What is the name of decorative viburnum? Detailed description of Viburnum

The answer to this question is simple: whatever the gardener wants, so it will turn out. It all depends on how to shape the plant. In other words, the future fate of the viburnum, whether it is called a tree or a shrub, depends on pruning and pinching.

The formed tree will look very attractive on the site: during the flowering period, the crown is strewn with snow-white tassels of flowers; in some decorative varieties, they resemble balls. Closer to autumn, the crown turns an attractive red color, thanks to ripe berries, and soon all the foliage turns orange and burgundy.

Viburnum, growing in our country, is a deciduous tree or shrub. It’s difficult to describe what viburnum looks like in two words. The culture includes about two hundred species.

Breeders who have done serious work have developed excellent varieties with high yields and very large sweet berries. There are varieties that reach a height of 4 meters, while others, especially decorative ones, are low-growing.

The leaves are wide, three and five lobed, with sharp ends. The upper part of the leaf is bright green, the lower part is gray-green. The leaves are attached to the branch on petioles (up to 2 cm). In autumn, the bush changes its green color to orange or red. The flowers are white or cream collected in racemes. Small flowers form umbrella racemes up to 8 cm in diameter. In the central zone, flowering begins at the end of May and lasts about 20 days.

The berries are oblong or round, bright red, with a flattened seed inside. The berry size is about 1 cm in diameter. The fruits ripen closer to September, and become most delicious after the first frost. Their benefits are enormous. The healing properties are used not only in folk medicine, but are also recognized by scientific medicine. In addition, delicious berries and juice are used in cooking, especially in confectionery.

The multi-stemmed viburnum bush looks no less bright in the garden; moreover, it bears fruit richly, which allows you to make invaluable preparations for the winter. Shrubs planted along the perimeter of the site (hedge) create an impenetrable thicket. This is widely used to protect an area from intruders.

So, whether viburnum is a shrub or a tree is up to the garden owner to decide.

Distribution area

In Russia, red viburnum grows everywhere in the European part, with the exception of the northern and southeastern regions, in Siberia and the Baikal region, and in Central Asia.

In our forests you won’t surprise anyone with these trees and shrubs. They are found in the deciduous zone, in mixed forests. Good harvests ripen in the sun, which whole families gather in the fall to add vitamins to the table in winter. In the shade, viburnum bears scant fruit. In the wild, it prefers places close to water - near rivers and ponds.

Planting viburnum in the country

Choosing a place to plant viburnum

In which place in the garden the viburnum will bloom is up to the owner to decide, as well as what function it will perform.

It could be:

a single planted tree, a group of trees or a bush (viburnum grows in partial shade and shade, but feels best in an open sunny area);
bushes acting as a fence (along the fence);
bushes or trees planted on the slope of the site. In this case, the powerful root system of the plant is used, which can strengthen steep areas.

Nowadays it’s even difficult to imagine a summer cottage without at least one viburnum tree or bush. If someone has not acquired a fruit-bearing plant, then probably the charm of the ornamental variety forced them to plant this beautiful specimen, perhaps more than one, near their country house.

There is nothing difficult about planting. You just need to follow a few rules, as a result of which the seedling will turn into a lush bush or an exquisite tree. Viburnum is planted in spring or autumn.

Soil selection

Neutral or slightly acidic. The place and land are prepared in advance. Mix the soil well with peat and granular potassium phosphate fertilizer. This is done a month before planting the seedling. The soil will be significantly enriched and stable. You should not resort to organic fertilizer, as it provokes the growth of a large number of weeds, and they are the enemies of viburnum!

The planting hole is dug to a depth of about 40 cm, with the same diameter. To the soil you need to add a couple of tablespoons of urea and a glass of dolomite flour or ash. The top layer of soil, already enriched with peat, humus and fertilizers, will reliably cover the roots.

Planting a seedling with bare roots

Open roots: a small earthen mound is poured in the center of the hole, onto which the plant trunk is placed, and its roots are carefully and carefully spread along the walls of the mound, after which they are covered with the rest of the earth.

