.” And all these borders were built not by the states after which they are named, but by the state (Russia) that defends itself from the named states. In this case, the adjectives indicate only the geographical location of Russian borders.
Thus, the phrase “Muraille de la Chine” should be translated as “wall from China”, “wall delimiting from China”.
Images of the "Chinese" wall on maps
Cartographers of the 18th century depicted on maps only those objects that were related to the political delimitation of countries. On the mentioned map of Asia from the 18th century, the border between Tartarie and China runs along the 40th parallel, that is, exactly along the “Chinese” wall. On the 1754 map “Carte de l’Asie” the “Chinese” wall also runs along the border between Great Tartary and China. The academic 10-volume World History presents a map of the Qing Empire of the second half of the 17th - 18th centuries, which depicts in detail the “Chinese” wall, running exactly along the border between Russia and China.
Time of construction of the "Chinese" wall
According to Chinese scientists, the construction of the Great Wall of China began in 246 BC. Emperor Chi Hoang Ti. The height of the wall is from 6 to 7 meters.
Sections of the "Chinese" wall, built at different times
L.N. Gumilyov wrote: “The wall stretched for 4 thousand km. Its height reached 10 meters, and every 60 – 100 meters there were watchtowers.” The purpose of its construction is protection from northern nomads. However, the wall was built only by 1620 AD, that is, after 1866 years, clearly overdue for the purpose stated at the start of construction.
From European experience it is known that ancient walls, more than several hundred years old, are not repaired, but rebuilt - due to the fact that both the materials and the building itself become tired over a longer period of time and simply fall apart. Thus, many military fortifications in Rus' were rebuilt in the 16th century. But representatives of China continue to claim that the “Chinese” wall was built exactly 2000 years ago and now appears before us in its original form.
L.N. Gumilev also wrote:
“When the work was completed, it turned out that all of China’s armed forces were not enough to organize an effective defense on the wall. In fact, if you place a small detachment on each tower, the enemy will destroy it before the neighbors have time to gather and send help. If large detachments are spaced out less frequently, gaps will form through which the enemy can easily and unnoticed penetrate deep into the country. A fortress without defenders is not a fortress.”
But let's use Chinese dating and see who built different sections of the wall and against whom.
Early Iron Age
It is extremely interesting to trace the stages of construction of the “Chinese” wall, based on data from Chinese scientists. It is clear from them that the Chinese scientists who call the wall “Chinese” are not very concerned about the fact that the Chinese people themselves did not take any part in its construction: every time another section of the wall was built, the Chinese state was far from the construction sites.
So, the first and main part of the wall was built in the period from 445 BC. to 222 BC It runs along 41° - 42° northern latitude and at the same time along some sections of the river. Yellow River.
At this time, naturally, there were no Mongol-Tatars. Moreover, the first unification of peoples within China took place only in 221 BC. under the kingdom of Qin. And before that there was the Zhanguo period (5th – 3rd centuries BC), in which eight states existed on Chinese territory. Only in the middle of the 4th century. BC. The Qin began to fight against other kingdoms and by 221 BC. e. conquered some of them.
Sections of the “Chinese” wall at the beginning of the creation of the Qin state
Sections of the “Chinese” wall at the beginning of the creation of the Qin state (by 222 BC).
The figure shows that the western and northern border of the Qin state by 221 BC. began to coincide with that section of the “Chinese” wall, which began to be built back in 445 BC. and was built precisely in 222 BC.
Thus, we see that this section of the “Chinese” wall was built not by the Chinese of the Qin state, but by its northern neighbors, but precisely from the Chinese spreading to the north. In just 5 years - from 221 to 206. BC. - a wall was built along the entire border of the Qin state, which stopped the spread of its subjects to the north and west. In addition, at the same time, 100 - 200 km west and north of the first, a second line of defense against Qin was built - the second “Chinese” wall of this period.
Sections of the "Chinese" wall during the Han era
Sections of the "Chinese" wall during the Han era (206 BC - 220 AD).
The next period of construction covers the time from 206 BC. to 220 AD During this period, sections of the wall were built, located 500 km west and 100 km north of the previous ones.
