A door is a device that closes an opening for entry and exit, providing access to the internal space, usually rectangular in shape, flat, with hinges, handles, locks and other structural elements.
The door drawing is carried out on the basis of GOST 2.109-73 - a unified system of design documentation (ESKD).
You can download this simple drawing for free to use for any purpose. For example, for placement on a nameplate or sticker.
How to draw a drawing:
You can draw a drawing either on a sheet of paper or using specialized programs. No special engineering knowledge is required to complete simple sketch drawings.
A sketch drawing is a drawing made “by hand”, observing the approximate proportions of the depicted object and containing sufficient data for the manufacture of the product.
The design drawing with all the technological data for manufacturing can only be completed by a qualified engineer.
To designate in the drawing, you must perform the following operations:
1. Draw an image;
2. Add dimensions (see example);
3. Specify for production (read more about technical requirements below in the article).
It is most convenient to draw on a computer. Subsequently, the drawing can be printed on paper using a printer or plotter. There are many specialized programs for drawing on a computer. Both paid and free.
Drawing example:
This image shows how simple and quickly drawing can be done using computer programs.
List of programs for drawing on a computer:
1. KOMPAS-3D;
2. AutoCAD;
3. NanoCAD;
4. FreeCAD;
5. QCAD.
Having studied the principles of drawing in one of the programs, it is not difficult to switch to working in another program. Drawing methods in any program are not fundamentally different from each other. We can say that they are identical and differ from each other only in convenience and the presence of additional functions.
Technical requirements:
For the drawing, it is necessary to indicate dimensions sufficient for manufacturing, maximum deviations and roughness.
The technical requirements for the drawing should indicate:
1) Manufacturing and control method, if they are the only ones that guarantee the required quality of the product;
2) Indicate a specific technological method that guarantees that certain technical requirements for the product are met.
A little theory:
A drawing is a projection image of a product or its element, one of the types of design documents containing data for the production and operation of the product.
A drawing is not a drawing. The drawing is made according to the dimensions and scale of the real product (structure) or part of the product. Therefore, to carry out drawing work, the work of an engineer with sufficient experience in producing drawing work is necessary (however, to beautifully display a product for booklets, it is quite possible that you will need the services of an artist who has an artistic view of the product or part of it).
A drawing is a constructive image with necessary and sufficient information about dimensions, manufacturing method and operation. You can download the drawing presented on this page for free.
A drawing is an artistic image on a plane created by means of graphics (brush, pencil or specialized program).
A drawing can be either an independent document or part of a product (structure) and technical requirements related to surfaces processed together. Instructions for joint processing are placed on all drawings involved in the joint processing of products.
For more information on drawings, technical requirements for design and indication of manufacturing methods, see GOST 2.109-73. See the list of standards for the development of design documentation.
Information for ordering drawings:
In our design organization, you can create any product (both parts and assemblies), which will include a door drawing as an element of the design documentation of the product as a whole. Our design engineers will develop documentation in the shortest possible time in strict accordance with your technical specifications.
GOST 21.501-93
INTERSTATE STANDARD
SYSTEM OF DESIGN DOCUMENTS FOR CONSTRUCTION
EXECUTION RULES
ARCHITECTURAL AND CONSTRUCTION
WORKING DRAWINGS
INTERSTATE SCIENTIFIC AND TECHNICAL COMMISSION
ON STANDARDIZATION AND TECHNICAL REGULATION
IN CONSTRUCTION (MNTKS)
Preface
1 DEVELOPMENT of the Academy of Sciences by the Central Research and Design Experimental Institute for Methodology of Organization, Economics and Design Automation (TsNIIproekt), Design Institute (Promstroyproekt), Design Institute No. 2 (PI-2), Central Research and Design Institute Institute of Individual Experimental Housing Design TsNIIEPZhilishcha) INTRODUCED by the Ministry of Construction of Russia2 ACCEPTED by the Interstate Scientific and Technical Commission for Standardization and Technical Regulation in Construction on November 10, 1993. The following voted for the adoption of the standard:
|
Name of state |
Namestate construction management body |
| The Republic of Azerbaijan | State Construction Committee of the Azerbaijan Republic |
| Republic of Armenia | State Architecture of the Republic of Armenia |
| Republic of Belarus | Gosstroy of the Republic of Belarus |
| The Republic of Kazakhstan | Ministry of Construction of the Republic of Kazakhstan |
| Republic of Kyrgyzstan | Gosstroy of the Kyrgyz Republic |
| Russian Federation | Gosstroy of Russia |
| The Republic of Tajikistan | State Construction Committee of the Republic of Tajikistan |
| Ukraine | Ministry of Construction and Architecture of Ukraine |
INTERSTATE WITH TA NDART
Date of introduction 1994-09-01
This standard establishes the composition and rules for the design of architectural and construction working drawings (architectural solutions and building structures *, including working documentation for construction products **), buildings and structures for various personal purposes. _____________ * A building structure is understood as a part of a building, a structure for a certain functional purpose (building frame, covering, flooring, etc.), consisting of elements that are interconnected in the process of performing construction work. ** A building product is understood as an element of a building structure (column, truss, beam, floor slab, wall panel, reinforcement frame, etc.), manufactured outside the place of its installation.