Planting a seedling with closed roots

Closed roots: the seedling is placed in the middle of the hole and covered with soil.

It is important not to forget to deepen the root collar a little, but no more than 4-5 centimeters!

After planting, compact the soil and mulch it with peat, then make a circular depression around the trunk and water the new plant generously.

Viburnum care

Kalina is a little capricious lady and requires constant attention.

Watering

Since the plant loves moisture, it has to be watered every week to prevent the soil from drying out. Naturally, rainy weather works to the gardener’s advantage here, but during periods of drought one cannot be lazy. An adult bush requires at least 3-4 buckets of water.

Trimming

It is best to do pruning in the spring, before sap flow begins. Some fans do it in the fall, but this is not very good due to the approaching winter. It is unknown how severe it will be. First of all, sanitary pruning is carried out - all dried and diseased branches are removed. After this, a bush or tree is formed.

Top dressing

For proper development and fruiting, the plant is fed twice a year - in spring and autumn. In early spring, before the growing season, nitroammophoska (phosphorus, nitrogen, potassium) is poured under each bush or tree - 50 grams per 1 square meter. After this, the soil is dug up and watered. In autumn, only phosphorus (40 g per 1 sq.m.) and potassium (20 g per 1 sq.m.) are added. Dig up the soil and water it.

Pest Control

Very important in caring for viburnum is its pollination from insects. This tree is attractive not only to humans, but also to harmful insects.

Black aphid

Young tender spring shoots are dotted with small black dots. The larvae infest everything, the leaves curl up and dry out. The growth of the bush slows down.

The fight against aphids must begin in the spring on all fronts. Firstly, properly weed the area around the trunk, remove all weeds; secondly, it is useful to give a tree or bush a shower in the evening - douse it with water; thirdly, resort to natural “preparations” for pests - infusions of celandine, potato tops, pepper; fourthly, if the struggle ends in defeat for the gardener, turn to chemical means.

Leaf beetles

In addition to aphids, tasty viburnum is affected by leaf beetles. This beetle manages, if you don’t fight it in time, to turn the foliage of a tree or bush into lace! It especially reproduces in cold and wet weather. Having eaten all the leaves, the pest will not calm down - it will move on to the flowers. Thus, it will leave the owners without a harvest.

The most effective method of combating it is spraying with Karbofos.

leaf roller

Another pest. Caterpillars wrap leaves, entangle them in webs, and devour them. They must be destroyed manually and burned. It’s a good idea to spray the bush with Karbofos.

Who else “loves” viburnum: sawfly, gall midge. Spraying must be done before and after flowering. This is the only way to cope with the invasion of harmful insects.

Proper care of the common viburnum, the most widespread in Russia in the wild and lovingly cultivated in garden plots, brings kilograms of vitamin products, elixirs for many ailments, and confectionery delights to the table every year.

In a word, viburnum is an edible, beautiful, healthy, desirable berry in any home!

Canadian viburnum (lat. Viburnum lentago)– a species of the genus Viburnum of the Adoxaceae family. It occurs naturally on river banks, forest edges and rocky slopes in eastern Canada. Most often it grows in tandem with coniferous and deciduous trees. Widely used in cooking, landscape design, medicine and cosmetology.

Characteristics of culture

Viburnum viburnum is a tall deciduous shrub, less often a small tree up to 5-6 m high with a dense ovoid crown. The leaves are green, smooth, broadly oval, pointed at the ends, finely toothed along the edges, up to 10-12 cm long. In autumn, the foliage acquires a beautiful reddish tint, often with a purple or burgundy tint. The flowers are small, cream or white-cream, collected in corymbs that reach 10-12 cm in diameter.

The fruits are elongated, at first green, closer to ripening - blue-black with a bluish bloom, edible, up to 1.5 m in diameter. Flowering of the Canadian viburnum occurs in June and lasts about two weeks. The aroma of the flowers is weak, but develops at a distance of 1-2 m. Viburnum viburnum is considered a cold-resistant crop; it easily tolerates frosty winters, but unripe shoots can freeze. The viburnum species in question begins to bear fruit for the first time at 5-6 years. Subsequent fruiting is annual and abundant.

