What is diode lighting: characteristics of LEDs and their areas of application. Types and types of LEDs: classification, characteristics, purpose Types of LEDs and their characteristics

The times when LEDs were used only as indicators for turning on devices are long gone. Modern LED devices can completely replace incandescent lamps in household, industrial and. This is facilitated by the various characteristics of LEDs, knowing which you can choose the right LED analogue. The use of LEDs, given their basic parameters, opens up a wealth of possibilities in the field of lighting.

A light-emitting diode (denoted as LED, LED, LED in English) is a device based on an artificial semiconductor crystal. When an electric current is passed through it, the phenomenon of emission of photons is created, which leads to a glow. This glow has a very narrow spectral range, and its color depends on the semiconductor material.

LEDs with red and yellow emission are made from inorganic semiconductor materials based on gallium arsenide, green and blue ones are made on the basis of indium gallium nitride. To increase the brightness of the luminous flux, various additives are used or the multilayer method is used, when a layer of pure aluminum nitride is placed between semiconductors. As a result of the formation of several electron-hole (p-n) transitions in one crystal, the brightness of its glow increases.

There are two types of LEDs: for indication and lighting. The former are used to indicate the inclusion of various devices in the network, and also as sources of decorative lighting. They are colored diodes placed in a translucent case, each of them has four terminals. Devices emitting infrared light are used in devices for remote control of devices (remote control).

In the lighting area, LEDs are used that emit white light. LEDs are classified by color into cool white, neutral white and warm white. There is a classification of LEDs used for lighting according to the installation method. The SMD LED designation means that the device consists of an aluminum or copper substrate on which the diode crystal is placed. The substrate itself is located in a housing, the contacts of which are connected to the contacts of the LED.

Another type of LED is designated OCB. In such a device, many crystals coated with phosphor are placed on one board. Thanks to this design, a high brightness of the glow is achieved. This technology is used in production with a large luminous flux in a relatively small area. In turn, this makes the production of LED lamps the most accessible and inexpensive.

Note! Comparing lamps based on SMD and COB LEDs, it can be noted that the former can be repaired by replacing a failed LED. If a COB LED lamp does not work, you will have to change the entire board with diodes.

LED characteristics

When choosing a suitable LED lamp for lighting, you should take into account the parameters of the LEDs. These include supply voltage, power, operating current, efficiency (luminous output), glow temperature (color), radiation angle, dimensions, degradation period. Knowing the basic parameters, it will be possible to easily select devices to obtain a particular illumination result.

LED current consumption

As a rule, a current of 0.02A is provided for conventional LEDs. However, there are LEDs rated at 0.08A. These LEDs include more powerful devices, the design of which involves four crystals. They are located in one building. Since each of the crystals consumes 0.02A, in total one device will consume 0.08A.

The stability of LED devices depends on the current value. Even a slight increase in current helps to reduce the radiation intensity (aging) of the crystal and increase the color temperature. This ultimately leads to the LEDs turning blue and failing prematurely. And if the current increases significantly, the LED immediately burns out.

To limit the current consumption, the designs of LED lamps and luminaires include current stabilizers for LEDs (drivers). They convert the current, bringing it to the value required by the LEDs. In the case when you need to connect a separate LED to the network, you need to use current-limiting resistors. The resistor resistance for an LED is calculated taking into account its specific characteristics.

Helpful advice! To choose the right resistor, you can use the LED resistor calculator available on the Internet.

LED voltage

How to find out the LED voltage? The fact is that LEDs do not have a supply voltage parameter as such. Instead, the voltage drop characteristic of the LED is used, which means the amount of voltage the LED outputs when the rated current passes through it. The voltage value indicated on the packaging reflects the voltage drop. Knowing this value, you can determine the voltage remaining on the crystal. It is this value that is taken into account in the calculations.

Given the use of various semiconductors for LEDs, the voltage for each of them may be different. How to find out how many volts an LED is? You can determine it by the color of the devices. For example, for blue, green and white crystals the voltage is about 3V, for yellow and red crystals it is from 1.8 to 2.4V.

When using a parallel connection of LEDs of identical ratings with a voltage value of 2V, you may encounter the following: as a result of variations in parameters, some emitting diodes will fail (burn out), while others will glow very faintly. This will happen due to the fact that when the voltage increases even by 0.1V, the current passing through the LED increases by 1.5 times. Therefore, it is so important to ensure that the current matches the LED rating.

Light output, beam angle and LED power

The luminous flux of diodes is compared with other light sources, taking into account the strength of the radiation they emit. Devices measuring about 5 mm in diameter produce from 1 to 5 lumens of light. While the luminous flux of a 100W incandescent lamp is 1000 lm. But when comparing, it is necessary to take into account that a regular lamp has diffused light, while an LED has directional light. Therefore, the dispersion angle of the LEDs must be taken into account.

The scattering angle of different LEDs can range from 20 to 120 degrees. When illuminated, LEDs produce brighter light in the center and reduce illumination towards the edges of the dispersion angle. Thus, LEDs illuminate a specific space better while using less power. However, if it is necessary to increase the illumination area, diverging lenses are used in the design of the lamp.

How to determine the power of LEDs? To determine the power of an LED lamp required to replace an incandescent lamp, it is necessary to apply a coefficient of 8. Thus, you can replace a conventional 100W lamp with an LED device with a power of at least 12.5W (100W/8). For convenience, you can use the data from the table of correspondence between the power of incandescent lamps and LED light sources:

Incandescent lamp power, W	Corresponding power of LED lamp, W
100	12-12,5
75	10
60	7,5-8
40	5
25	3

When using LEDs for lighting, the efficiency indicator is very important, which is determined by the ratio of luminous flux (lm) to power (W). Comparing these parameters for different light sources, we find that the efficiency of an incandescent lamp is 10-12 lm/W, a fluorescent lamp is 35-40 lm/W, and an LED lamp is 130-140 lm/W.

Color temperature of LED sources

One of the important parameters of LED sources is the glow temperature. The units of measurement for this quantity are degrees Kelvin (K). It should be noted that all light sources are divided into three classes according to their glow temperature, among which warm white has a color temperature of less than 3300 K, daylight white - from 3300 to 5300 K, and cool white over 5300 K.

Note! The comfortable perception of LED radiation by the human eye directly depends on the color temperature of the LED source.