1. GENERAL REQUIREMENTS
1.1. Architectural and construction working drawings are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 21.101, as well as this standard. When making working drawings of metal structures, one should be guided by the relevant standards of the Construction Design Documentation System (SPDS). 1.2. Working drawings of architectural solutions and building structures intended for construction and installation work are made as part of the main sets, which are assigned grades in accordance with GOST 21.101. Based on the working drawings of the AR brand, if necessary, they draw up an equipment specification in accordance with GOST 21.110.1.3 . Verbal graphic images of building structures and their elements are given in Appendix 1.1.4. Architectural and construction drawings indicate the accuracy characteristics of the geometric parameters of buildings, structures, structures and their elements in accordance with GOST 21.113. Requirements for the accuracy of the functional geometric parameters of buildings, structures and structures must be linked to the requirements for the accuracy of manufacturing products (structural elements), axes layout and installation of structural elements by calculating accuracy according to GOST 21780.1.5. On architectural and construction drawings (on images of foundations, walls, partitions, ceilings) openings, grooves, niches, nests and openings with the required dimensions and references are indicated.2. BASIC SET OF WORKING DRAWINGS OF ARCHITECTURAL SOLUTIONS
2.1. The main set of working drawings of architectural solutions includes: 1) general data on working drawings; 2) floor plans, including the basement, technical underground, technical floor and attic; 3) sections; 4) facades; 5) floor plans (if necessary);6) roof (roof) plan;7) layout diagrams of prefabricated partition elements*;8) layout diagrams of elements for filling window and other openings*;9) remote elements (assemblies, fragments);10) specifications for layout diagrams in accordance with GOST 21.101.2.2. General data on working drawings 2.2.1. The general data on working drawings, in addition to the information provided by GOST 21.101, includes a statement of finishing of premises in Form 1 (in the absence of the main set of working drawings of interiors).Interior finishing list
Area, m2
Notes: 1. The number of columns is determined by the presence of interior elements to be finished. 2. The finishing areas of premises are calculated according to the relevant regulatory documents. 2.2.2. In general instructions, in addition to the information provided by GOST 21.101, indicate: 1) the class of responsibility of the building (structure); 2) the category of the building (structure) in terms of explosion and fire hazard; 3) the degree of fire resistance of the building (structure); 4) characteristics of wall and insulation materials**;5) instructions on the installation of waterproofing and blind areas**;6) instructions on the exterior finishing of the building (structure)**;7) instructions on measures when carrying out work in winter.2.3. Floor plans2.3.1. When making a floor plan, the position of the imaginary horizontal cutting plane is taken at the level of the window openings or at 1/3 of the height of the depicted floor. In cases where the window openings are located above the cutting plane, sections of the corresponding walls are located along the perimeter of the plan at the level of the window openings. ________ * Layout diagrams of prefabricated metal elements, partitions and filling of window openings are carried out as part of working drawings of metal structures. Layout diagrams for elements of prefabricated reinforced concrete partitions are usually made as part of the main set of working drawings of reinforced concrete structures. ** Provided if there are no corresponding instructions on the drawings. 2.3.2. The floor plans are marked with: 1) coordination axes of the building (structure); 2) dimensions determining the distances between the coordination axes and openings, the thickness of walls and partitions, other necessary dimensions, marks of areas located at different levels; 3) cut lines. Cut lines are drawn, as a rule, in such a way that the cut includes openings of windows, external gates and doors; 4) positions (marks) of building (structure) elements, filling of gate and door openings (except for those included in panel partitions), lintels , stairs, etc. It is allowed to indicate positional designations of gate and door openings in circles with a diameter of 5 mm; 5) designations of units and fragments of plans; 6) names of premises (technological sections), their area, categories of explosion and fire hazard (except for residential buildings) .The areas are marked in the lower right corner of the room (technological area) and underlined. Categories of premises (technological areas) are indicated under their name in a rectangle measuring 5 ´ 8 (h) mm. For residential buildings, if necessary, the type and area of apartments are indicated on the plans. In this case, the area is indicated in the form of a fraction, in the numerator of which the living area is indicated, and in the denominator - useful space. It is allowed to give the names of premises (technological areas), their areas and categories in the form 2. In this case, on the plans, instead of the names of premises (technological areas ) indicate their numbers. For residential buildings, the explication of premises, as a rule, is not carried out; 7) the boundaries of the areas of movement of technological cranes (if necessary).Explication of premises
List of jumpers
2.4. Sections and facades2.4.1. The contour lines of structural elements in the section are shown as a solid thick main line, visible contour lines that do not fall into the section plane are shown as a solid thin line.2.4.2. The following are applied to sections and facades: 1) coordination axes of the building (structure), passing in characteristic places of the section and facade (extreme, at expansion joints, load-bearing structures, in places of height difference, etc.), with dimensions determining the distances between them (only on sections) and the total distance between the extreme axes; 2) marks and character studying the location of elements of non-existing and enclosing structures in height, 3) dimensions and height references of openings, holes, niches and nests in walls and partitions shown in sections; 4) positions (marks) of building (structure) elements not indicated on the plans. The types of filling of window openings and the material of individual sections of walls that differ from the main materials are also indicated on the facades. It is allowed to indicate the types of window openings on floor plans; 5) designations of nodes and fragments of sections and facades. Examples of making sections are given in Appendix 4, facades and their fragments - in Appendix 5.2.5. Plans of floors and roofs (roofs) 2.5.1 The following are applied to the floor plans: 1) coordination axes: extreme ones, at expansion joints, along the edges of areas with various design and other features and with dimensional references of such areas; 2) designations of floor slopes ;3) type of flooring. Indications of floor types are placed in a circle with a diameter of 7 mm; 4) marks in places where the floors differ. The walls of the building (structure) and partitions on the floor plans are depicted as one solid thick main line. On the floor plans, elements of the building (structure) and devices affecting floor structure (gate and door openings, expansion joints, channels, ladders, etc.), boundaries of areas with different floor structures. Expansion joints are depicted with two thin solid lines, boundaries of floor areas with dotted lines. 2.5.2. Floor plans may be combined with floor plans.2.5.3. For the floor plans, an explication of the floors is drawn up in form 4. An example of the implementation of the floor plan is given in Appendix 6.
Explication of floors
3. BASIC SET OF WORKING DRAWINGS OF BUILDING STRUCTURES
3.1. The main set of working drawings of building structures (hereinafter referred to as structures) includes: 1) general data on working drawings; 2) layout diagrams of structural elements; 3) specifications for layout diagrams of structural elements. Working drawings of monolithic reinforced concrete structures additionally include: include: 1) reinforcement diagrams for monolithic reinforced concrete structures; 2) statement of steel consumption for monolithic structures in form 5. The statement does not include standard products - dowels, bolts, washers, etc.Steel consumption sheet, kg
Continuation of the statement
3.2. The general data on working drawings, in addition to the information provided for by GOST 21.101, includes: 1) information about the loads and impacts adopted for the calculation of the structures of a building or structure; 2) information about the soils (foundations), the level and nature of the soil water, freezing depth *; 3) instructions on measures to prepare for foundations and on special conditions for the work *; 4) information on measures for anti-corrosion protection of structures (in the absence of the main set of working drawings of grade A3); 5) instructions on activities during work in winter. 3.3. Layout diagrams of structural elements3.3.1. On the layout diagram of structural elements (hereinafter referred to as the layout diagram), structural elements and connections between them are indicated in the form of simple or simplified graphic images. 3.3.2. The layout diagram is carried out for each group of structural elements related to the conditions and sequence of construction work. Examples: 1. Layout of foundation elements and foundation beams.2. Layout of basement wall blocks (basement block wall layout).3. Layout of columns, column connections, crane beams. _____________ * Provided if they are not included in the technical requirements for the layout of foundation elements.4. Layout of trusses (beams).5. Layout of wall panels and partitions. 3.3.3. The layout diagram is made in the form of plans, facades or sections of the corresponding structures, with a simplified image of the elements. 3.3.4. The following are applied to the layout diagram: 1) the coordination axes of the building (structure), the dimensions that determine the distances between them and between the extreme axes, the dimensional reference of the axes or surfaces of structural elements to the coordination axes of the building (structure) or, if necessary, to other structural elements, other required dimensions; 2) marks of the most characteristic levels of structural elements; 3) positions (marks) of structural elements; 4) designations of units and fragments; 5) data on permissible installation loads. 3.3.5. Identical positions (marks) of sequentially located structural elements on the layout diagram may be applied only at the ends of the row, indicating the number of positions. 3.3.6. The layout of wall panels with a multi-tier arrangement of panels within a floor is carried out in the plane of the walls in the view, with one arrangement - in plan. 3.3.7 In the name of the layout diagrams, if necessary, information is given that determines the position of the structure in the building (structure). It is allowed to assign serial numbers to layout diagrams. Example: Layout of floor elements at elevation. 7,200 between axes 1 - 15, B - D (diagram 1).3.3.8. Marks are placed on the layout diagram for installation in the design position of structural elements that have an asymmetrical arrangement of embedded products and other distinctive features. Examples of the implementation of layout diagrams for elements of prefabricated structures are given in Appendix 10.3.3.9 If a monolithic reinforced concrete structure consists of several elements (beams , slabs, etc.), for each of which separate reinforcement schemes are performed, then these elements are assigned positional designations or marks in accordance with the drawing. 1.