Unlike other representatives of the genus, Canadian viburnum is undemanding in terms of soil composition, although it has a negative attitude towards waterlogging and waterlogging. Shrubs are highly decorative and unpretentious, therefore ideal for landscaping personal plots and city parks and alleys. They can be grown either singly or in groups. The average life expectancy is 70-80 years. Viburnum is propagated by seeds and cuttings. Seeds need two-stage stratification, otherwise seed germination will not exceed 20%.

Growing conditions and planting

Canadian viburnum accepts light openwork partial shade; even in such conditions, the plants bloom profusely and produce good harvests. The culture accepts both plains and slopes, and all thanks to a well-developed root system. As mentioned above, Canadian viburnum is undemanding to the soil, but it develops best on slightly acidic or neutral, moderately moist, loose soils. Planting in close proximity to an artificial or natural reservoir is not prohibited, but water should not wash the root system.

Planting seedlings in Canadian viburnum is carried out in early spring or autumn. The dimensions of the planting pit are 50*50 cm. The top layer of soil removed from the pit is mixed with peat or humus, and phosphorus (40 g), potassium (30 g) and nitrogen (30 g) fertilizers are applied. This approach will speed up the survival time. The optimal distance between shrubs is 1.5-2 m. With denser plantings, plants are more often affected by pests, which should not be allowed, since viburnum is not resistant to uninvited guests.

Collection and storage

Viburnum is harvested in dry weather. Collection is carried out together with umbrellas. Damaged and wrinkled berries are removed from the total mass. Berries are stored canned, frozen or dry. In all cases, they retain their beneficial properties, although it is undesirable to subject them to long-term heat treatment; five-minute jam is optimal. The berries are dried for several days in the open sun, covered with gauze to prevent flies, then placed in a drying cabinet and dried at a temperature of 60-65C. Dry berries are stored in fabric bags (linen or cotton).

Usage

Canadian viburnum is good not only in landscape design, although this beauty is used in group and single plantings and hedges. Shrubs look especially impressive in combination with rowan, spruce, birch, linden and maple. It will be a wonderful decoration of the coastal zone.

Viburnum viburnum is a honey plant. Its fruits are actively used in cooking - for preparing sauces for meat and fish, jelly, jelly, marshmallows, marmalade, jam, kvass, etc. The healing properties of viburnum are praised by the people; previously it was considered a symbol of beauty, purity and love. To this day, viburnum is famous for its healing effect; it is widely used in cosmetology for rejuvenating, toning and eliminating dry skin.

Viburnum berries boast a rich composition: oleic, isovaleric, valeric, acetic and formic acids, vitamin C, carotene, invert sugars, P-active compounds, pectin substances, mineral salts. Infusions, decoctions and berries ground with honey are useful for shortness of breath, colds, coughs, liver and kidney diseases, hypertension, vascular spasms, and nervous overexcitation. They are effective as a preventative against cancer, especially of the digestive system.

The genus includes 200 species, distributed in the subtropical and temperate zones of Eurasia.

Description of viburnum

Viburnum grows in the form of deciduous or evergreen shrubs, sometimes small trees. Most species are shade-tolerant and moisture-loving. Absolutely all species have opposite, sometimes whorled, arrangement of leaves. Red or black fruits are mostly edible. Viburnum reproduces cuttings, seeds, layering. Residents of central Russia have the sign of viburnum due to its wide distribution - common viburnum.

In the wild, it can be found in almost every forest - in a clearing, edge, clearing.

Viburnums are very decorative. Most begin to bloom in May, ending the spring riot of flowers with pinkish, white or yellowish inflorescences. Flowering, sometimes stretching for three weeks. All viburnums are excellent honey plants.