The color temperature is usually indicated on the labeling of LED lamps. It is designated by a four-digit number and the letter K. The choice of LED lamps with a certain color temperature directly depends on the characteristics of its use for lighting. The table below displays options for using LED sources with different glow temperatures:

LED color		Color temperature, K	Lighting Use Cases
White	Warm	2700-3500	Lighting for domestic and office premises as the most suitable analogue of an incandescent lamp
	Neutral (daytime)	3500-5300	The excellent color rendition of such lamps allows them to be used for lighting workplaces in production.
	Cold	over 5300	Mainly used for street lighting, and also used in hand-held lanterns
Red		1800	As a source of decorative and phyto-lighting
Green		-
Yellow		3300	Lighting design of interiors
Blue		7500	Illumination of surfaces in the interior, phyto-lighting

The wave nature of color allows the color temperature of LEDs to be expressed using wavelength. The marking of some LED devices reflects the color temperature precisely in the form of an interval of different wavelengths. The wavelength is designated λ and is measured in nanometers (nm).

Standard sizes of SMD LEDs and their characteristics

Considering the size of SMD LEDs, devices are classified into groups with different characteristics. The most popular LEDs with standard sizes are 3528, 5050, 5730, 2835, 3014 and 5630. The characteristics of SMD LEDs vary depending on the size. Thus, different types of SMD LEDs differ in brightness, color temperature, and power. In LED markings, the first two digits indicate the length and width of the device.

Basic parameters of SMD 2835 LEDs

The main characteristics of SMD LEDs 2835 include an increased radiation area. Compared to the SMD 3528 device, which has a round working surface, the SMD 2835 radiation area has a rectangular shape, which contributes to greater light output with a smaller element height (about 0.8 mm). The luminous flux of such a device is 50 lm.

The SMD 2835 LED housing is made of heat-resistant polymer and can withstand temperatures up to 240°C. It should be noted that the radiation degradation in these elements is less than 5% over 3000 hours of operation. In addition, the device has a fairly low thermal resistance of the crystal-substrate junction (4 C/W). The maximum operating current is 0.18A, the crystal temperature is 130°C.

Based on the color of the glow, there are warm white with a glow temperature of 4000 K, daytime white - 4800 K, pure white - from 5000 to 5800 K and cool white with a color temperature of 6500-7500 K. It is worth noting that the maximum luminous flux is for devices with cool white glow, the minimum is for warm white LEDs. The design of the device has enlarged contact pads, which promotes better heat dissipation.

Helpful advice! SMD 2835 LEDs can be used for any type of installation.

Characteristics of SMD 5050 LEDs

The SMD 5050 housing design contains three LEDs of the same type. LED sources of blue, red and green colors have technical characteristics similar to SMD 3528 crystals. The operating current of each of the three LEDs is 0.02A, therefore the total current of the entire device is 0.06A. To ensure that the LEDs do not fail, it is recommended not to exceed this value.

LED devices SMD 5050 have a forward voltage of 3-3.3V and a light output (mains flux) of 18-21 lm. The power of one LED is the sum of three power values of each crystal (0.7 W) and amounts to 0.21 W. The color of the glow emitted by the devices can be white in all shades, green, blue, yellow and multi-colored.

The close arrangement of LEDs of different colors in one SMD 5050 package made it possible to implement multi-color LEDs with separate control of each color. To regulate luminaires using SMD 5050 LEDs, controllers are used, so that the color of the glow can be smoothly changed from one to another after a given amount of time. Typically, such devices have several control modes and can adjust the brightness of the LEDs.

Typical characteristics of SMD 5730 LED

SMD 5730 LEDs are modern representatives of LED devices, the housing of which has geometric dimensions of 5.7x3 mm. They belong to ultra-bright LEDs, the characteristics of which are stable and qualitatively different from the parameters of their predecessors. Manufactured using new materials, these LEDs are characterized by increased power and highly efficient luminous flux. In addition, they can work in conditions of high humidity, are resistant to temperature changes and vibration, and have a long service life.

There are two types of devices: SMD 5730-0.5 with a power of 0.5 W and SMD 5730-1 with a power of 1 W. A distinctive feature of the devices is the ability to operate on pulsed current. The rated current of SMD 5730-0.5 is 0.15A; during pulse operation, the device can withstand current up to 0.18A. This type of LEDs provides a luminous flux of up to 45 lm.

SMD 5730-1 LEDs operate at a constant current of 0.35A, in pulsed mode - up to 0.8A. The light output efficiency of such a device can be up to 110 lm. Thanks to the heat-resistant polymer, the device body can withstand temperatures up to 250°C. The dispersion angle of both types of SMD 5730 is 120 degrees. The degree of luminous flux degradation is less than 1% when operating for 3000 hours.

Cree LED Specifications

The Cree company (USA) is engaged in the development and production of ultra-bright and most powerful LEDs. One of the Cree LED groups is represented by the Xlamp series of devices, which are divided into single-chip and multi-chip. One of the features of single-crystal sources is the distribution of radiation along the edges of the device. This innovation made it possible to produce lamps with a large luminous angle using a minimum number of crystals.

In the XQ-E High Intensity series of LED sources, the beam angle ranges from 100 to 145 degrees. Having small geometric dimensions of 1.6x1.6 mm, the power of ultra-bright LEDs is 3 Volts, and the luminous flux is 330 lm. This is one of the newest developments from Cree. All LEDs, the design of which is developed on the basis of a single crystal, have high-quality color rendering within CRE 70-90.

Related article:

How to make or repair an LED garland yourself. Prices and main characteristics of the most popular models.

Cree has released several versions of multi-chip LED devices with the latest power types from 6 to 72 Volts. Multichip LEDs are divided into three groups, which include devices with high voltage, power up to 4W and above 4W. Sources up to 4W contain 6 crystals in MX and ML type housings. The dispersion angle is 120 degrees. You can buy Cree LEDs of this type with white warm and cool colors.

Helpful advice! Despite the high reliability and quality of light, you can buy powerful LEDs of the MX and ML series at a relatively low price.

The group over 4W includes LEDs made from several crystals. The largest in the group are the 25W devices represented by the MT-G series. The company's new product is XHP model LEDs. One of the large LED devices has a 7x7 mm body, its power is 12W, and the light output is 1710 lm. High voltage LEDs combine small dimensions and high light output.

LED connection diagrams

There are certain rules for connecting LEDs. Taking into account that the current passing through the device moves only in one direction, for long-term and stable operation of LED devices it is important to take into account not only a certain voltage, but also the optimal current value.

Connection diagram for LED to 220V network

Depending on the power source used, there are two types of circuits for connecting LEDs to 220V. In one of the cases it is used with limited current, in the second - a special one that stabilizes the voltage. The first option takes into account the use of a special source with a certain current strength. A resistor is not required in this circuit, and the number of connected LEDs is limited by the driver power.

