When performing architectural and construction working drawings, be guided by the requirements of the SPDS standards, as well as the requirements of the ESKD standards, which complement and do not contradict the SPDS standards. Working drawings of a building or structure must be made on drawing sheets of paper in standard formats established by GOST 2.301-68.
Formats
The sheet format is determined by the size of the outer frame, drawn by a thin line. The inner frame is drawn as a solid main line at a distance of 20 mm from the left side of the outer frame and at a distance of 5 mm from the other sides (Fig. 2).
Figure 2 - Examples of side sizes in A4 and A3 formats.
The designations and dimensions of the sides of the main formats must correspond to the data in table. 1.
Table 1
Designations and dimensions of the sides of the main formats
Main inscriptions are located in the lower right corner of a graphic or text document. On sheets of A4 format in accordance with GOST 2.301-68, the main inscription is located along the short bottom side of the sheet.
The main inscriptions and frames are made with solid main and solid thin lines in accordance with GOST 2.303-68*.
The name of the product is written in the nominative singular case. In the name of a product consisting of several plums, a noun is placed in the first place, for example: “Strengel farm”.
Abbreviations of words in inscriptions on drawings are allowed in the cases specified in GOST 2.316-68 and in the appendix to the book.
Figures 5 and 6 show examples of filling out the main inscription.
Scale
The scales of the images in the drawings, taken according to GOST 2.302-68 ESKD, are as follows: reduction scales A: 2; 1:2.5; 1:4; 1:5; 1:10; 1:15; 1:20; 1:25; 1:40; 1-50- 1:75; 1:100; 1:200; 1:400; 1:500; 1:800; 1:1000); 1 magnification scale B:1; 2.5:1; 4:1; 5:1; 10:1; 20:1; 40:1; 50:1; 100:1) at natural size 1:1.
When designing master plans for large objects, it is allowed to use a scale of 1:2000; 1:5000; 1:1000; 1:20000; 1:25000; 1:50000.
table 2
Scales of images on construction drawings
The name, style and thickness of the lines in relation to the thickness of the main line and the main purpose of the lines must correspond to the data in the table. 3. Examples of the use of lines are shown in Fig. 7-12. In sectional construction drawings, visible contour lines that do not fall within the section plane may be drawn as a solid thin line.
The thickness of the solid main line should be in the range of 0.5...1.4 mm, depending on the size and complexity of the image, as well as the format of the drawing.
The thickness of lines of the same type should be the same for all images in a given drawing, drawn to the same scale.
The minimum thickness of the lines should correspond to the data in the table. 3.
Table 3
Minimum line thickness
The thickness of the stroke lines for drawings of plans and sections is given in table. 4, and for facades - in table. 5.
Table 4
Thickness of stroke lines for plan and section drawings
Table 5
The thickness of the stroke lines for facade drawings is in table. 6
Drawing fonts
GOST 2.304-81 establishes drawing fonts applied to drawings and other technical documents of all industries and construction.
The following font sizes are used: 2.5; 3.5; 5; 7; 10; 14; 20; 28 and 40. Font size is a value determined by the height of capital letters in millimeters. The font is constructed using an auxiliary grid.
Fuck it. 7 shows type A font with slant.
It is possible to use a narrow architectural font - devil - on architectural and construction drawings. 8.
Architectural (narrow) font is used when making architectural and construction drawings. It is characterized by simplicity, clarity of outline and ease of reading.
This font is called straight. The letters are narrow, their width is determined by taking in the range from 1/4 to 1/8 of the height. The font has no division into uppercase and lowercase. The distance between letters in words is taken to be no less than half their width. In headings, the distance between letters in words is increased to 4/5 of the letter height. The stroke thickness of letters is 1/15 -1/20 of their height.
GOST 2.304-81
Group T52
INTERSTATE STANDARD
Unified system of design documentation
DRAWING FONTS
Unified system for design documentation. Letters for drawings
ISS 01.080.30
Date of introduction 1982-01-01
INFORMATION DATA
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the USSR State Committee for Standards
2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee on Standards dated March 28, 1981 N 1562
Change N 2 adopted by the Interstate Council for Standardization, Metrology and Certification by correspondence (protocol No. 23 of February 28, 2006)
The national standardization bodies of the following states voted to accept the change: AZ, AM, BY, KZ, KG, MD, RU, TJ, TM, UZ, UA [alpha-2 codes MK (ISO 3166) 004 ]
3. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2).