Viburnums are also famous for their fruits. The berries acquire color already in August. They look great against the background of a green crown, delight the eye all autumn and decorate the bushes even in winter. In some species the fruits are pinkish-orange or red. Other types of viburnum produce black berries with a blue or bluish tinge. But there is such a viburnum that has fruits of 2 colors: ripe ones are black, and others, unripe ones, are red in color.

Types and varieties of viburnum

Some species of viburnum have decorative forms that differ from their ancestors in special appearance features. The most famous cultivar of viburnum is Buldenezh.

Viburnum red or common

It grows in the forest and forest-steppe zones of almost all of Europe.

Shrub or tree 4 m in height. The trunk of the bush is covered with fissured bark. The leaves of the common viburnum are large, 5-lobed, light green in the spring, simply green in the summer, and reddish in the fall.

Barren white flowers bloom several days earlier than fertile viburnums, decorating the bush for 15 days. The fruits are red, round-shaped drupes with yellow flesh, edible, and look cute against the background of greenery.

Has decorative forms:

Viburnum common"Nanum" is a dwarf form (1m) with small leaves. Grows from April to early October. Growth is slow. In winter it freezes a little.

Viburnum common“Roseum” is the most common, it is also called “Bulde-nezh”. The height of the bush is 2 m, the height of the tree is 4 m. The crown of the common viburnum Buldenezh is wide-spreading. The spherical inflorescences consist of sterile flowers, first olive, then white, resembling snowballs.

When blooming, the flowers of the viburnum Buldenezh turn pink. During flowering, which lasts 35 days, the shrub is decorative both in group and single plantings. It looks especially impressive near the water and in standard form.

Viburnum common"Compactum" ("Compactum"), the bush is up to 2 m in height. It blooms in June.

Flowers of Viburnum vulgare "Compactum", marginal white, middle small, bisexual, pinkish or white. The fruits of Viburnum Viburnum "Compactum" are bright red..

Viburnum common"Aureum" A compact bush with a height of 2 m. The foliage is yellow and turns green in summer. Her flowers are white. The fruits of Viburnum viburnum "Aureum" are beautiful red. Looks beautiful in light partial shade, especially in sunny, hot summers. It may freeze.

Kalina Sargenta

Under natural conditions, it is widespread in the Far East, Eastern Siberia, Sakhalin, Korea, and Japan. Viburnum Sargent is widespread in the European part of Russia, in Altai, the Urals, where it is found along forest edges, clearings, and among thickets near water.

Viburnum Sargent has a spreading bush and leaves with long petioles and a central vein. Flowering begins at the end of May. Sterile flowers up to 3 cm in diameter; the flowers have purple, sometimes yellow, anthers. In early October, spherical, bright red fruits ripen.

Shade-tolerant, winter-hardy. Viburnum Sargent is a good ornamental shrub, especially spectacular during flowering and fruiting, in solitary plants along the banks of reservoirs.

Kalina Gordovina

It is a well-known viburnum with black fruits, which are also edible. Viburnum gourdovina is widespread in Asia Minor, Central and Southern Europe, and the North Caucasus.

Viburnum viburnum has a completely different appearance compared to red viburnum. The shrub is 5 m high. The crown is compact, dense, 2.5 m in diameter.

Viburnum gordovina is one of the most beautiful ornamental shrubs; it has long been used in landscaping parks and gardens. Undemanding to soil, frost-resistant, shade-tolerant, drought-resistant, retains pink-red leaves and black fruits until winter. Excellent propagation by seeds.

This type of viburnum is one of the most beautiful ornamental shrubs, elegant during flowering, during the period of fruit ripening and in the autumn season with brightly colored foliage. Pairs perfectly with linden and oak.

Viburnum pride has decorative forms: variegated - with yellow-variegated foliage; and wrinkled - with larger inflorescences and more wrinkled leaves.

Viburnum gordovina "Aureum". Bush 3 m high, with oval leaves. The leaves are golden on top and silvery-felt underneath.

Viburnum gourdovina "Aureo-variegatum". The leaves of this viburnum have yellow stripes and spots. Flowering occurs in May and can sometimes bear fruit.