To designate LEDs in the diagram, two types of pictograms are used. Above each schematic image there are two small parallel arrows pointing upward. They symbolize the bright glow of the LED device. Before connecting the LED to 220V using a power supply, you must include a resistor in the circuit. If this condition is not met, this will lead to the fact that the working life of the LED will be significantly reduced or it will simply fail.

If you use a power supply when connecting, then only the voltage in the circuit will be stable. Considering the insignificant internal resistance of an LED device, turning it on without a current limiter will lead to the device burning out. That is why a corresponding resistor is introduced into the LED switching circuit. It should be noted that resistors come in different values, so they must be calculated correctly.

Helpful advice! The negative aspect of circuits for connecting an LED to a 220 Volt network using a resistor is the dissipation of high power when it is necessary to connect a load with increased current consumption. In this case, the resistor is replaced with a quenching capacitor.

How to calculate the resistance for an LED

When calculating the resistance for an LED, they are guided by the formula:

U = IxR,

where U is voltage, I is current, R is resistance (Ohm’s law). Let's say you need to connect an LED with the following parameters: 3V - voltage and 0.02A - current. So that when connecting an LED to 5 Volts on the power supply it does not fail, you need to remove the extra 2V (5-3 = 2V). To do this, you need to include a resistor with a certain resistance in the circuit, which is calculated using Ohm’s law:

R = U/I.

Thus, the ratio of 2V to 0.02A will be 100 Ohms, i.e. This is exactly the resistor needed.

It often happens that, given the parameters of the LEDs, the resistance of the resistor has a value that is non-standard for the device. Such current limiters cannot be found at points of sale, for example, 128 or 112.8 ohms. Then you should use resistors whose resistance is the closest value compared to the calculated one. In this case, the LEDs will not function at full capacity, but only at 90-97%, but this will be invisible to the eye and will have a positive effect on the life of the device.

There are many options for LED calculation calculators on the Internet. They take into account the main parameters: voltage drop, rated current, output voltage, number of devices in the circuit. By specifying the parameters of LED devices and current sources in the form field, you can find out the corresponding characteristics of resistors. To determine the resistance of color-coded current limiters, there are also online calculations of resistors for LEDs.

Schemes for parallel and serial connection of LEDs

When assembling structures from several LED devices, circuits for connecting LEDs to a 220 Volt network with a serial or parallel connection are used. At the same time, for correct connection, it should be taken into account that when LEDs are connected in series, the required voltage is the sum of the voltage drops of each device. While when LEDs are connected in parallel, the current strength is added up.

If the circuits use LED devices with different parameters, then for stable operation it is necessary to calculate the resistor for each LED separately. It should be noted that no two LEDs are exactly alike. Even devices of the same model have minor differences in parameters. This leads to the fact that when a large number of them are connected in a series or parallel circuit with one resistor, they can quickly degrade and fail.

Note! When using one resistor in a parallel or series circuit, you can only connect LED devices with identical characteristics.

The discrepancy in parameters when connecting several LEDs in parallel, say 4-5 pieces, will not affect the operation of the devices. But if you connect a lot of LEDs to such a circuit, it will be a bad decision. Even if LED sources have a slight variation in characteristics, this will cause some devices to emit bright light and burn out quickly, while others will glow dimly. Therefore, when connecting in parallel, you should always use a separate resistor for each device.

As for the series connection, there is economical consumption here, since the entire circuit consumes an amount of current equal to the consumption of one LED. In a parallel circuit, the consumption is the sum of the consumption of all LED sources included in the circuit.

How to connect LEDs to 12 Volts

In the design of some devices, resistors are provided at the manufacturing stage, which makes it possible to connect LEDs to 12 Volts or 5 Volts. However, such devices cannot always be found on sale. Therefore, in the circuit for connecting LEDs to 12 volts, a current limiter is provided. The first step is to find out the characteristics of the connected LEDs.

Such a parameter as the forward voltage drop for typical LED devices is about 2V. The rated current of these LEDs corresponds to 0.02A. If you need to connect such an LED to 12V, then the “extra” 10V (12 minus 2) must be extinguished with a limiting resistor. Using Ohm's law you can calculate the resistance for it. We get that 10/0.02 = 500 (Ohm). Thus, a resistor with a nominal value of 510 Ohms is required, which is the closest in the range of E24 electronic components.

In order for such a circuit to work stably, it is also necessary to calculate the power of the limiter. Using the formula based on which power is equal to the product of voltage and current, we calculate its value. We multiply a voltage of 10V by a current of 0.02A and get 0.2W. Thus, a resistor is required, the standard power rating of which is 0.25W.

If it is necessary to include two LED devices in the circuit, then it should be taken into account that the voltage dropped across them will already be 4V. Accordingly, the resistor will have to extinguish not 10V, but 8V. Consequently, further calculation of the resistance and power of the resistor is done based on this value. The location of the resistor in the circuit can be provided anywhere: on the anode side, cathode side, between the LEDs.

How to test an LED with a multimeter

One way to check the operating condition of LEDs is to test with a multimeter. This device can diagnose LEDs of any design. Before checking the LED with a tester, the device switch is set in the “testing” mode, and the probes are applied to the terminals. When the red probe is connected to the anode and the black probe to the cathode, the crystal should emit light. If the polarity is reversed, the device display should display “1”.

Helpful advice! Before testing the LED for functionality, it is recommended to dim the main lighting, since during testing the current is very low and the LED will emit light so weakly that in normal lighting it may not be noticeable.

Testing LED devices can be done without using probes. To do this, insert the anode into the holes located in the lower corner of the device into the hole with the symbol “E”, and the cathode into the hole with the indicator “C”. If the LED is in working condition, it should light up. This testing method is suitable for LEDs with sufficiently long contacts that have been cleared of solder. The position of the switch does not matter with this method of checking.

How to check LEDs with a multimeter without desoldering? To do this, you need to solder pieces of a regular paper clip to the tester probes. A textolite gasket, which is placed between the wires and then treated with electrical tape, is suitable as insulation. The output is a kind of adapter for connecting probes. The clips spring well and are securely fixed in the connectors. In this form, you can connect the probes to the LEDs without removing them from the circuit.

What can you make from LEDs with your own hands?

Many radio amateurs practice assembling various designs from LEDs with their own hands. Self-assembled products are not inferior in quality, and sometimes even surpass their manufactured counterparts. These can be color and music devices, flashing LED designs, do-it-yourself LED running lights and much more.