Crap. 1
3.3.10. The technical requirements for the layout diagram, if necessary, provide instructions on the installation procedure, embedding of seams, and requirements for installation connections. 3.3.11. Working drawings of reinforcement and embedded products developed for monolithic reinforced concrete structures as independent documents are not included in the main set of working drawings, but are recorded in the list of references and attached documents in the “Attached Documents” section. 3.3.12. The following are applied to the reinforcement diagram of a monolithic reinforced concrete structure: 1) the coordination axes of the building (structure); 2) the contours of the structures - a solid thick main line; 3) the dimensions that determine the position of the reinforcement and embedded products and the thickness of the protective layer of concrete. Reinforcement and embedded products in the diagram are depicted with a very thick solid line. If necessary, clamps are indicated on the diagram to ensure the design position of the reinforcement. 3.3.13. The following simplifications are used in the reinforcement diagram: 1) frames and meshes are depicted with a contour in accordance with the drawing. 2;2) to ensure correct installation of asymmetrical frames and meshes in the design position, only their characteristic features are indicated (diameter of rods that differ in diameter, etc.) in accordance with Fig. 3; 3) if a reinforced concrete structure has several sections with evenly spaced identical frames or meshes, then their contours are drawn on one of the sections, indicating the position numbers and in brackets the number of products for this position. In the remaining areas, only positions are indicated and in brackets - the number of products of this position in accordance with the drawing. 4;
|
Crap. 2 |
Crap. 3 |
Crap. 4
4) in areas with separate rods located at equal distances, one rod is depicted indicating the line and leader line and its position on the shelf, and under the leader line shelf - the pitch of the rods in accordance with the drawing. 5. If the pitch of the rods is not standardized, then next to the designation of the rods indicate in brackets the number of rods in accordance with the drawing. 6;5) the reinforcement of the elements crossing the depicted element, as a rule, is not indicated (Fig. 8); 6) when depicting a frame or mesh, identical rods located at equal distances are applied only at the ends of the frame or mesh, and also in places where the pitch of the rods changes. In this case, under the flange, leader lines indicating the position of the rod indicate their pitch in accordance with the drawing. 7;7) in a complex reinforcement scheme, it is allowed to indicate the position at both ends of the same reinforcement product or a separate rod in accordance with Fig. 8;8) the dimensions of the bent rods are indicated along the outer edges, and the dimensions of the clamps are indicated along the inner edges in accordance with the drawing. 9.
Lay distribution fittings (item 6)
within x pos. 1 and 2 below, within pos. 3-5 - on top
Crap. 5
Crap. 6
Crap. 7
Crap. 8
Crap. 9
3.3.14. It is permissible not to make drawings for simple parts directly included in the monolithic reinforced concrete structure, but to provide all the necessary data for their manufacture in the specifications and, if necessary, place images of these parts on the drawing of the monolithic structure. If there is a large number of parts, the data necessary for their manufacture is given in a statement and in Form 6. An example of filling out the statement is given in Appendix 11.
List of parts
3.4. Specifications for layout diagrams of structural elements 3.4.1. The specification for the layout of structural elements is drawn up in accordance with Form 7 or 8 of Appendix 7 of GOST 21.101.3.4.2. The specification for the layout of prefabricated structures is filled out in sections: 1) elements of prefabricated structures; 2) monolithic sections; 3) steel and other products. 3.4.3. The specification of a monolithic structure consisting of several elements, each of which is subject to a separate reinforcement scheme, is compiled in sections for each element. 3.4.4. The name of each section of the monolithic structure specification is indicated as a heading in the “Name” column and underlined. The section names include the brand of the element and, separated by a dash, the number of elements per monolithic structure. P examples: 1. Beams Bm1 - pcs. 2.2. PM1 plate - pcs. 1. Each section of the monolithic structure specification consists of subsections, which are arranged in the following sequence: 1. Assembly units.2. Details.3. Standard products.4. Materials. In the “Assembly units” section, write down the elements directly included in the specified monolithic structure in the following sequence: 1. Spatial frames.2. The frames are flat.3. Grids.4. Embedded products. The subsection “Materials” records materials directly included in the structure being specified (for example, concrete).
4. WORKING DOCUMENTATION
FOR CONSTRUCTION PRODUCTS
4.1. The working documentation for a construction product generally includes a specification, an assembly drawing, drawings of parts and, if necessary, technical specifications. Working drawings of construction products (hereinafter referred to as products) are carried out in accordance with the requirements of GOST 2.109, GOST 2.113 and taking into account the additional requirements of this standard.4.2. When executing a group working document for products, products of the same name, uniform configuration and having common design features are combined into one group. 4.3. Variable sizes, not the same for all designs and covered by one image, are marked with letter designations, the number of which should, as a rule, be no more than three.4.4. If necessary, a test diagram, a design diagram or an indication of their load-bearing capacity are provided with the product drawings. 4.5. On the assembly drawing of the product or on its schematic representation, the places of connection of lifting or supporting devices are indicated in accordance with the drawing. 10. 
Crap. 10
4.6. The following technical requirements are given on the assembly drawing of the product: 1) requirements for finishing the surface of the product. The image of a surface requiring special treatment is indicated in accordance with the drawing. eleven;
Crap. eleven
2) other requirements for the quality of the product; 3) links to documents containing technical requirements that apply to this product, but are not shown in the drawing. 4.7. If an indication of the orientation of the product in the structure is required, then a mark is placed on the drawing of the product in accordance with the drawing. 12.
Crap. 12
4.8. Assembly drawings of reinforced concrete products, in addition to views, sections and sections, include reinforcement diagrams. The reinforcement diagram of reinforced concrete products is carried out in relation to paragraphs 3.3.2 and 3.3.3.4.9. Based on the drawings of reinforced concrete products, a steel consumption sheet is drawn up (see Form 5). An example of filling out a steel consumption sheet is given in Appendix 12.4.10. Specifications for products are carried out in accordance with GOST 2.108 and GOST 2.113, taking into account the following additional requirements: 1) the columns “Format” and “Zone” are excluded. Size of the column "Pos." taken equal to 10 mm, columns “Name” - 73 mm; 2) group specifications for the product are carried out preferably according to options A and B of GOST 2.113. When performing the specification according to option B, the number of execution columns is not limited; 3) it is allowed to combine specifications with the assembly drawing independently on the sheet format; 4) recording of assembly units and materials in the relevant subsections of the product specification is carried out in accordance with clause 3.4.4.4.11. For products (reinforcement, embedded, connecting, etc.), consisting only of parts, a specification is drawn up in Form 7, with a group method of making drawings of such products - in Form 8. An example of making a group working document on meshes is given in Appendix 13.