Viburnum black

Grows in the south of Khabarovsk and Primorsky Krai. Grows in coniferous-deciduous forests.

A strongly branching, spreading bush about 3 m in height, sometimes a small tree with an openwork crown, a grayish trunk and light, bare, yellow-gray branches. The leaves are elliptical, acute at the apex, dark green above; yellow-white, inconspicuous flowers are collected in stitch-shaped inflorescences.

The fruits of black viburnum have shiny, black skin and sweet pulp, edible.

Black viburnum is light-loving and demanding on the soil. Tolerates transplantation well. Decorative all season, but especially in autumn.

Protection from pests and diseases: viburnum is often affected by the viburnum bark beetle, which eats all the foliage, leaving only veins. To combat it, you can treat it with 0.2% chlorophos.

Decorative forms of viburnum It is best to propagate by cuttings. Their rooting rate is very high.

All viburnums are decorative, some have a variety of decorative forms. Viburnums are very impressive against the background of linden, birch, maple, spruce and rowan trees. Viburnums in the garden are not only beautiful, but also useful, medicinal and edible plants.

Family: honeysuckle (Caprifoliaceae).

Motherland

In nature, viburnum is distributed in the temperate and subtropical zones of the Northern Hemisphere, in Europe, Asia, North America, and North Africa. The genus contains about 150 species.

Form: deciduous (less often evergreen) shrub or tree.

Description

Viburnum is a perennial shrub or small tree up to 4 m high. The leaves of viburnum are usually opposite, less often whorled, simple, with stipules, entire, lobed or serrated. Viburnum flowers are white, creamy white or pinkish, collected in racemes. Viburnum fruits are red or blue-black, depending on the type. Most types of viburnum bloom in late May - early June; long-lasting flowering. The root system of viburnum is fibrous. Viburnum is an excellent honey plant. Plants are decorative with their flowers, leaves and fruits.

Viburnum common , or Red viburnum (V. opulus). A large, wide, vertically growing shrub or tree up to 4-5 m tall and wide, often forming thickets. The bark of the red viburnum is gray-brown, with cracks. The leaves of the plants are large, broadly ovate, three- or five-lobed, light green in spring, dark green in summer, reddish in autumn. Red viburnum flowers are large and white. The fruits of the species are red, shiny, round or elliptical, edible, look impressive against the background of foliage, and stay on the plant for a long time. The growth rate of red viburnum is medium or high. The root system of plants is superficial, wide, and not sensitive to flooding or compaction. Red viburnum suffers from high temperatures and drought.

Viburnum black , or viburnum gordovina, or pride (V. lantana). Dense powerful bush up to 5 m tall with a dense, wide, compact crown. All parts of the black viburnum are covered with small white hairs. The leaves of the pride are wrinkled, ovate-oval, dense, wide, dark green above, bluish below. The flowers are creamy white. The fruits of black viburnum are shiny, edible, initially red, later turning black. The pride is simultaneously decorated with both red and black fruits; the fruits turn completely black in September. In nature, black viburnum is found in Central and Southern Europe, Asia Minor, North Africa, and the North Caucasus.

Viburnum canadian (V. lentago) - a tall shrub or small tree up to 6 m tall with an ovoid crown. The leaves of Canadian viburnum are broadly oval, pointed, smooth, shiny, finely toothed along the edges, bright green in summer, all shades of red in autumn. The flowers are small, creamy white. The fruits of Canadian viburnum are initially green, later bluish-black, with a bluish bloom, and are edible. Canadian viburnum differs in that it reacts poorly to waterlogged soils. In nature, the plants are found in Canada and the USA.

Viburnum bureinskaya , or viburnum buryat (V. burejaeticum). Strongly branching shrub up to 3 m tall with a spreading openwork crown. The leaves of the Buryat viburnum are elliptical or ovate, pointed, sharp-toothed along the edges, dark green above, slightly pubescent, lighter below. The flowers of Buryat viburnum are yellowish-white, the fruits are black and edible. Buryat viburnum is light-loving and demanding on soil fertility. In nature, plants are found in the south of Primorsky and Khabarovsk Territories, Northeast China, and North Korea.