DIY current stabilizer assembly for LEDs

To prevent the LED's life from being exhausted ahead of schedule, it is necessary that the current flowing through it has a stable value. It is known that red, yellow and green LEDs can cope with increased current load. While blue-green and white LED sources, even with a slight overload, burn out in 2 hours. Thus, for the LED to operate normally, it is necessary to resolve the issue with its power supply.

If you assemble a chain of series- or parallel-connected LEDs, you can provide them with identical radiation if the current passing through them has the same strength. In addition, reverse current pulses can negatively affect the life of LED sources. To prevent this from happening, it is necessary to include a current stabilizer for the LEDs in the circuit.

The qualitative characteristics of LED lamps depend on the driver used - a device that converts voltage into a stabilized current with a specific value. Many radio amateurs assemble a 220V LED power supply circuit with their own hands based on the LM317 microcircuit. The elements for such an electronic circuit are low cost and such a stabilizer is easy to construct.

When using a current stabilizer on LM317 for LEDs, the current is adjusted within 1A. A rectifier based on LM317L stabilizes the current to 0.1A. The device circuit uses only one resistor. It is calculated using an online LED resistance calculator. Available devices are suitable for power supply: power supplies from a printer, laptop or other consumer electronics. It is not profitable to assemble more complex circuits yourself, since they are easier to purchase ready-made.

DIY LED DRLs

The use of daytime running lights (DRL) on cars significantly increases the visibility of the car during daylight hours by other road users. Many car enthusiasts practice self-assembly of DRLs using LEDs. One of the options is a DRL device of 5-7 LEDs with a power of 1W and 3W for each block. If you use less powerful LED sources, the luminous flux will not meet the standards for such lights.

Helpful advice! When making DRLs with your own hands, take into account the requirements of GOST: luminous flux 400-800 cd, luminous angle in the horizontal plane - 55 degrees, in the vertical plane - 25 degrees, area - 40 cm².

For the base, you can use a board made of aluminum profile with pads for mounting LEDs. The LEDs are fixed to the board using a thermally conductive adhesive. Optics are selected according to the type of LED sources. In this case, lenses with a luminous angle of 35 degrees are suitable. Lenses are installed on each LED separately. The wires are routed in any convenient direction.

Next, a housing is made for the DRLs, which also serves as a radiator. For this you can use a U-shaped profile. The finished LED module is placed inside the profile, secured with screws. All free space can be filled with transparent silicone-based sealant, leaving only the lenses on the surface. This coating will serve as a moisture barrier.

Connecting the DRL to the power supply requires the mandatory use of a resistor, the resistance of which is pre-calculated and tested. Connection methods may vary depending on the car model. Connection diagrams can be found on the Internet.

How to make LEDs blink

The most popular flashing LEDs, which can be purchased ready-made, are devices that are controlled by the potential level. The blinking of the crystal occurs due to a change in power supply at the terminals of the device. Thus, a two-color red-green LED device emits light depending on the direction of the current passing through it. The blinking effect in the RGB LED is achieved by connecting three separate control pins to a specific control system.

But you can make an ordinary single-color LED blink, having a minimum of electronic components in your arsenal. Before you make a flashing LED, you need to choose a working circuit that is simple and reliable. You can use a flashing LED circuit, which will be powered from a 12V source.

The circuit consists of a low-power transistor Q1 (silicon high-frequency KTZ 315 or its analogues are suitable), a resistor R1 820-1000 Ohms, a 16-volt capacitor C1 with a capacity of 470 μF and an LED source. When the circuit is turned on, the capacitor is charged to 9-10V, after which the transistor opens for a moment and transfers the accumulated energy to the LED, which begins to blink. This circuit can only be implemented when powered from a 12V source.

You can assemble a more advanced circuit that works in a similar way to a transistor multivibrator. The circuit includes transistors KTZ 102 (2 pcs.), resistors R1 and R4 of 300 Ohms each to limit the current, resistors R2 and R3 of 27000 Ohms each to set the base current of the transistors, 16-volt polar capacitors (2 pcs. with a capacity of 10 uF) and two LED sources. This circuit is powered by a 5V DC voltage source.

The circuit operates on the “Darlington pair” principle: capacitors C1 and C2 are alternately charged and discharged, which causes a particular transistor to open. When one transistor supplies energy to C1, one LED lights up. Next, C2 is smoothly charged, and the base current of VT1 is reduced, which leads to the closing of VT1 and the opening of VT2 and another LED lights up.

Helpful advice! If you use a supply voltage above 5V, you will need to use resistors with a different value to prevent failure of the LEDs.

DIY LED color music assembly

To implement fairly complex color music circuits on LEDs with your own hands, you must first understand how the simplest color music circuit works. It consists of one transistor, a resistor and an LED device. Such a circuit can be powered from a source rated from 6 to 12V. The operation of the circuit occurs due to cascade amplification with a common radiator (emitter).

The VT1 base receives a signal with varying amplitude and frequency. When signal fluctuations exceed a specified threshold, the transistor opens and the LED lights up. The disadvantage of this scheme is the dependence of blinking on the degree of the sound signal. Thus, the effect of color music will appear only at a certain level of sound volume. If you increase the sound. The LED will be on all the time, and when it decreases, it will flash slightly.

To achieve a full effect, they use a color music circuit using LEDs, dividing the sound range into three parts. The circuit with a three-channel audio converter is powered from a 9V source. A huge number of color music schemes can be found on the Internet at various amateur radio forums. These can be color music schemes using a single-color strip, an RGB LED strip, as well as a scheme for smoothly switching LEDs on and off. You can also find diagrams of running LED lights online.

DIY LED voltage indicator design

The voltage indicator circuit includes resistor R1 (variable resistance 10 kOhm), resistors R1, R2 (1 kOhm), two transistors VT1 KT315B, VT2 KT361B, three LEDs - HL1, HL2 (red), HLЗ (green). X1, X2 – 6-volt power supplies. In this circuit, it is recommended to use LED devices with a voltage of 1.5V.

The operating algorithm of a homemade LED voltage indicator is as follows: when voltage is applied, the central green LED source lights up. In the event of a voltage drop, the red LED located on the left turns on. An increase in voltage causes the red LED on the right to light up. With the resistor in the middle position, all transistors will be in the closed position, and voltage will only flow to the central green LED.

Transistor VT1 opens when the resistor slider is moved up, thereby increasing the voltage. In this case, the voltage supply to HL3 stops, and it is supplied to HL1. When the slider moves down (voltage decreases), transistor VT1 closes and VT2 opens, which will provide power to the LED HL2. With a slight delay, LED HL1 will go out, HL3 will flash once and HL2 will light up.