Specification
Group specialization
ANNEX 1
Mandatory
CONVENTIONAL GRAPHIC IMAGES OF BUILDING STRUCTURES AND THEIR ELEMENTS
|
Name |
Image life |
|
|
In respect of |
In the context |
|
| 1. Glass block partition Note. In drawings at a scale of 1:200 and smaller, it is allowed to designate all types of partitions with one solid thick main line | ||
| 2. Openings | ||
| 2.1. Opening (designed without filling) | ||
| 2.2. An opening to be punched in an existing wall, partition, covering, ceiling | ||
| 2.3. Opening in an existing wall, partition, roof, ceiling, to be sealed Note: In the explanatory inscription and instead of an ellipsis, indicate the material of the bookmark | ||
| 2.4. Openings: | ||
| a) without quarters and | ||
| b) and a quarter | ||
| c) on a scale of 1:200 and smaller, as well as for drawings of factory-made structural elements | ||
| 3. Ramp Note: The slope of the ramp is indicated in plan as a percentage (for example, 10.5%) or as a ratio of height and length (for example, 1:7). The arrow on the plan indicates the direction from the launch. |
|
|
| 4. Stairs | ||
| 4.1. Metal ladder: | ||
| a) vertical | ||
| b) inclined | ||
| 4.2. Ladder: |
Scale 1:50 and larger |
|
| a) lower march |
|
|
| b) intermediate marches |
On a scale of 1:100 and smaller, |
|
| c) upper march Note: The arrow indicates the direction of the rise of the march | ||
| 5. Existing element to be disassembled | ||
| 6. Blind area | ||
| 7. Column: | ||
| a) reinforced concrete: | ||
| solid section two-branch | ||
| b) metal: | ||
| solid wall | ||
| two-branch Note. Image A - for columns without a console, B and C - for columns with a console | ||
| 8. Farm |
|
|
| Note. Image A - for a reinforced concrete truss, B - for a metal truss | ||
| 9. Stove, panel | ||
| 10. Metal connection: | ||
| a) single-plane: | ||
| vertical | ||
| mountains horizontal | ||
| b) two-plane | ||
| c) cords | ||
|
Name |
Picturedno |
| 11. Believe the gate | |
| 11.1. Single door door |
|
| 11.2. Double door |
|
| 11.3. Door, double single door |
|
| 11.4. Same, double |
|
| 11. 5. Single-leaf door with swinging leaf (right or left) |
|
| 11.6. Double door with swinging leaves |
|
| 11.7. Single-leaf sliding door (gate) |
|
| 11.8. Door (gate) sliding double-leaf | |
| 11.9. Lifting door (gate) |
|
| 11.10. Door folded |
|
| 11.11. Revolving door |
|
| 11.12. Up and over gates |
|
| 12. Window frames | |
| 12.1. Binding with side hinge, opening inwards | |
| 1 2.2. Same, outward opening | |
| 12.3. Binding with bottom hanger, opening inward | |
| 1 2.4. Same, outward opening | |
| 12.5. Binding with top hanger, opening inward | |
| 12.6. Same, outward opening | |
| 12.7. Binding with middle horizontal suspension of mountains | |
| 12.8. Same, vertical | |
| 12.9. Sliding binding | |
| 12. 10. Lift binding | |
| 12.11. Binding is blind | |
| 12.12. Binding with side or bottom hanging, opening inward Note. Direct the top of the sign (shown in dashes) towards the binding on which the binding is not hung | |
| 13. Fittings | |
| 13.1. Conventional fittings | |
| 13.1.1. Rebar: | |
| a) side view | |
| b) cross section | |
| 13.1.2. Reinforcing bar with anchorage: | |
| a) with hooks | |
| b) with bends at right angles | |
| 13.1.3. Anchor ring or plate | |
| End view | |
| 13.1.4. Reinforcing bar with a bend at a right angle, extending away from the reader | |
| The same in documentation intended for microfilming, and where the rods are located very close to each other | |
| 13.1.5. Reinforcing bar with bend at right angles towards the reader | |
| 13.2. Prestressed reinforcement | |
| 13.2.1. Pre-stressed reinforcing bar and cable: | |
| a) side view | |
| b) section | |
| 13.2.2. Cross section of post-tensioned reinforcement located in a pipe or channel | |
| 13.2.3. Anchoring at prestressing ends | |
| 13.2.4. Embedded anchorage | |
| End view | |
| 13.2.5. Removable connection | |
| 13.2.6. Fixed connection Note. It is permissible to show prestressed reinforcement as a solid, very thick line | |
| 1 3.3. Reinforcement connections | |
| 13.3.1. One flat frame or mesh: | |
| a) conditionally | |
| b) simplified (transverse rods are applied at the ends of the frame or in places where the pitch of the rods changes) | |
| 13.3.2. Several identical flat frames or meshes Note. Reinforcement and embedded products are depicted with a very thick solid line | |
| 14. Connections and fasteners of wooden structural elements | |
| 14.1. On dowels | |
| 14.2. On staples | |
| 14.3. On connectors |
|
| 14.4. Dowel connection: | |
| a) lamellar | |
| b) round | |
| 14.5. Washer connections Notes: 1. Images of fasteners are performed in accordance with GOST 2.315. 2. Conventional images and designations of seams of welded joints are carried out in accordance with GOST 2.312 |
|
Name |
Image to scale |
|
|
1:50 and 1:100 |
||
| 15. Smoke and ventilation ducts | ||
| 15.1. Ventilation shafts and channels | ||
| 15.2. Chimneys (solid fuel) | ||
| 15.3. Smoke stacks (liquid fuel) | ||
| 15.4. Gas pipes | ||
APPENDIX 2
Information
An example of a plan for a one-story industrial building
An example of a floor plan for a residential building
APPENDIX 3
Information
Example of filling out the list of jumpers
An example of filling out the specification of jumper elements
|
Pos. |
Designation |
Name |
Col. per floor |
Unit weight, kg |
Note |
|||
|
Total |
||||||||
|
GOST |
||||||||
An example of the specification of elements for filling openings
|
Pos. |
Designation |
Name |
Col. along the facades |
Unit weight, kg |
Note* |
||||
|
1-10 |
10-1 |
L-A |
A-L |
Total |
|||||
| OGD 18.12-2 | |||||||||
| OTD 18.18-2 | |||||||||
| OGD 18.18-2 | |||||||||
| OGD 24.18-2 | |||||||||
| OGD 24.12-2 | |||||||||
|
Louvre grilles |
|||||||||
| RSh1 | |||||||||
| RSh2 | |||||||||
|
Door blocks |
|||||||||
|
GOST 14624-84 |
DVG21-15 | ||||||||
| DVG24-15 | |||||||||
| GOST 6629-88 | DU24-10 | ||||||||
| GOST 24584-81 | DAO24-10VL | ||||||||
| TU 36-1965-16 | Gate 3.6 ´ 3.6 | ||||||||
APPENDIX 4
Information
An example of a single-story section
industrial building
Cut 1-1
An example of making a multi-story section
industrial building
Cut 2-2
An example of a section of a residential building
Cut 1-1
APPENDIX 5
Information
An example of a facade and a fragment of a facade
industrial building
Facade 1-22.
Fragment 3 facades
An example of the façade of a residential building
APPENDIX 6
Information
Example of a floor plan
APPENDIX 7
Information
Example of a roof plan
APPENDIX 8
Information
An example of the layout of elements,
prefabricated partitions
APPENDIX 9
Information
An example of the layout of elements
filling a window opening
APPENDIX 10
Information
EXAMPLES OF IMPLEMENTATION DIAGRAMS FOR LOCATION OF ELEMENTS OF PREFABRICATED STRUCTURES
Layout of foundation elements
and foundation beams
Layout of columns and crane beams
Layout of coating slabs
Layout of wall panels
Layout of wall panels, partitions and others
elements of a residential building
Layout of columns, crossbars and beams
ceilings at elevation ...