(V. Sargentii). Spreading multi-branched shrub up to 4 m tall. The leaves of Sargent's viburnum are located on long petioles and have a deep central vein. The flowers are larger. The fruits of the plants are bright red and ripen in early October. Viburnum Sargent is undemanding to soil conditions. In nature, plants are found in Eastern Siberia, the Far East, Sakhalin, Korea, Northern China, and Japan.

Kalina Raita (V. wrightii). A straight-trunked, densely branched shrub up to 2.5 m tall with smooth, gray-brown bark. The leaves of Wright's viburnum are obovate, jagged along the edge, pubescent, green above, paler below. The flowers are white, the fruits are bright red, round. In nature, Wright's viburnum grows on Sakhalin, the Kuril Islands, Japan and Korea.

Viburnum folded (V. plicatum, tomentosum). Shrub up to 3 m high. The leaves of folded viburnum are broadly oval, herbaceous green, with numerous veins, and look velvety. The inflorescences on each branch arise from two lateral opposite buds (each with one inflorescence and two leaves), so the creamy white inflorescences are arranged in layers, alternating with velvety, lush green leaves, which creates a stunning effect. The homeland of folded viburnum is Japan and China.

Viburnum triloba (V. trilobum). Shrub up to 4-5 m tall with an openwork crown. The leaves of the three-lobed viburnum are lighter than those of the common viburnum; turn purple in autumn. The fruits of the plants are bright scarlet, edible, and taste like red currants. Three-lobed viburnum is very resistant to diseases and pests. In nature, the plant is found in North America.

Viburnum edible (V. edule). Shrub up to 1.5 m tall. In nature, edible viburnum grows in the mountain forests of North America.

Non-winter-resistant types of viburnum

Viburnum evergreen , or viburnum laurel (V. tinus). Evergreen, densely branched shrub up to 3 m tall. The leaves of evergreen viburnum are very decorative - leathery, elliptical, entire, shiny on top, bright green, pubescent below, lighter. The flowers of laurel viburnum are pinkish, fragrant, and bloom early. The fruits of evergreen viburnum are spherical or ovoid, blue-black. Plants are drought-resistant, undemanding to soil conditions, and trim well. In nature, evergreen viburnum is common in the Mediterranean.

Kalina David (V. davidii). Slow-growing dwarf evergreen shrub up to 1 m tall with a compact crown and horizontally growing shoots. The leaves of Viburnum David are evergreen, elliptical, leathery, dark green, with deep veins. The flowers of the plants are pinkish. The unusual blue fruits of David's viburnum ripen in October. Plants often suffer from sunburn. The birthplace of David's viburnum is Western China.

They also do not winter in central Russia Viburnum Carls (V. carlesii), viburnum rugosafolia (V. rhytidophyllum), fragrant viburnum (V. odoratissimum), fragrant viburnum (V. farreri), Japanese viburnum (V. japonicum) and many hybrid viburnums (V. x burkwoodii, V. x bodnantense, V. x caricephalum).

Growing conditions

Most types of viburnum are shade-tolerant, but develop better in illuminated areas. Due to their dense root system, viburnums are suitable for planting to prevent soil erosion. Viburnums are moisture-loving and can withstand excess moisture, so they are planted in areas with close proximity or in places where water accumulates. Viburnums grow on different soils, as a rule, they prefer or, but there are exceptions, for example, red viburnum, or common viburnum, which grows even on soils. Viburnum is highly frost-resistant (with the exception of some species listed above).

Plants prefer deep, fertile substrates, from to. Common viburnum grows throughout Europe, except for the Far North, Western Siberia, Central Asia, North Africa and Asia Minor.

Application

Viburnum is a highly decorative plant that will look great in a summer cottage. Viburnum is planted in group and mixed plantings, or used as a plant, excellent for. Low-growing varieties can be planted in. Viburnum is a shrub that looks impressive with other deciduous and coniferous trees:, . Viburnum will decorate the garden in winter with bright red clusters of berries.