Such a circuit can be assembled using radio components from outdated equipment. Some assemble it on a textolite board, observing a 1:1 scale with the dimensions of the parts so that all elements can fit on the board.

The limitless potential of LED lighting makes it possible to independently design various lighting devices from LEDs with excellent characteristics and a fairly low cost.

Note! Comparing lamps based on SMD and COB LEDs, it can be noted that the former can be repaired by replacing a failed LED. If a COB LED lamp does not work, you will have to change the entire board with diodes.

LED characteristics

LED current consumption

Helpful advice! To choose the right resistor, you can use the LED resistor calculator available on the Internet.

LED voltage

Light output, beam angle and LED power

Incandescent lamp power, W	Corresponding power of LED lamp, W
100	12-12,5
75	10
60	7,5-8
40	5
25	3

Color temperature of LED sources

Note! The comfortable perception of LED radiation by the human eye directly depends on the color temperature of the LED source.

LED color		Color temperature, K	Lighting Use Cases
White	Warm	2700-3500	Lighting for domestic and office premises as the most suitable analogue of an incandescent lamp
	Neutral (daytime)	3500-5300	The excellent color rendition of such lamps allows them to be used for lighting workplaces in production.
	Cold	over 5300	Mainly used for street lighting, and also used in hand-held lanterns
Red		1800	As a source of decorative and phyto-lighting
Green		-
Yellow		3300	Lighting design of interiors
Blue		7500	Illumination of surfaces in the interior, phyto-lighting

Standard sizes of SMD LEDs and their characteristics

Basic parameters of SMD 2835 LEDs

Helpful advice! SMD 2835 LEDs can be used for any type of installation.

Characteristics of SMD 5050 LEDs

Typical characteristics of SMD 5730 LED

Cree LED Specifications

Related article:

How to make or repair an LED garland yourself. Prices and main characteristics of the most popular models.

Helpful advice! Despite the high reliability and quality of light, you can buy powerful LEDs of the MX and ML series at a relatively low price.

LED connection diagrams

Connection diagram for LED to 220V network

Helpful advice! The negative aspect of circuits for connecting an LED to a 220 Volt network using a resistor is the dissipation of high power when it is necessary to connect a load with increased current consumption. In this case, the resistor is replaced with a quenching capacitor.

How to calculate the resistance for an LED

When calculating the resistance for an LED, they are guided by the formula:

U = IxR,

R = U/I.

Thus, the ratio of 2V to 0.02A will be 100 Ohms, i.e. This is exactly the resistor needed.

Schemes for parallel and serial connection of LEDs

Note! When using one resistor in a parallel or series circuit, you can only connect LED devices with identical characteristics.

How to connect LEDs to 12 Volts

How to test an LED with a multimeter

Helpful advice! Before testing the LED for functionality, it is recommended to dim the main lighting, since during testing the current is very low and the LED will emit light so weakly that in normal lighting it may not be noticeable.

What can you make from LEDs with your own hands?

DIY current stabilizer assembly for LEDs

DIY LED DRLs

Helpful advice! When making DRLs with your own hands, take into account the requirements of GOST: luminous flux 400-800 cd, luminous angle in the horizontal plane - 55 degrees, in the vertical plane - 25 degrees, area - 40 cm².

How to make LEDs blink

Helpful advice! If you use a supply voltage above 5V, you will need to use resistors with a different value to prevent failure of the LEDs.

DIY LED color music assembly

DIY LED voltage indicator design

The limitless potential of LED lighting makes it possible to independently design various lighting devices from LEDs with excellent characteristics and a fairly low cost.

Content:

LED lighting is becoming increasingly popular and is gradually replacing traditional lighting devices. Many types of LEDs produced by manufacturers are constantly being improved, their design becoming better every year. Power increases and enclosures become more optimized for use in various applications. A huge selection of colors makes it possible to create the desired lighting in different rooms. Modern LEDs, thanks to their characteristic features, can be easily classified by type, which greatly facilitates their selection for certain purposes.

What types of LEDs are there?

The very first LEDs were used as indicators and continue to be used in this area to this day. The most widely used are indicator LEDs, which are elements of output mounting. They have a rectangular or round lens and are found from the simplest devices to the most complex modern equipment. They are used not only for indication, but also as backlight.

The most characteristic representatives of this group have round convex lenses, the diameter of which ranges from 3 to 10 mm. However, the low current of these LEDs does not make it possible to obtain a large amount of light, making their use as lighting devices impractical. They are most suitable for devices such as tickers and light displays. They require little current and voltage and hardly heat up.

Indicator LEDs can be white or colored according to the standard color spectrum. Some designs are available in multi-color options. In this case, one lens is equipped with three transitions, and the lower part is equipped with four leads. Such elements are more functional, which makes it possible to create color LED displays.

With the development of technology, more modern bright LEDs began to be used in output mounting. The luminous intensity of these elements is much higher than that of indicator LEDs, so they have become widely used for flashlights.

Surface mounting on a printed circuit board is increasingly performed using LEDs that combine indicator and lighting functions. Known under the brand name SMD - Surface Mounted Device. They are enclosed in cases with a standard size range. In terms of power, they can be compared with indicator LEDs. A large number of such LEDs can be mounted on a small printed circuit board area. Due to this, it is possible to obtain LED lamps and panels of almost any size.

Separately, it is worth noting a group of ultra-bright LEDs, widely used in outdoor advertising and car tuning. They are known as "Piranha" and have a rectangular shape and improved scattering properties. Four pins allow you to rigidly mount the element on a board or other plane. Primary colors are white, red, green and blue, sizes are 3-7.7 mm.

Currently, LEDs are most widely used indoors. They are represented by the COB model range, which means Ghip On Board. These light sources can be warm and cold, white, yellow and other shades. They are similar in color to regular incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps, and even natural sunlight. These parameters directly depend on the characteristics of the semiconductors and the applied phosphor. Mainly blue LEDs are used for coating, which makes it possible to obtain red, green, yellow and other colors. Light qualities are as close as possible to fluorescent lighting.

Structurally, SOV LEDs consist of many crystalline semiconductors mounted on a common substrate and coated with a phosphor. Thus, it is possible to achieve high brightness due to the total luminous flux created by several light sources located very closely together. If necessary, such LEDs can be used as indicators.