APPENDIX 11
Information
Example of filling out a list of parts
APPENDIX 12
Information
EXAMPLE OF COMPLETING A STEEL CONSUMPTION SHEET, KG
|
Item brand |
Prestressed reinforcement class |
Reinforcing products |
Embedded products |
|||||||||||||||||
|
Class fittings |
Total |
Class fittings |
Rental stamps |
Total |
||||||||||||||||
|
Total |
A-III |
INp-I |
A-III |
VSt3kp2 |
||||||||||||||||
|
GOST 5781-82 |
GOST 5781-82 |
GOST 6727-80 |
GOST 5781-82 |
GOST 103-76 |
GOST 8510-86 |
|||||||||||||||
|
Æ 14 |
Æ 16 |
Æ 20 |
Æ 6 |
Æ 8 |
Æ 10 |
Total |
Æ 5 |
Total |
Æ 16 |
Æ 20 |
Total |
-5 ´ 14 |
-5 ´ 16 |
Total |
L 75 ´ 50 ´ 5 |
Total |
||||
|
2BF6- |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
2BF6- |
||||||||||||||||||||
|
2BF6- |
||||||||||||||||||||
APPENDIX 13
Information
EXAMPLE OF EXECUTION OF A GROUP WORKING DOCUMENT ON A GRID
|
Product brand |
Pos. det. |
Name |
Col. |
Weight |
Product weight, kg |
| Æ 16A-III l = 3050 | |||||
| Æ 8A- I l = 650 | |||||
| Æ 12A-III l = 2150 | |||||
| Æ 6A- I l =550 | |||||
| Æ 10A-III l = 1550 | |||||
| Æ 6A- I l = 550 | |||||
| Æ 16A-III l = 3500 | |||||
| Æ 16A-III l = 3400 | |||||
| Æ 16A-III l = З050 | |||||
| Æ 8A- I l = 350 | |||||
| 08A-I l = 65O | |||||
| Æ 12A-III l = 2500 | |||||
| Æ 12A-III l = 2400 | |||||
| Æ 12A-III l = 2050 | |||||
| Æ 6A-I l = 350 | |||||
| Æ 6A- I l = 650 |
APPENDIX 14
Information
SAMPLE LIST OF METAL PRODUCTS,
FOR WHICH WORKING DRAWINGS ARE CARRIED OUT AS A COMPOSITION OF WORKING DRAWINGS OF REINFORCED CONCRETE STRUCTURES
1. External metal stairs with a width of no more than 1.0 m.2. Stringers of stairs with reinforced concrete steps and platforms.3. Fencing: on the roof, platforms, openings, pits, stairs (reinforced concrete, metal).4. Shields over channels up to 1.0 m wide with a load of no more than 20 kPa (3000 kgf/m2).5. Shields over openings (for example, monolithic ones) with an area of up to 2 m2 with a load of no more than 20 kPa (2000 kgf/m2).6. Canopy structures extending no more than 1.5 m.7. Metal elements of reinforced concrete structures (for example, individual metal beams, connecting products, anchors, outlets, between reinforced concrete slabs, metal waterproofing of walls, profiled decking used as formwork).8. Other metal products, structures, the parameters of which are similar to those listed in paragraphs. 1-7.
APPENDIX 15
Information
EXAMPLE OF DRAWING
INDIVIDUAL PRODUCT
APPENDIX 16
Information
EXAMPLE OF A DRAWING OF A TYPICAL PRODUCT WITH ADDITIONAL EMBODIED PRODUCTS
INFORMATION DATA
REFERENCE REGULATIVE AND TECHNICAL DOCUMENTS
|
Number of item, transfer, application |
|
| GOST 2.108-68 | 4.10 |
| GOST 2.109-73 | 4.1 |
| GOST 2.113-75 | 4.1; 4.10, |
| GOST 2.312-72 | Annex 1 |
| GOST 2.315-68 | " |
| GOST 21.110-95 | 1.2 |
| GOST 21.113-88 | 1.4 |
| GOST 21.101-93 | 1.1; 1.2; 2.1, item 10; 2.2.1; 2.2.2; 2.3.6, item 2; 3.2; 3.4.1 |
| GOST 21780-83 | 1.4 |
In architectural and construction drawings, in order to give them greater clarity, visibility and readability, conventional graphic symbols in accordance with GOST 5401-50 are used for building materials, building elements, sanitary equipment, etc., which makes it possible to shorten the explanatory inscriptions on the drawings.
Symbols for building materials, most often
used in the construction of buildings.
The figure shows the symbols of some building materials most often used in the construction of buildings.
Brick or stone masonry is indicated in the section in the drawings by straight parallel strokes with a slope of 45° to the horizon. The distances between strokes depend on the scale of the drawing. In small drawings, gaps of about 1 mm are taken, in large ones they are increased to 2 - 2.5 mm. The refractory brickwork is hatched into a square check.
In large-scale drawings, the metal parts of structures are shaded in the same way as brick, but a little thicker. On small-scale drawings and in general when the thickness of the cut part in the drawing is less than 2 mm, a solid black fill is made with ink.
Wooden parts in a cross section (from the end) are hatched with circular and radial lines, and in a longitudinal section they are hatched as the fibers go in the wood, and depict the actual arrangement of the layers of wood in nature. Wooden parts that do not fall into the cut are not hatched.
Thin layers of various insulating and cushioning materials (tar paper, cardboard, cork, asbestos, hemp, asphalt, etc.) are depicted as a solid black fill with an explanatory inscription.
Concrete is represented by dots with irregular circles between them. The circles are made by hand with a pen. If two layers of different composition come into contact, they are separated by a horizontal line. The composition of concrete is indicated by inscriptions. Reinforced concrete, i.e. concrete reinforced with iron rods (reinforcement) embedded in it, is indicated by ordinary shading and circles.
Water is depicted with intermittent horizontal parallel strokes, with the spaces between them increasing as they move away from the surface.
Walls and partitions are depicted with two parallel lines, the space between which is shaded with thin oblique lines (at an angle of 45°), sometimes filled with ink, and sometimes left without shading or filling.
Windows and doors are depicted as wall openings of appropriate sizes, which are not shaded, but are depicted as parallel lines for frames and perpendicular for door leaves. The part of the door that opens is called the door leaf.
Doors can consist of one or two door leaves- single-field or double-field. If the canvases have different widths, then the door is one and a half floor.
a - external door;
b - internal door;
c and d - windows;
d - external door;
e - monocotyledon door;
g - double door;
z - window.
Stairs can be internal, if they are located in a special enclosed space called a staircase, external (entrance) and service (basement, attic, etc.). Each staircase consists of inclined parts, called marches, and horizontal platforms.
Marches consist of steps laid along stringers and railings fixed to the steps. The steps are distinguished by their width, called the tread, and their height, called the riser. The slope of the marches is determined by the ratio of the height of the march to its horizontal projection. The steeper the staircase, the more difficult it is to climb.
For residential buildings, slopes are accepted as 1:1.5 - 1:1.75, for attic stairs 1:1, for basement stairs 1:1.25. The staircase is more comfortable if the riser is 15 cm high and the tread is 30 cm.