Care

Viburnum is a moisture-loving plant that needs abundant watering. Fertilizers are applied twice a year - before the beginning of the growing season and before leaf fall. After loosening the viburnum. Caring for viburnum also involves rejuvenation, in which old plant branches are removed (at a distance of 15-20 cm from the surface of the earth). Pruning is carried out in early winter or early spring before the buds open.

You will learn how to grow viburnum from the corresponding one.

Reproduction

Viburnum can be propagated by seeds () and vegetatively (green,). Low-lying branches of viburnum often produce layering. Viburnum is planted in spring in April or autumn in October. The distance between plants is 1.5-2 m.

Viburnum seeds and viburnum seedlings can be bought at.

Diseases and pests

Viburnum is often affected by the viburnum bark beetle (leaf beetle), the larvae of which eat away the leaf blades, leaving only the veins. The black viburnum aphid is also dangerous - it sucks out the cell sap from young shoots, after which they become deformed and slow down in growth. Possible diseases of viburnum are spotting and powdery mildew.

Popular varieties

Varieties of red viburnum or common viburnum

Varieties of black viburnum, or pride

'Aureum'. Fast-growing shrub up to 3 m tall. The leaves are oval, golden above, pubescent below, silvery.

‘Aureo-variegatum’. This variety of viburnum is distinguished by unusual decorative leaves - with yellow strokes and spots.

Sargent viburnum varieties

'Sterile'- has only sterile flowers.

'Flavum'- variety with yellow fruits.

Variety of folded viburnum 'Pink Beauty'. Viburnum 'Pink Beauty' blooms long and profusely. The flowers are initially white, later becoming light pink.

Viburnum is not just a tree, but a real legend of Rus' and all Slavs. Having planted it near his window, the owner will enjoy the white color in the spring, the filling berries in the summer and the healthy harvest in the fall. Of course, a conscientious gardener will not limit his description to this. The rules of planting and caring for a tree are important to him. Planting common viburnum is not so easy. But all efforts will be justified and rewarded.

History and description of the tree

Viburnum is a tree with which many legends and fairy tales are associated. Our ancestors decorated wedding feasts with viburnum, ensuring happiness and continuation of the family for the young family. On weekdays, bunches of viburnum were laid out in the house, protecting it from evil spirits, damage and curses. The berries of this plant were depicted on towels, women's clothing and even on the shutters of houses. The culture is especially popular among residents of the southern regions.

Today there are at least 150 species of this tree. They all have their own characteristics. "Snow Globe" or "Boule de neige" boasts beautiful round inflorescences, "Compactum" has a dense crown, and "Xanthocarpum" has yellow berries. But the most common tree is the common viburnum, familiar to us since childhood.

Kalina Buldenezh

Viburnum is a small ornamental tree. Some even consider it a bush. Its trunk is thin and branched. The leaves are large, the inflorescences are white, sometimes they can have a slight pinkish tint. Viburnum begins to bloom in mid-May and flowering continues for a month and a half. The fruits of viburnum are blood-red in color with a small seed inside. They ripen by autumn, and can hang on the tree until winter. A light frost will even improve their taste and beneficial properties.

Reproduction and rooting

Viburnum can be propagated in different ways: by cuttings or seeds. The second method is very long and can take more than 2 years. Vegetative propagation can be carried out in several ways: by root shoots, vertical or horizontal layering. Vertical layering is the simplest method that does not require much work.