During operation, these elements necessarily require heat removal, and devices with increased and high power are equipped with radiators. Otherwise, the LED crystals will be destroyed under the influence of heat. If they are partially destroyed, the entire substrate will need to be replaced. Therefore, it is recommended to take care of cooling in advance.

Today, Filament light sources, whose LEDs resemble a regular incandescent filament, are becoming increasingly popular. The luminous properties of this type of LEDs are noticeably superior to any OWL models. This is achieved due to a large number of crystals mounted on a glass substrate. Next, the entire structure is filled with a fluorescent composition. This technology is called Chip On Glass, which means chip on glass.

The visible solid angle is 3600, so the luminous efficiency is higher than that of flat matrices. A 6 W LED lamp has the same light emission as a conventional 60 W incandescent lamp.

LED parameters

One of the main characteristics of LEDs is operating current. The fact is that these elements can only operate at a certain current strength, which ensures normal operation. Therefore, even a slight excess of the set current value will quickly lead to failure of the LED - it will simply burn out.

The operating current is different for each type of light source. More powerful elements require a corresponding higher current. To adjust the required current value, special drivers are installed in each LED lamp and luminaire. If the LED is connected separately, knowledge of its technical characteristics is necessary to limit the current using the required driver, capacitor or resistor.

An equally important parameter of LEDs is the operating voltage. Its value depends on the semiconductors themselves and other materials used in manufacturing. Thus, LEDs with different colors have different operating voltages. That is, the operating voltage value can be set by the color of a particular LED.

In most cases, the power supply of lamps and LED strips is carried out using drivers, with an output DC current of 12 V. That is, in a series circuit there can only be 4 LEDs with an operating voltage of 3 V. If you turn on an additional fifth LED, such a circuit will not work. This characteristic is also called voltage drop, which in this case is 3 volts.

We must not forget about such a parameter as LED power. Its performance is influenced by the two previous characteristics - operating current and voltage drop. High current for high-power LEDs must be combined with a high-quality cooling system. For this purpose, aluminum and copper radiators are used, as well as forced air coolers.

The power of any LED is determined by multiplying the voltage by the current. When calculating the LED assembly, all used elements are taken into account. For example, the total power of an LED containing 100 1-watt crystals will be 100 watts.

Emitted by lighting LEDs, it has a higher power compared to other sources - incandescent lamps, fluorescent lamps and other lamps with the same or higher power. Consequently, they have a higher luminous efficiency for each watt of power of a particular LED. However, these superior qualities will vary markedly depending on the type and workmanship of the particular item.

The dispersion angle is of no small importance. For LEDs it is less than for other lamps. To expand it, special diverging lenses are used. If it is necessary to create a narrow scattering angle, collective lenses are used to narrow the light beam. The brightness of the LED light beam will be uneven within the boundaries of the scattering angle. The bright glow in the center gradually decreases as the light flux approaches the edges of this corner.

Classification

The rapid development of the LED lighting market has brought various types and types of LEDs onto the market. Most manufacturers subdivide their chips in a way “as God pleases.” There is no clear classification. But still, a certain “clear line” is visible - division into species based on common features and characteristics.

For the most part, this classification is not entirely correct, but it is justified. There is no exact division by characteristics for one simple reason: if we take color, then LEDs can be classified as one type or type, but based on the second (power), such LEDs can hardly be classified as one type. And since LEDs have quite a lot of characteristics, “combining” them together is quite problematic.

Based on this, manufacturers easily classify COB and SMD diodes into one group, and indicator and lighting diodes into another. In general, there has been some confusion regarding the classification of LEDs based on characteristics.

In order to correct this situation, it is worth accepting that any characteristics of diodes are conditional. Only in this way can they be combined and somehow classified.

Types and types of indicator LEDs

Indicator types include such types of diodes as: DIP (DIL), Superflux, Fiber. The first two are quite outdated, but they can still be seen in many gadgets and devices. It is not uncommon to see the use of indicator diodes as lighting. Nonsense for today, but it “happens to happen.” Let's leave this application to the conscience of the manufacturers and consider indicator LEDs in more detail.

DIP (Dual In-line Package) or DIL (Dual In-Line)

Interesting and outdated types and types of DIP LEDs. The literal translation of such LEDs is DIP(DIL) double placement in a line. Based on the installation method, they are defined as: PHT (Plating Through Holes).

Typical representatives of this group in the classification are 3mm, 5mm, 8mm and 10mm LEDs. We have already said that these are obsolete types, because... were pioneers in the field of solid-state lighting. And use on an industrial scale is a big question.

Semiconductors of this type vary in color, material and bulb diameter: 3mm, 5mm, 8mm, 10mm, etc. The selection is amazing. You can find chips for every taste and color from round to rectangular. The main advantage of any specimen in this group is low heating with fairly good brightness. The main use is in electronic displays, tickers, various indicators (which is why there is such a division).

When viewed from the design side, the indicator diodes are cylindrical in shape with a built-in convex lens. Available in both single color and multi-color (RGB).

Separately, this group includes types of OLED diodes (Organic Light Emitting Diode) - organic light-emitting diodes. Popular in the production of backlighting for LCD screens, displays and televisions.

Super Flux Piranha

Piranha LEDs from this group have the best luminous characteristics in terms of luminous flux. A design feature can be considered a rectangular shape with four terminals (pins). Today there are 4 colors: red, green, blue, white. Sizes: 3mm, 5mm and Falt.

The main applications of super bright Piranha LEDs are automobiles and advertising.

A feature and advantage over 3,5,10 mm DIP diodes is the presence of four pins. This results in a more “rigid” connection to the board.

The Piranha backing is made of lead, because has high thermal conductivity. The operating temperature range is quite wide, which allows the use of large input powers. Regarding safety and environmental friendliness, the question remains... Lead... Not exactly an environmentally friendly material... To put it mildly...

The light beam dispersion angle is wide - from 40 to 120 degrees.

If we draw a parallel in terms of applicability and demand, then Piranhas still hold the palm.

A new type of indicator - fiber LEDs

These are some of the new types and types of LEDs that were presented to the general public by Korean manufacturers at the end of 2015. For now they are used only as individual fibers, but the moment is not far off when they can be used in the textile industry. And once that day comes, they can be transferred to the LED lighting group with great confidence.

The production method is based on coating the substrate with polyethylene terephthalate impregnated with a solution of PEDOT:PSS (poly-3,4-ethylenedioxythiophene polystyrene sulfonate). Next, the fibers are coated with an ice diode, dried, and a final layer of lithium aluminum fluoride (LiAl) is applied.