Early Middle Ages
In 386 - 535 17 non-Chinese kingdoms that existed in northern China united into one state - Northern Wei.
Through their efforts, and precisely during this period, the next part of the wall was erected (386 - 576), one part of which was built along the previous section (probably destroyed over time), and the second part - 50 - 100 km to the south - along the border with China.
Advanced Middle Ages
In the period from 618 to 907. China was ruled by the Tang dynasty, which did not mark itself with victories over its northern neighbors.
Sections of the “Chinese” wall at the beginning of the Tang dynasty
Sections of the “Chinese” wall, built at the beginning of the Tang dynasty.
In the next period, from 960 to 1279. The Song Empire established itself in China. At this time, China lost dominance over its vassals in the west, in the northeast (on the Korean Peninsula) and in the south - in northern Vietnam. The Song Empire lost a significant part of the territories of the Chinese proper in the north and northwest, which went to the Khitan state of Liao (part of the modern provinces of Hebei and Shanxi), the Tangut kingdom of Xi-Xia (part of the territories of the modern province of Shaanxi, the entire territory of the modern province of Gansu and Ningxia-Hui autonomous region).
Sections of the "Chinese" wall during the reign of the Song Dynasty
Sections of the "Chinese" wall, built during the reign of the Song Dynasty.
In 1125, the border between the non-Chinese Jurchen kingdom and China ran along the river. Huaihe is 500 - 700 km south of the site where the wall was built. And in 1141, a peace treaty was signed, according to which the Chinese Song Empire recognized itself as a vassal of the non-Chinese state of Jin, pledging to pay it a large tribute.
However, for now China itself huddled south of the river. Hunahe, 2100 - 2500 km north of its borders, another section of the “Chinese” wall was erected. This part of the wall, built from 1066 to 1234, runs through Russian territory north of the village of Borzya next to the river. Argun. At the same time, 1500 - 2000 km north of China, another section of the wall was built, located along the Greater Khingan.
Late Middle Ages
The next section of the wall was built between 1366 and 1644. It runs along the 40th parallel from Andong (40°), just north of Beijing (40°), through Yinchuan (39°) to Dunhuang and Anxi (40°) in the west. This section of the wall is the last, the southernmost and the deepest penetrating into Chinese territory.
Sections of the "Chinese" Wall built during the Ming Dynasty
Sections of the "Chinese" wall, built during the reign of the Ming dynasty.
China was ruled by the Ming Dynasty (1368 – 1644) at this time. At the beginning of the 15th century, this dynasty pursued not a defensive policy, but external expansion. For example, in 1407, Chinese troops captured Vietnam, that is, territories located outside the eastern section of the “Chinese” wall, built in 1368 - 1644. In 1618, Russia managed to agree with China on the border (mission of I. Petlin).
At the time of the construction of this section of the wall, the entire Amur region belonged to Russian territories. By the middle of the 17th century, Russian fortresses (Albazinsky, Kumarsky, etc.), peasant settlements and arable lands already existed on both banks of the Amur. In 1656, the Daurian (later Albazinsky) voivodeship was formed, which included the valley of the Upper and Middle Amur on both banks.
On the Chinese side, the Qing dynasty began to rule in China in 1644. In the 17th century, the border of the Qing Empire ran just north of the Liaodong Peninsula, that is, exactly along this section of the “Chinese” wall (1366 - 1644).
In the 1650s and later, the Qing Empire attempted to seize Russian possessions in the Amur basin by military force. Christians also supported China. China demanded not only the entire Amur region, but all the lands east of the Lena. As a result, according to the Treaty of Nerchinsk (1689), Russia was forced to cede its possessions along the right bank of the river to the Qing Empire. Argun and on parts of the left and right banks of the Amur.
Thus, during the construction of the last section of the “Chinese” wall (1368 – 1644), it was the Chinese side (Ming and Qing) that waged wars of conquest against Russian lands. Therefore, Russia was forced to wage defensive border wars with China (see S.M. Solovyov, “History of Russia since ancient times,” volume 12, chapter 5).