Sanitary fixtures, i.e. baths, showers, sinks, washbasins, etc., are shown in the figure.
Heating devices- stoves - shown in plan with an outline of their actual outlines (round, corner, rectangular, kitchen hearths, bathroom column). As a rule, a free space is left between the stove and the wall, called a retreat, 8 - 10 cm in size, sealed on the sides with 1/4 or 1/2 brick.
Image of heating devices in the drawing
According to GOST 21.201–2011 to indicate on construction drawings such structural elements of buildings as window sashes facades, special symbols are used. However, the number of bindings themselves is not shown graphically.
To indicate those bindings that open outward, a thin solid line is used in the corresponding images, and those that open inward are used a thin dashed line.
If a binding is not hung on the binding shown on the construction drawing, then the top of the corresponding sign should be directed towards it. As for architectural drawings that depict window blocks, then they must be part of the design documentation or documentation of the order for the manufacture of a particular product.
On those construction drawings that are made on a scale of 1: 200 or less, quarters are not shown.
| Image | Name |
| Binding hung from the side and opened inward | |
| Side hanging and outward opening | |
| Binding suspended from below and opened inward | |
| Bottom hung and outward opening | |
| Top hanging and inward opening | |
| Top hanging and outward opening | |
| The suspension is located horizontally in the middle | |
| The suspension is located vertically in the middle | |
| Sliding window sash | |
| Window casement with riser | |
| Blind binding | |
| Side or bottom suspension and inward opening |
Window sash
A window frame is a building structure necessary to strengthen and divide the glazing field and decorate it. It consists of several elements: transoms, windows, sashes. The window frame, in turn, together with the window frame, makes up the window block.
Window units are designed in such a way that during their operation it is possible to replace glass, double-glazed windows, sealing gaskets, window devices, while maintaining the integrity of these parts.
All opening elements of windows installed in residential buildings must open only to the inside of the premises. For individual structures (for example, windows that are installed in the premises of the first floors of buildings or overlook balconies), modern standards, building codes and regulations provide for the possibility of opening outward.
In order to ensure ventilation of the room, in the windows with which they are equipped, either transoms, or casement windows, or regular windows are installed, or special supply valves are installed in them. Transoms can be either openable or blind; they are usually mounted above the sashes, in the upper parts of window frames. To secure an openable transom in the window frame, a horizontal impost is used.
If the box is wide enough, then a vertical impost is installed in it so that the edges of the vertical bars of the sashes adjoin it. Based on the number of sashes in one row, windows are divided into:
- Single leaf
- Bivalve
- Multi-leaf
As for the design of window frames, they are:
- Single
- Paired
- Separate
- Separately paired
In window blocks with paired sashes there are two of them: external and internal. They are connected to each other, and the inner one, in addition, is hung on the box using hinges. Thus, the sashes, connected to each other by fastening elements, form a binding with a fairly high rigidity.
The design of a separate window block includes a frame, vents, transoms and sashes that open either in one direction or in different directions. Separate-paired window units are a combination of windows with separate and paired sashes. In these windows, the outer sashes are single, and the inner sashes are double. In addition, a term such as “split-pair window sash” is often used to refer to a structure that divides a window into separate parts.
Windows are important elements of the interiors and exteriors of buildings. Often those of them that have an original, non-standard shape are their decorations, while simultaneously playing their utilitarian role. Windows are necessary in order to create comfort in the house; they must have a design that ensures savings in money spent on heating the interior.
What it is
General requirements according to GOST
What to include in the diagram
- item number;
- product name;
- number of units.
Note box
- door dimensions;
- cost of goods;
- total weight.
GOST 16289-86 Wooden windows and balcony doors with triple . Types, design and dimensions
WOODEN WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS WITH TRIPLE GLAZING FOR RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Types, design and dimensions
I.V. Strokov (topic leader); B.A. Filozofovich; I.S. Poselskaya; G.G.Kovalenko; N.N. Tsaplev, Ph.D. tech. sciences; A.V. Tkachenko; G.V.Levushkin; N.V.Shvedov
APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated November 14, 1985 No. 192
STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION
WOODEN WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS GOST
WITH TRIPLE GLAZING FOR RESIDENTIAL 16289-86
AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Types, design and dimensions
Wooden windows and balcony doors of triple Instead
glazing for housing and public buildings. GOST 16289-80
By Decree of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated November 14, 1985 No. 192, the implementation period was established
This standard applies to wooden windows and balcony doors with triple glazing intended for residential and public buildings, as well as for auxiliary buildings and premises of enterprises in various sectors of the national economy.
1. MAIN SIZES AND GRADES
1.1. Windows and balcony doors are manufactured according to this standard with separate sashes and door leaves.
1.2. The overall dimensions of windows and balcony doors and the dimensions of openings for them must correspond to:
1.3. Windows sizes 9-13.5; 12-13.5; 15-13.5; 18-13.5 and 21-13.5 modules (module M = 100 mm) for filling openings in walls made of non-modular bricks of facing masonry, at the request of the consumer, must be manufactured with a width of 80 mm greater than that indicated in the drawing. 1 by increasing the width of the wide sashes, and a window with dimensions of 15-6 modules is 70 mm less wide than indicated in the drawing. 1, in this case the marking is changed accordingly to 9-14; 12-14; 15-14; 18-14; 21-14 and 15-5.
1.4. At the request of consumers, single-leaf windows and balcony doors, incl. with window sashes and transoms, should also be made on the left, and multi-leaf windows with an asymmetrical pattern - in a negative image.
1.5. The following structure of the symbol (brand) of windows and balcony doors is established:
Examples of symbols:
Right window type RS for an opening 15 dm high and 9 dm wide:
ORS15-9 GOST 16289-86
ORS15-9L GOST 16289-86
Window type RS for an opening 15 dm high and 13.5 dm wide, with a sash:
ORS15-13.5 GOST 16289-86
The same, for an opening 18 inches high and 18 inches wide, with an asymmetrical pattern (option B):
ORS18-18V GOST 16289-86
ORS18-18VN GOST 16289-86
Right balcony door type RS for an opening with a height of 22 and a width of 7.5 dm:
BRS22-7.5 GOST 16289-86
BRS22-7.5 L GOST 16289-86
2. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Windows and balcony doors must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23166-78 and this standard according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
2.2. The design, shape, main dimensions and brands of windows and balcony doors for residential buildings must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 3-6, section sizes - as shown in Fig. 7-15; for public buildings on the devil. 16-22, section sizes - as shown in Fig. 23-32.
2.3. Dimensions on general views of windows and balcony doors are given in the light, on the outer sides of the sashes, vents, transoms and door leaves and on the outer sides of the frames.
The drawings given in this standard show dimensions for unpainted parts and products in millimeters.
2.4. To drain rainwater, holes with a diameter of 10 mm are drilled in the lower bars of boxes and in horizontal imposts under wide sashes, transoms and curtains, located at a distance of 50 mm from the vertical bars of boxes and imposts, and under window and narrow sashes - one hole in the middle of the sashes.
2.5. External casements of windows and external leaves of balcony doors must be equipped with mortise screws with removable handles, and transoms - with transom devices in accordance with GOST 5090-79.