Types and types of lighting LEDs

The most interesting and widely used types and types of LEDs are lighting ones. In everyday use, diodes with white radiation are used. It, in turn, is divided into: cold white, warm white. Semiconductors themselves cannot produce white. Therefore, several methods are used to obtain white color.

The first one is the RGB method. The cheapest technology for producing white diodes. But with its use, the color rendering index deteriorates. Read about what it is in the relevant material.

The second method is the most common. Applying phosphor to a blue or blue LED. This method is the most common. In this case we get yellow and green, or red and green. This method is ideal if we want to get a color as close as possible to luminescent.

SMD lighting LEDs

One of the most common types in the lighting group. Let's turn to the translation. Abbreviation SMD - Surface Mounted Device - English. device. surface mounted.

Structurally, these types are quite complex. Consist of aluminum or copper substrate. The crystal itself is mounted on the substrate and soldered to the contacts of the housing in which the substrate is enclosed.

The crystal is covered with a lens, in some cases only with a phosphor. Up to three diodes can be placed on one substrate, depending on the application of the future light source.

A common type of LED is COB.

Other, most common and fashionable types are COB type diodes (Chip On Board). In this case, 9 or more crystals are mounted on one board (substrate). They are filled with phosphor. In this form we get an LED with high brightness. This technology has simplified and significantly reduced the cost of manufacturing LED lighting devices. The luminous flux of COB diodes is an order of magnitude greater than that of SMDs.

The main purpose is lighting. While COB diodes can also be used as indicators.

In terms of maintainability, COBs are the least preferable because in case of burnout, you will have to change the entire matrix.

And by the way, I have long noticed that in COB chips it is quite difficult (for the average person) to determine the number and size of crystals. And accordingly, compare the obtained measurements (calculations) with the declared characteristics of the light sources.

Well, the latest innovation of 2015 in solid-state lighting is filament LEDs.

A new type of LEDs – filament

This type of diodes was formed not so long ago. But they immediately fell in love with customers. And this is not surprising, because... with the same power (compared to COB or SMD) we can get more illumination.

So far, the main application of filament LEDs is LED lamps. Filament LEDs are mounted on a glass or sapphire substrate. Technology – Chip-On-Glass. As a result, the light spreads 360 degrees. Quite an interesting and “far-reaching” technology.

Conclusion

In principle, the types and types of LEDs indicated in the article are not complete and this classification can be expanded by using a number of subtypes and classes. To some it may seem simple. Some are correct, some are funny. But due to the fact that there is no specific “scientific concept” for the distribution of LEDs, we have received a general understanding of how LEDs can be divided into types and classes. Which is, in principle, what we were trying to achieve.

LED operation is based on semiconductor knowledge and practice. They have been known to mankind for almost half a century. Moreover, all the raw materials for the manufacture of such lighting devices have been familiar for more than 20 years. However, it was only recently that we succeeded in connecting them correctly and obtaining impressive LED characteristics. This lighting represents an innovative breakthrough, making diodes quite efficient and environmentally friendly. It is believed that such accessories are much more economical than classic incandescent lamps. They can be used in various areas of human life, not only because of ease of use, but also due to the desired glow temperature.

Characteristics

In order to understand the principle of operation of the devices, you need to know the following characteristics of LEDs:

1. Luminous flux. This parameter is measured in lumens (Lm) and shows the amount of light that the lamp produces. The higher this indicator is, the brighter it will shine.
2. Power consumption is measured in Watts (W). The smaller this parameter, the more economical the energy consumption.
3. Light output, its unit of measurement is considered to be Lm/W. It is central to the operation and efficiency of the entire lighting device.
4. Radiation direction diagram. Parameter of the luminous intensity curve, due to which the fluxes emitted by the diodes are distributed.
5. Color temperature (shades of white light). It is measured in degrees Kelvin in the permissible range from 2700 to 7000 K. The shade of a warm color is considered the most favorable for the eyes, which varies up to 4000 K, and all indicators that are higher are usually referred to as “cool white”. Most often, lamps with warm light are much more expensive than those with cold light, since this is directly related to the features of their production.
6.Color rendering index. This value shows how truthfully the color of an object illuminated by the selected lamps will be displayed. The higher this parameter, the more truthfully the shade of the original object is conveyed.
7. Performance of lighting devices. The most correct decision is to choose branded manufacturers, since such companies can provide more accurate technical characteristics of LEDs, thanks to which the device will last the stated operating time. Also, such lamps provide protection against voltage surges and overheating.
8. Device size. There is no need to judge the advantages and disadvantages based on the size of the crystal. It does not matter whether the LED is large or small, the most important thing is its power.

Considering these characteristics of LEDs, you can choose exactly the device that will give the maximum effect from its intended use.

Quality indicators

The quality indicators of an LED product can be judged based on the following criteria:
- manufacturer (preferably products from well-known companies that publish open data on the reliability of their devices);
- the use of a specially designed design and shape for the fastest possible heat removal, regulating the temperature during operation of the chip;
- optical (lighting) specifications of the LED lamp, which can be obtained from an independent laboratory or manufacturer;
- high-quality guarantees;
- results of long-term tests of the functioning of devices.

White varieties

Most often in everyday life, for decoration and lighting, white LEDs are used, the characteristics of which depend on their tone.

Warm white light: its color temperature is 2700 K and it has a slight yellowish tint, similar to the flame that a candle emits. This shade is typical for incandescent lamps; it calms and relaxes. It is important to note that using a matte or transparent shade will change the shade to a softer or richer one. This type of light is not the main one, but it is perfect for additional and decorative lighting and will be ideal for installation in bedrooms. Thanks to it, you can create harmony and homely warmth in the room.
Natural white light: Its color temperature is 4200K, it is the most popular and most commonly used. Suitable for use as the main source of lighting for both commercial and domestic premises. Can be used on all types of surfaces, such as a kitchen countertop or a desk in an office. Like warm light, natural has several shades. Fixtures and lamps with matte dispersion will have a completely different saturation spectrum than devices with a transparent bulb. It helps produce more accurate and directional light than matte, through which soft highlights of an unobtrusive shade are emitted.
Cool white light: its color temperature is 6000 K. It has a peculiar bluish tint. This tone is very bright and is most often used for offices and also as local lighting. It has become quite widespread in parking lots, at entrances, in local areas, as well as in parks, alleys and squares. Often installed to illuminate street advertisements, commercial signs, and more.

Types of LEDs

There are a variety of LEDs, the parameters and characteristics of which completely depend on their types:

1.Blinking: used in indicators to attract attention. This type is practically no different from the usual ones, however, for its production a built-in multivibrator circuit is used, which flickers with a break of 1 second. The main types of such diodes distribute single-color light rays; more complex ones in their characteristics can flash in several shades alternately or simultaneously, thanks to the RGB parameter.