The “Chinese” wall, built by the Russians in 1644, ran exactly along the Russian border with Qing China. In the 1650s, Qing China invaded Russian lands to a depth of 1,500 km, which was secured by the Aigun (1858) and Beijing (1860) treaties.
conclusions
The name "Chinese" wall means "wall demarcating from China" (similar to the Chinese border, Finnish border, etc.).
At the same time, the origin of the word “China” itself comes from the Russian “whale” - a string of poles that were used in the construction of fortifications; Thus, the name of the Moscow district “China City” was given in a similar way back in the 16th century (that is, before the official knowledge of China), the building itself consisted of a stone wall with 13 towers and 6 gates;
The construction time of the “Chinese” wall is divided into several stages, in which:
The non-Chinese began building the first section in 445 BC, and having built it by 221 BC, they stopped the advance of the Qin Chinese to the north and west;
The second section was built by non-Chinese from Northern Wei between 386 and 576;
The third section was built by non-Chinese between 1066 and 1234. two rapids: one at 2100 - 2500 km, and the second at 1500 - 2000 km north of the borders of China, passing at that time along the river. Yellow River;
The fourth and final section was built by the Russians between 1366 and 1644. along the 40th parallel - the southernmost section - it represented the border between Russia and China of the Qing Dynasty.
In the 1650s and later, the Qing Empire captured Russian possessions in the Amur basin. The “Chinese” wall ended up inside Chinese territory.
All of the above is confirmed by the fact that the loopholes of the “Chinese” wall face the south – that is, the Chinese.
The “Chinese” wall was built by Russian settlers on the Amur and in Northern China to protect against the Chinese.
Old Russian style in the architecture of the Chinese Wall
In 2008, at the First International Congress “Pre-Cyrillic Slavic Writing and Pre-Christian Slavic Culture” at Leningrad State University named after A.S. Pushkin (St. Petersburg) a report was made “China - the younger brother of Rus'”, in which fragments of Neolithic ceramics from the territory of the eastern part of Northern China were presented. It turned out that the signs depicted on the ceramics have nothing in common with the Chinese “hieroglyphs”, but show an almost complete coincidence with the Old Russian runic - up to 80% [Tyunyaev, 2008].
Another article - “In the Neolithic, Northern China was inhabited by Russians” - based on the latest archaeological data, it is shown that in the Neolithic and Bronze Ages, the population of the western part of Northern China was not Mongoloid, but Caucasian. These geneticists made a clarification: this population was of Old Russian origin and had the Old Russian haplogroup R1a1 [Tyunyaev, 2010a]. Mythological data says that the movements of the ancient Rus in the eastern direction were led by Bogumir and Slavunya and their son Skif [Tyunyaev, 2010]. These events are reflected in the Book of Veles, whose people in the 1st millennium BC. partially went to the west [Tyunyaev, 2010b].
In the work “The Chinese Wall - the Great Barrage from the Chinese,” we came to the conclusion that all sections of the Chinese Wall were not built by the Chinese, since the Chinese were simply not present in the places where the wall was built at the time of construction. In addition, the last section of the wall was most likely built by the Russians between 1366 and 1644. along the 40th parallel. This is the southernmost section. And it represented the official border between Russia and China under the control of the Qing dynasty. That is why the name “Chinese Wall” literally means “wall demarcating from China” and has the same meaning as “Chinese border”, “Finnish border”, etc.
http://www.organizmica.org/arc…
A comparison of these two streams may indicate that there were two massive civilizations of antiquity: northern and southern. The Kremlins and the Chinese Wall were built by the northern civilization. The fact that the walls of the structures of the northern civilization are better suited for combat indicates that in most cases the aggressors were representatives of the southern civilization.
On November 7, 2006, an article by V.I. was published in the journal Organizmica. Semeiko “The Great Wall of China was built... not by the Chinese!”, in which the President of the Academy of Basic Sciences Andrei Aleksandrovich Tyunyaev expressed his thoughts about the non-Chinese origin of the “Chinese” wall:
– As you know, to the north of the territory of modern China there was another, much more ancient civilization. This has been repeatedly confirmed by archaeological discoveries made, in particular, in Eastern Siberia. The impressive evidence of this civilization, comparable to Arkaim in the Urals, not only has not yet been studied and comprehended by world historical science, but has not even received proper assessment in Russia itself. As for the so-called “Chinese” wall, it is not entirely legitimate to talk about it as an achievement of ancient Chinese civilization.