2.6. External casements of windows and external leaves of balcony doors must be hung on mortise hinges with removable rods in accordance with GOST 5088-76.
Internal window sashes with a height of more than 1400 mm and a width of more than 600 mm, a height of more than 1000 mm and a width of more than 900 mm, as well as balcony door leaves must be hung with three hinges.
2.7. For glazing windows and balcony doors of residential buildings, glass in accordance with GOST 111-78 with a thickness of 2.5-3 mm should be used, and for public buildings - with a thickness of 3-4 mm.
The thickness of the glass is specified in the project taking into account wind loads and noise impacts in the construction area and is indicated in the order for the products.
2.9. At the request of consumers, longitudinal grooves of various profiles are allowed along the perimeter of window frames and balcony doors on the end and side surfaces, filled with wooden inserts and framed with platbands when connecting the products to each other.
2.10. To ensure the possibility of equipping windows and balcony doors of public buildings with lever-type transom devices, it is allowed to increase the thickness of the upper and vertical bars of frames and imposts by 20 mm without changing the dimensions of the products.
2.11. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture balcony doors 28 modules high with transoms in separate boxes. In this case, the height of the blind part of the panels or the glazed part of the transoms is reduced by 50 mm.
2.12. The location of devices in windows and balcony doors (examples) is given in Appendix 3; the specification of glass for windows and balcony doors of residential buildings is given in Appendix 4, the specification of glass for windows and balcony doors of public buildings is given in Appendix 5; The transom connector and stop handle are given in Appendix 6.
Types and overall dimensions of windows and balcony doors in residential buildings
Types and overall dimensions of windows and balcony doors of public buildings
Notes to hell. 1 and 2.
Sections along the narthexes of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings
GOST 11214-86 glazing for residential and public buildings. Types, design and dimensions
STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION
WOODEN WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS WITH DOUBLE
GLAZING FOR RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Types, design and dimensions
State Construction Committee of the USSR
DEVELOPED by the State Committee for Civil Engineering and Architecture under the USSR State Construction Committee
I. V. Strokov (topic leader); B. A. Filozofovich; I. S. Poselskaya; G.G. Kovalenko; N. N. Tsaplev, Ph.D. tech. sciences; A. V. Tkachenko; G. V. Levushkin; N.V. Shvedov
INTRODUCED by the State Committee for Civil Engineering and Architecture under the USSR State Construction Committee
Deputy Chairman M.P. Kokhanenko
APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated November 14, 1985 No. 191
STATE STANDARD OF THE USSR UNION
WOODEN WINDOWS AND BALCONY DOORS WITH DOUBLE
GLAZING FOR RESIDENTIAL AND PUBLIC BUILDINGS
Types, design and dimensions
Wooden windows and balcony doors of double
glazing for housing and public buildings.
Types, structure and dimensions
In return
GOST 11214-78
By Decree of the USSR State Committee for Construction Affairs dated November 14, 1985 No. 191, the implementation period was established
This standard applies to wooden windows and balcony doors with double glazing intended for residential and public buildings, as well as for auxiliary buildings and premises of enterprises in various sectors of the national economy.
1. TYPES, SIZES AND GRANDS
for residential buildings - indicated on the drawing. 1 and Appendix 1;
for public buildings - indicated on the drawing. 2 and in Appendix 2.
Windows and balcony doors shown in the drawing. 1 can also be used for public buildings.
OS 15-9 GOST 11214-86
OS 15-9L GOST 11214-86
BS 22-9 GOST 11214-86
OR 18-18V GOST 11214-86
The same, in a negative image:
OR 18-18VN GOST 11214-86
OS 15-13.5 GOST 11214-86
BS 22-7.5 GOST 11214-86
The same for the left balcony door:
BS 22-7.5L GOST 11214-86
2. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
2.8. The locations of sealing polyurethane foam gaskets in accordance with GOST 10174-72 in the vestibules of windows and balcony doors are indicated in the section drawings.
Notes to hell. 1 and 2:
1. Product diagrams are shown from the facade.
2. The numbers above the product diagrams indicate the dimensions of the openings in the modules.
Design, shape, main dimensions and brands of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings
1. TYPES, SIZES AND GRANDS
1.1. Windows and balcony doors manufactured according to this standard are divided into types:
C - with paired doors and door leaves;
R - with separate doors and leaves.
1.2. The overall dimensions of windows, balcony doors and the dimensions of openings for them must correspond to:
for residential buildings - indicated on the drawing. 1 and Appendix 1;
for public buildings - indicated on the drawing. 2 and in Appendix 2.
Windows and balcony doors shown in the drawing. 1 can also be used for public buildings.
1.3. Windows sizes 9-13.5; 12-13.5; 15-13.5; 18-13.5 and 21-13.5 modules (module M-100 mm) for filling openings in walls made of non-modular bricks of facing masonry, at the request of the consumer, it is allowed to produce a width of 80 mm more than specified, due to the increase in wide sashes, and the window dimensions 15-6 modules - 70 mm less than specified in width, while the marking is changed accordingly to 9-14; 12-14; 15-14; 18-14; 21-14 and 15-5.
1.4. For residential buildings erected in climatic region IV, it is allowed to use windows with a narrow sash (without a window).
1.5. At the request of consumers, single-leaf windows and balcony doors, incl. with window sashes and transoms, should also be made on the left, and multi-leaf windows with an asymmetrical pattern - in a negative image.
1.6. The following structure of the symbol (brand) of windows and balcony doors is established:
At the end of the brand of windows and balcony doors with single glazing, before the standard designation, add the number 1 separated by a dash.
An example of a symbol for a type C window for an opening 15 inches high and 9 inches wide, with right-hand hinged sashes:
OS 15-9 GOST 11214-86
The same, with the left hinged doors:
OS 15-9L GOST 11214-86
Right balcony door type C for an opening 22 dm high and 9 dm wide:
BS 22-9 GOST 11214-86
The same, type P window for an opening 18 dm high and 18 dm wide, with an asymmetrical window pattern (option B):
OR 18-18V GOST 11214-86
The same, in a negative image:
OR 18-18VN GOST 11214-86
The same, type C windows for an opening with a height of 15 and a width of 13.5 dm, with a window sash:
OS 15-13.5 GOST 11214-86
The same for the right balcony door type C for an opening 22 inches high and 7.5 inches wide with a right door hinge:
BS 22-7.5 GOST 11214-86
The same for the left balcony door:
BS 22-7.5L GOST 11214-86
2. DESIGN REQUIREMENTS
2.1. Windows and balcony doors must be manufactured in accordance with the requirements of GOST 23166-78, the requirements of this standard and according to working drawings approved in the prescribed manner.
2.2. The design, shape, main dimensions and brands of windows and balcony doors of type C for residential buildings must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 3-5, for public buildings - to hell. 6-11, and the dimensions of the sections of parts and vestibules are on the devil. 12-23.
2.3. The design, shape, main dimensions and brands of windows and balcony doors of type P for residential buildings must correspond to those indicated in the drawing. 24-27, for public buildings - to hell. 37-43, and the dimensions of the sections of parts and vestibules for residential buildings are on the devil. 28-36, public buildings - to hell. 44-53.