2. Multi-color blinking LEDs, the characteristics of which are quite diverse and can be represented in two different crystals, working one towards the other, therefore, when the first one lights up, the second one goes out completely. With the help of a current that moves in the initial direction, one color appears, and in the opposite direction another color appears. Thanks to this type of work, a third color is formed, since the two main ones are mixed.

3.Tri-color LEDs, the parameters and characteristics of which consist in the presence of several light-emitting diodes, not connected to each other, but combined in one housing. They work separately, they can light up at the same time, but their controls remain completely different.

4. Light-emitting RGB diodes with blue, red and green elements, which use a connection with four wires and a single common cathode or anode.

5. Monochrome displays with seven segments, as well as using starburst format. Such screens show all the numbers, and some even a certain set of letters. Using Starburst allows all symbols to be displayed.

Alphanumeric and numeric displays, which were quite common in the 80s, became less popular after the advent of LCD monitors.

Advantages of LED lighting

As a relatively new technology, LEDs are generally superior to many lighting sources in terms of light quality, energy efficiency, environmental friendliness and cost-effectiveness. The characteristics of LEDs are superior to those of high-incandescent lamps in almost all areas of application, but such lighting cannot yet solve all the tasks. White diodes have already proven themselves to be an excellent alternative to fluorescent tubular and high-pressure lamps. But a short amount of time still needs to pass before such technologies begin to be used in the public system.

What does the SMD marking mean?

The decoding of this indicator sounds like Surface Mounted Device, which translated into Russian means “a device that is mounted on a surface.” Such a device is a diode, and the surface in our case is the base of the tape.

Any SMD LEDs, the characteristics of which are similar to those of all other similar lamps, consist of several crystals placed in a housing with contact leads, as well as lenses that form the luminous flux. It is emitted by semiconductors and directed into a miniature optical system, which is formed by spherical reflectors, as well as the transparent body of the diode itself.

What other characteristics do SMD LEDs have? The marking, which is represented by numbers on the tape, shows the dimensions of the crystal in millimeters. The SMD-based strip bends very well in the longitudinal direction.

What does the DIP LED marking mean?

There are also LEDs on sale, the characteristics of which are very similar to SMD. According to their technical parameters, they are a cylindrical body, which is placed on an end strip. This type has good silicone protection. The numbers that are present in the marking, as well as for SMD, indicate the diameter of the diode.

Such crystals can be used to illuminate furniture, only for glass shelves. Unlike the previous tape, this type bends very well in the transverse direction.

Parameters of a high-quality LED flashlight

Today, you can buy a large number of conventional flashlights on the market, but they are being actively replaced by LED ones. This happened primarily due to the fact that the latter give much brighter light.

In order to choose the right LEDs for flashlights, the characteristics of which are very diverse, it is necessary to take into account all the basic requirements of the buyer when choosing. What you need to pay attention to is the type of beam, it can be wide or narrow. Which type to choose depends on the future application. For example, in order to be able to see objects at a distance of 30 meters, it is better to choose a flashlight with a wide beam, while models with a narrow beam can illuminate distant objects well. Most often, such lighting is provided by tactical devices used by tourists, hunters and cyclists.

Another important factor affecting the operation of the flashlight is the type of power supply. For the simplest household appliances, ordinary AA or AAA batteries are used, but for strong and powerful devices this volume will not be enough. In this case, it is necessary to use lithium-ion batteries, which can operate continuously for 5 hours.

It is worth paying attention to LEDs for flashlights, the brightness characteristics of which differ from each other by no more than 40%. The quality of the selected devices is guaranteed by the presence of markings. In cases where it is absent, we can talk about an uncertified product, most often made in China.

LEDs from CREE

This company specializes in the manufacture of high-quality and bright diodes. She was one of the first to develop new white light bulbs, thereby setting a new milestone in the industry.

CREE LEDs, the characteristics of which are presented, remain competitive in their industry:

They have record luminous flux values reaching 345 lumens at a current of 1000 mA;
- thermal resistance at a low level;
- relatively wide angle of study;
- miniature, evenly distributed crystal;
- maximum current reception up to 1500 mA;
- improved silicone lens instead of glass;
- maximum crystal operating temperature 150 °C.

As you can see, such technologies are just coming into force and bring exceptional benefits from their use. Every day new discoveries are made, LED lamps become more economical and brighter, thanks to which they rightfully begin to occupy a leading place in the lighting arena.

Features of SMD 5050 tapes

LEDs in this series have a size of 5x5 mm and a luminous flux depending on color, which ranges from 2 to 8 lumens. They can also be divided according to the degree of moisture protection - IP20 and IP65, since they have two different types of coatings, namely polyurethane and silicone. The former can only be placed indoors, while the latter, accordingly, are suitable for the street, since they are not afraid of excessive humidity.

5050 LEDs, whose characteristics and properties help create bright light, consist of three crystals with different or identical diodes in one package. Multi-colored lamps are called RGB (red-green-blue), after connecting controllers, you can get a variety of colors in them.

The main technical characteristics are:

Transparent and rigid polyurethane coating;
- high-quality soldering;
- the number of LEDs per 1 meter is 60 pieces;
- cutting ratio - 3 crystals, which is 50 mm;
- width, length, height in mm 10 x 5000 x 3;
- the power supply is connected to 12V or 24V DC.

Features of SMD5730 tapes

Adopting high-efficiency 5730 LEDs, the characteristics and properties of high thermal conductivity and low resistance ensure a long service life of the device. They are resistant to vibration, high environmental humidity and temperature changes. They are small enough, have a wide luminous angle and are perfect for any surface for installation. They can be purchased in reels and tapes.

Many people like to use 5730 LEDs, the characteristics of which are suitable for use in various devices, which is very convenient for both ordinary users and designers. They are indispensable for lighting retail and office premises, where not only high energy efficiency is considered important, but also comfortable light transmission.

For those who use LEDs, markings, characteristics and properties are of no small importance. They have a number of advantages over their predecessors, namely:

Phosphor white LEDs with a nominal power of 0.5 W are distinguished by a significant service life, stable performance and high-quality performance;
- high resistance to temperature changes, vibrations and high environmental humidity;
- degradation of the luminous flux - no more than 1% for 3000 hours of operation;
- the body is made of high-quality heat-resistant polymer that can withstand up to +250 °C;
- LEDs are fully suitable for reflow soldering.