Here, to confirm our scientific correctness, it is enough to cite only one fact. THE LOOPS on a significant part of the wall ARE NOT DIRECTED TO THE NORTH, BUT TO THE SOUTH! And this is clearly visible not only in the most ancient, unreconstructed sections of the wall, but even in recent photographs and works of Chinese drawings. It has also been suggested that in fact the “Chinese” wall was built for defense against the Chinese, who subsequently they simply appropriated the achievements of other ancient civilizations.
After the publication of this article, its data was used by many media outlets. In particular, on November 22, 2006, Ivan Koltsov published the article “History of the Fatherland. Rus' began in Siberia,” in which he spoke about the discovery made by researchers from the Academy of Basic Sciences. After this, interest in reality in relation to the “Chinese” wall grew significantly.
Literature:
Solovyov, 1879. Solovyov S.M., History of Russia since ancient times, volume 12, chapter 5. 1851 - 1879.
Tyunyaev, 2008.
Tyunyaev, 2010. Tyunyaev A.A. Ancient Rus', Svarog and Svarog’s grandchildren // Studies of ancient Russian mythology. – M.: 2010.
Tyunyaev, 2010a. Tyunyaev. In the Neolithic, Northern China was inhabited by Russians.
Tyunyaev, 2010b. About the journey of the people of VK.
The Chinese Wall is a great barrier against the Chinese, built by the Russians...
DEMAND CHINESE TOUR OPERATORS TO TRAVEL IN THE GREAT CREATION OF NON-CHINESE! AND THEY WILL SHOW YOU, BUT WHAT?..
Who built the wall and why?
Since articles on the topic “Is the history being presented to us the right one?” have begun to appear here with noticeable regularity, I consider it necessary to speculate on the topic of who built the Great Wall of China.
The Chinese are very proud of the Great Wall of China and will be happy to tell and show you this landmark. Only bad luck, they will only show that part, a small branch, which has recently been restored, but all other parts of the wall have been destroyed almost to the foundation or are in the process of destruction, but the Chinese will keep silent about it.
A wall destroyed by time in Longkou County 
Remains of a destroyed wall. 
Section of the Wall west of Yinchuan Urban District 
180 km north of Beijing. Unlike most other areas around the capital that have been restored for tourism, this part of the Wall, built around 1368, has been left in its original condition. Many scientists are skeptical about the myth about the wall, that it has been in this form for 2000 years and they are right, the wall has long crumbled, and for tourists it is just a reconstruction.
Tourist part According to the official historical version, the Great Wall began to be built in the 3rd century BC in order to protect the country from attacks by nomadic peoples.
But the fact is that the name Great Wall of China refers to at least three projects built in different historical eras. The wall is not homogeneous; all three projects that make it up are scattered at different distances from each other and have many branches; in total, the total length of the different parts of the wall is at least 13 thousand km.
And no one is bothered by the fact that between these three projects there are huge gaps through which the nomads, from whose raids, according to official history, the wall was built, could easily enter and exit China without paying any attention to any walls there.
So the Chinese excuse about nomads and barbarians does not find proper confirmation.
At the time of the construction of these walls, China did not have the required amount of military forces; it was unrealistic not only to defend itself, but also to simply control the entire wall along its entire length.
And here is another confirmation that the wall was most likely built for any, perhaps even fantastic, purpose, but not for defense: if you look closely, you can see that the wall branches, forming some completely meaningless loops and branches. Moreover, it was not built in a straight line, but along some kind of winding trajectory. And the features of the relief have nothing to do with it, because even in flat areas the wall “winds”. How can such construction be explained?
restored part of the wall 
Restored wall fragment So it turns out that there are many hypotheses and guesses surrounding the construction of the Chinese wall. Now I will tell you about some of them.