Seeds. They are placed in damp sawdust, tightly compacted into nylon stockings. So they are stored for 2 months at room temperature until they begin to germinate. The sprouted seeds are placed on the bottom shelf of the refrigerator for another month. After 30 days, the seeds are sown in a small box filled with soil. If the sprouts have gained strength over the winter and look healthy, they are planted in the garden in the spring, watered abundantly. If they are still weak, they should be left in the box for another year. But in the summer, take the box out into the sun.
Cuttings. Cuttings for planting are prepared while the tree is flowering. They should be springy, but not brittle. The cuttings are cut green - 10-12 cm with 2-3 nodes. In winter they are kept under a dome or in a greenhouse in special soil. And in the spring they are planted in the garden.
Vertical layers. In autumn, the lower branches of a young plant are shortened, leaving 2-4 buds. The trunk is hilled, covering these buds with soil. By spring, they will give rise to shoots, which are again covered with soil until they reach 30 cm. After this, they are dug up, trimmed and covered again with soil. In autumn, the shoots are separated from the tree and planted independently.
Horizontal layers. A two-year-old branch is cut off, leaving a shoot with 2-3 buds. When it sprouts in the spring, it is again shortened by 1/5, bent to the ground and lowered into the prepared hole. Leave it this way until shoots appear. By autumn, the mother branch is removed, the shoots are separated and planted separately.

Features of planting and care

The soil. Viburnum is unpretentious to soil conditions, although it feels better in slightly acidic or neutral soil. Viburnum will also grow in poor soil, but it will bear little fruit. Even close groundwater is suitable for it, because this tree loves moisture.

Advice. If the garden has a small pond or river at the end of the plot, then the shore of the reservoir will be the best place for viburnum.

Landing. In warm regions, viburnum can be planted in the fall. But it’s better to do it in the spring. A hole is dug 50x50 cm. The dug soil is mixed with peat, compost, potash, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers. Immerse the seedling 3-5 cm.

Advice. Viburnum loves a lot of sunlight. Therefore, the tree must be planted in a suitable place.

Watering. Since viburnum loves moisture very much, this plant will have to be watered often. In order for moisture to linger longer near the root, the trunk must be mulched with sawdust or compost.
Fertilizer. In order for viburnum to bloom and bear fruit luxuriantly, it must be enriched twice a year with complex fertilizers. And in August you need to add phosphorus and potassium.

Young viburnum

Proper pruning of viburnum

Viburnum grows very quickly. In a year it can rise by 50 cm. And old branches often dry out and spoil the appearance of the tree. Therefore, viburnum needs to be rejuvenated annually. There are several rules for this:

Old, diseased, damaged and weak branches are removed from the viburnum.
Branches that are 6-8 years old are considered old.
You need to cut off not only old branches, but also thin out the crown so that the tree bears fruit better.
In the spring, an old tree can be cut down completely “under the stump”, then it will produce high-quality young shoots.

You need to decide whether it will be a bush or a tree in the first year. And depending on this, the crown is formed.

Disease and pest control

There are not many diseases and pests that can affect viburnum. However, every gardener needs to be prepared for them.

Viburnum fruits

Powdery mildew is a fungus that appears as a powdery coating on the leaves. This makes them brown. Because of this disease, viburnum ceases to bear fruit. Powdery mildew is controlled using a solution of potassium sulfur and various fungicides.
Frost burn is a consequence of low temperatures and manifests itself in cracked bark and “bare” wood. These “wounds” are watered with liquid clay in the spring. If the branch is severely affected, it is removed.
Ascochyta spotting of viburnum appears as gray spots with a brown border on the leaves. Fungus multiplies in these spots. Therefore, in the fall, the affected leaves are burned. And in the spring, a diseased tree is treated with Bordeaux mixture and copper oxychloride.
The viburnum leaf roller is an olive-colored caterpillar. She eats the buds and leaves of the tree. Before this, the insect wraps them in a web and rolls them into a tube. If the leaf roller is not dealt with, it will seriously damage the tree. Therefore, caterpillar nests must be removed and burned. The wood is also treated with Nitrafen.

Viburnum is also threatened by gray and fruit rot, leaf beetle, leaf-roll aphid, honeysuckle gall midge and lobed moth.

In addition to the beauty of the tree itself, viburnum gives the gardener a rich harvest of healthy berries. This is a real treasure trove for traditional medicine recipes. They will cope with colds, sore throats, diseases of the heart, blood vessels and skin, overwork and many other problems. Therefore, viburnum is a must have for every personal plot.