2.4. Dimensions on general views of windows and balcony doors are given in light on the outer sides of the sashes, transoms, vents, door leaves and on the outer sides of the frames.
The drawings given in this standard indicate the dimensions of unpainted parts and products in millimeters.
2.5. To drain rainwater, slots with a width of 12 mm are made in the lower bars of frames and in horizontal imposts of windows and balcony doors of type C, and holes with a diameter of 10 mm are drilled in windows and balcony doors of type P, located under wide sashes, balcony door leaves and transoms at a distance 50 mm from the vertical bars of boxes and imposts, and under window and narrow sashes - one slot or one hole in the middle.
2.6. External window sashes and balcony door leaves of type P must be hung on mortise hinges with removable rods in accordance with GOST 5088. Internal sashes of type C windows with a height of more than 1400 mm and a width of more than 600 mm, as well as a height of more than 1000 mm and a width of more than 900 mm must be hung on 3 loops.
2.7. For glazing windows and balcony doors of residential buildings, glass with a thickness of 2.5-3 mm should be used according to GOST 111-78, and for public buildings with a thickness of 3-4 mm.
The thickness of the glass is specified in the project and when ordering products, taking into account wind loads and noise impacts in the construction area.
2.8. The locations of sealing polyurethane foam gaskets in accordance with GOST 10174-72 in the vestibules of windows and balcony doors are indicated in the section drawings.
2.9. At the request of consumers, along the perimeter of window and door frames on the end and side surfaces, it is allowed to install longitudinal grooves of various profiles, filled with liners and framed by platbands when connecting the blocks to each other.
2.10. In residential and public buildings for climatic regions, where, according to thermal engineering calculations, windows and balcony doors with double glazing are not required, as well as in unheated buildings and premises, only external elements of windows and balcony doors of type P should be used, and the thickness of the frame bar should not be less than 54 mm, and the section sizes are established in the working drawings.
2.11. To ensure the possibility of equipping windows and balcony doors of public buildings with lever-type transom devices, it is allowed to increase the thickness of the upper and vertical bars of frames and imposts by 20 mm without changing the dimensions of the products.
2.12. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture balcony doors 28 modules high with transoms in separate boxes. In this case, the height of the blind part of the panels or the glazed part of the transoms is reduced by 50 mm.
2.13. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to manufacture type C windows with a height of 6 and 9 modules, intended for staircases, without an impost with the sash hinged on the lower horizontal axis with the mandatory installation of opening limiters.
2.14. By agreement between the manufacturer and the consumer, it is allowed to fill the blind part of the internal panels of balcony doors of types C and P with cement particle boards in accordance with GOST 26816-86 separately or with wood fiber boards, and in the external panels, replacing the wooden cladding with cement particle boards 12 mm thick. Other options for filling the blind part of the outer panels are allowed, which do not reduce the performance characteristics of the products, while the filling (panel) must be buried in the quarters of the bars and secured with a layout (bead).
2.15. The location of devices in windows and balcony doors (examples) is given in recommended Appendix 3; the specification of glass for windows and balcony doors of residential buildings is given in reference Appendix 4, the specification of glass for windows and balcony doors of public buildings is given in reference Appendix 5.
Overall dimensions of windows and balcony doors of types C and P of residential buildings
Overall dimensions of windows and balcony doors of types C and P of public buildings
Notes to hell. 1 and 2:
1. Product diagrams are shown from the facade.
2. The numbers above the product diagrams indicate the dimensions of the openings in the modules.
3. Windows of residential buildings with a height of 18 modules and balcony doors with a height of 24 modules are of limited use for climatic subdistricts 1A, 1B and 1G.
Design, shape, main dimensions and brands of windows and balcony doors of residential buildings
Design, shape, main dimensions and brands of windows and balcony doors of public buildings
Sections along the narthexes of windows and balcony doors of residential and public buildings
1 — sealing gaskets; 2 - loop (for side section)
Specification of elements for filling doorways: GOST requirements
During the construction of any type of building, one of the main documents establishing the design plan is the specification form for the elements of filling the openings. It indicates a list of necessary items, their design features, sizes and other characteristics. There are even separate GOST standards on this subject; they primarily concern the rules for drawing up specifications and the principle of submitting the necessary information.
What it is
For a person who has heard such a term for the first time, it will be interesting to find out in more detail what the specification of elements for filling doorways is. At its core, it is a kind of document, or rather, part of the design documentation for any building. It complements the drawn up drawings and demonstrates the names and models of those elements with which it is planned to fill the doorways in the future. In other words, it is a list of structures and their individual parts that are required to complete a construction project. Thanks to the specification, you can estimate the construction budget and see a more accurate plan for the final result.
When performing independent work on the construction of a building on a private plot, there is no need to draw up a specification. You can make do with approximate calculations and purchase everything you need during the interior finishing work.
The rules for compiling this list are determined by GOST. The same requirements also apply to the specifications for window openings, niches and partitions with gaps.
Specification of openings with door opening type
General requirements according to GOST
In order for the specification form for opening filling elements to comply with GOST, it is necessary to carefully study standard number 21.101. This describes general provisions regarding the rules for implementing design documentation during the construction of a building. It is imperative to draw up detailed drawings, which should be accompanied by a specification. The corresponding designations allow you to more accurately present a picture of the future structure.
You should also refer to GOST 21.501. This paragraph explains the rules for drawing up the drawings themselves. Both standards contain many subclauses. As for the doorways themselves, they are mentioned here separately. When performing specifications on drawings, it is important to comply with special requirements regarding the dimensions of the table. Specific dimensions for columns and spacing for rows are provided here.
In general, for a person who does not have special skills or education in this field, it will be quite difficult in a short time to understand all the intricacies of drawing up project documentation, including specifications.
GOST 21.501 - a document regulating the rules for drawing up specifications
What to include in the diagram
According to GOST, there is a pre-designed form intended for filling out the specification. It takes into account the presence of all the necessary columns for entering product parameters. There is a category of mandatory names that cannot be removed from the form. In some cases, they are quite sufficient for a basic description of the situation. If you need to indicate any specific data, it is possible to add auxiliary columns for this type of information.
In general, the following parameters are entered into the diagram:
- item number;
- product name;
- number of units.
Additionally, specific units of measurement, the weight of items recorded in the specification, or a specific brand or model may be indicated.
For doorways, the specification list usually includes only a few components. First of all, this is, of course, the door leaf and frame or arch. In addition, additional elements, thresholds and platbands, as well as other elements of the design of the opening, can be attributed to them. In some cases, the inventory also contains individual fragments of the canvas itself. For example, it could be glass and stained glass. Protective structures such as grilles and roller shutters must also be recorded on the form.
An example of a door specification in accordance with GOST
Note box
In addition to the main provisions, GOST requires the presence of an additional column in the specification form - “Notes”. In this section, brief notes can be made regarding important design points that are not included in the general list of columns. These primarily include:
- door dimensions;
- dimensions of the opening framing structure;
- the material from which the filling element is made;
- cost of goods;
- total weight.
In addition to the specification, ideally there should be a detailed building plan with drawings in several projections. The rules for their implementation are also established by GOST.
The specification allows you to more fully cover the list of upcoming work and indicates a list of necessary materials to complete construction and design openings. This is very convenient when you need to provide an estimate for each item.