Or maybe it wasn’t the Chinese who built it?
In 2006, the President of the Academy of Basic Sciences, Andrei Aleksandrovich Tyunyaev, in his article “The Great Wall of China was built... not by the Chinese!” put forward the assumption that it is the creation not of the Chinese, but of their northern neighbors. Let's return to the story about Tartary, by following the link you can see that until the middle of the 18th century, the current northern part of China was part of Tartary, or more precisely, it belonged to the Slavs living in this territory. Please note that the border of Tartaria ends exactly at the place where the Chinese wall is located. To prove this, I provide you with a map below, on which not only is there a border between China and Tartaria, but the wall itself is also shown (the map can be enlarged).
It turns out that the Chinese appropriated the achievement of another civilization and changed the purpose of the wall in history: initially the wall was a defense of the north from the Chinese, and not vice versa as they now say. Proof of this can be seen in the loopholes, which are directed towards China, and not towards the north. China couldn’t build a wall and direct the loopholes onto its own territory - it’s not logical. Ancient loopholes aimed at China can be seen in ancient Chinese drawings, in old photographs and on the wall itself, but only in parts that are not modernized and not intended for tourists. According to Tyunyaev, the last sections of the Great Wall of China were built similarly to Russian fortifications, the main task of which was protection from the impact of guns. The construction of such fortifications began no earlier than the 15th century, when cannons became widespread on the battlefields.
To prove his hypothesis, Tyunyaev cites the following facts.
The architectural style of the Great Wall of China very clearly showed the handwriting of its creator. The same features of the elements of walls and towers can only be found in the architecture of ancient Russian defensive structures in the central regions of Russia.
For example, compare two towers - from the Chinese Wall and from the Novgorod Kremlin. The shape of the towers is the same: a rectangle, slightly narrowed at the top. From the wall there is an entrance leading into both towers, covered with a round arch made of the same brick as the wall with the tower.
Novgorod Kremlin 
Round arch in the Chinese Wall Each of the towers has two upper “working” floors. On the first floor of both towers there are round-arched windows. The number of windows on the first floor of both towers is 3 on one side and 4 on the other. The height of the windows is approximately the same - about 130–160 centimeters.
There are loopholes on the top (second) floor. They are made in the form of rectangular narrow grooves approximately 35–45 cm wide. The number of such loopholes in the Chinese tower is 3 deep and 4 wide, and in the Novgorod one - 4 deep and 5 wide.
On the top floor of the “Chinese” tower there are square holes along its very edge. There are similar holes in the Novgorod tower, and the ends of the rafters sticking out of them, on which the wooden roof is supported.
The situation is the same in comparing the Chinese tower and the tower of the Tula Kremlin. The Chinese and Tula towers have the same number of loopholes in width - there are 4 of them. And the same number of arched openings - 4 each. On the upper floor between the large loopholes there are small ones - in the Chinese and in the Tula towers. The shape of the towers is still the same. The Tula tower, like the Chinese one, uses white stone. The vaults are made in the same way: at the Tula one there are gates, at the “Chinese” one there are entrances.
Tula Kremlin For comparison, you can also use the Russian towers of the Nikolsky Gate (Smolensk) and the northern fortress wall of the Nikitsky Monastery (Pereslavl-Zalessky, 16th century), as well as the tower in Suzdal (mid-17th century). Conclusion: the design features of the towers of the Chinese Wall reveal almost exact analogies among the towers of Russian Kremlins.
Nikolskie Gate, Smolensk Moreover, the fact that quite recently Chinese archaeologists found ancient Slavic burials in the north, almost near the wall itself, may confirm that the construction of the wall was most likely done by the inhabitants of the north, and not by the Chinese.
Second hypothesis. Why was the wall built?
A. Galanin, a famous botanist, suggested that the wall was built not only for the purpose of defense. This researcher believes that the Great Wall of China was built to protect the Ala Shan and Ordos deserts from sandstorms. He noticed that on the map compiled at the beginning of the twentieth century by the Russian traveler P. Kozlov, one can see how the Wall runs along the border of shifting sands, and in some places it has significant branches. But it was near the deserts that researchers and archaeologists discovered several parallel walls. Galanin explains this phenomenon very simply: when one wall was covered with sand, another was built. The researcher does not deny the military purpose of the Wall in its eastern part, but the western part of the Wall, in his opinion, served the function of protecting agricultural areas from natural disasters.
This hypothesis can also explain the presence of a wall on the territory of Mongolia and most recently found by British researchers.
There are other hypotheses for building the wall, some are even very fantastic and are still hard to believe. But who knows where exactly the truth is hidden. For now, I have limited myself to only these two hypotheses and will be glad if you express your point of view.
Destroyed parts of the Great Wall of China.
History hid the real creators of the Great Wall of China for many years. Find out about them today!
Some architectural structures inspire horror and awe of ancient civilizations at the same time. For example, the Great Wall of China, the construction of which began in the 3rd century BC. and finally completed in 1644. Scientists are still arguing about the purpose of the largest ancient monument in Asia. A few years ago, the craziest of theories unexpectedly received historical confirmation. It turns out that the Chinese arrogated to themselves the right to be called the builders of the Great Wall of China, taking it away from the ancient Slavs.
Why is the official version of building a wall unviable?
The generally accepted view, which can still be found in any history textbook, states that the first sections of the wall were built in 475-221 BC. It took at least a million people to build a reliable fortification from stone blocks. After the Qin dynasty came to power, the stone was partially replaced by adobe structures: each new ruler completed, modified and connected new sections of the wall. The main stage of construction, according to classical history, took at least 10-20 years. Tens of thousands of people died from starvation, poor sanitation and epidemics of viral diseases. From 1366 to 1644, the Ming Dynasty repaired the collapsed sections of the wall, replacing them with more inexpensive bricks.
The historians themselves have proven only the last fact, because the clerks of the Chinese Ming emperors kept records of the materials spent during construction. The rest of the legend about the creation of the Great Wall of China looks like nothing more than a beautiful myth created to intimidate the enemies of a powerful country. At the time of construction, such a large number of people could not live in this area that would meet the needs of a large-scale construction.
The architecture of the wall is similar to the fortifications of Europe and Slavic siege walls - but the Chinese builders could not have known about the technology of their creation. And if earlier this assumption looked like just another version, today you can find more than one significant evidence for it.
The real story of the Great Wall of China, which was hidden for many centuries
For the first time, the assumption that the wall was not built by the Chinese, but by someone else, was expressed in several scientific journals at once in 2011. One of them included a comment from the President of the Academy of Basic Sciences A.A. Tyunyaev, who shared his thoughts about the true origin of the creators of the architectural monument:
“As you know, to the north of the territory of modern China there was another, much more ancient civilization. This has been repeatedly confirmed by archaeological discoveries made, in particular, in Eastern Siberia. The impressive evidence of this civilization, comparable to Arkaim in the Urals, not only has not yet been studied and comprehended by world historical science, but has not even received proper assessment in Russia itself. As for the so-called Chinese wall, it is not entirely legitimate to talk about it as an achievement of ancient Chinese civilization. Here, to confirm our scientific correctness, it is enough to cite only one fact.”
What fact does a competent scientist speak about, whose words can definitely be trusted? He considers the loopholes located along the entire perimeter of the fence to be proof that the Chinese cannot be called the creators of the wall. They are directed not to the north, but to the south, that is, towards China! This means that a certain people built a fence and placed weapons in it against the Chinese, and not to protect this people.
Here it would be logical to explain who defended against China with the help of the Great Wall. During excavations among the stones at its base, vessels with scrolls and clay tablets decorated with writings and drawings were found. Experts in deciphering Chinese characters spent more than one month working on these signs, but could not understand what even one of them meant.
The writings turned out to be Slavic - they can also be found on some maps of China, which indicate that there were Rus behind the wall. The Rus were the name given to the Eastern Slavs, whose burial mounds were found not only in central and southern Russia and Ukraine, but also near the Great Wall of China. Will the Chinese one day be able to admit to the greatest hoax in their country's history?