4. IN REPLACE GOST 2.304-68
5. EDITION (August 2007) with Amendment No. 1, approved in March 1989, June 2006 (IUS 7-89, 9-2006)
This standard establishes drawing fonts applied to drawings and other technical documents of all industries and construction.
1. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
1. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
1.1. Font size- a value determined by the height of capital letters in millimeters.
1.2. The height of capital letters is measured perpendicular to the base of the line.
The height of lowercase letters is determined from the ratio of their height (without processes) to the font size, for example, = 7/10 (lines 1 and 2).
1.3. Letter width- the greatest width of a letter, measured in accordance with drawings 1 and 2, is determined in relation to the font size, for example, 6/10, or in relation to the thickness of the font line, for example, 6
1.4. Font line thickness- thickness, determined depending on the type and height of the font.
1.5. Auxiliary mesh- a grid formed by auxiliary lines into which letters fit. The pitch of the auxiliary grid lines is determined depending on the thickness of the font lines (Figure 3).
Crap. 3
2. FONT TYPES AND SIZES
2.1. The following font types are installed:
type A without tilt (=1/14) with the parameters given in Table 1;
type A with an inclination of about 75° (=1/14) with the parameters given in Table 1;
type B without tilt (=1/10) with the parameters given in Table 2;
type B with an inclination of about 75° (=1/10) with the parameters given in Table 2.
Table 1
Type A font (=)
|
Font options |
Oboz- |
Relative size |
Dimensions, mm |
|||||||
|
Font size: |
||||||||||
|
capital letter height |
||||||||||
|
lowercase letter height |
||||||||||
|
Letter spacing |
||||||||||
|
Font line thickness |
||||||||||
table 2
Type B font (=)
|
Font options |
Designation |
Relative size |
Dimensions, mm |
||||||||
|
Font size: |
|||||||||||
|
capital letter height |
|||||||||||
|
lowercase letter height |
|||||||||||
|
Letter spacing |
|||||||||||
|
Minimum row spacing (auxiliary grid height) |
|||||||||||
|
Minimum distance between words |
|||||||||||
|
Font line thickness |
|||||||||||
Notes:
1. The distance between letters whose adjacent lines are not parallel to each other (for example, GA, AT), can be reduced by half, i.e. by the line thickness of the font.
2. The minimum distance between words separated by a punctuation mark is the distance between the punctuation mark and the word following it.
When executing documents in an automated way, it is allowed to use fonts used by computer technology. In this case, their storage and transfer to users of documents must be ensured.
(Changed edition, Amendment No. 2).
2.2. The following font sizes are set: (1.8); 2.5; 3.5; 5; 7; 10; 14; 20; 28; 40.
Note. The use of font size 1.8 is not recommended and is allowed only for type B.
2.3. The construction of the font in the auxiliary grid is shown in Figure 4.
2.4. Maximum deviations in the sizes of letters and numbers are ±0.5 mm.
3. RUSSIAN ALPHABET (CYRILLIC)
3.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Figure 5.
3.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Figure 6.
3.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Figure 7.
3.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Figure 8.
4. LATIN ALPHABET
4.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Figure 9.
4.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Figure 10.
Damn.10
4.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Figure 11.
Damn.11
4.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Figure 12.
Damn.12
4.5. The types, shape and location of diacritics for fonts of types A and B without slant are given in the reference appendix.
Diacritics for italic fonts should follow the same rules.
5. GREEK ALPHABET
5.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Figure 13.
Damn.13
5.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Figure 14.
Damn.14
5.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Figure 15.
Damn.15
5.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Figure 16.
Damn.16
5.5. The names of the letters of the Greek alphabet shown in Fig. 13-16:
|
omicron |
||||
6. ARABIC AND ROMAN NUMERALS
6.1. Type A font is shown in Figure 17.
Damn.17
6.2. Type B font is shown in Figure 18.
Damn.18
Notes:
1. Roman numerals L, C, D, M should be performed according to the rules of the Latin alphabet.
2. Roman numerals may be limited to horizontal lines.
7. SIGNS
7.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Fig. 19.
Damn.19
7.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Figure 20.
Damn.20
7.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Figure 21.
Damn.21
7.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Figure 22.
Damn.22
7.5. The names of the signs are given in Table 3.
Table 3
|
Sign numbers on drawings |
Name of signs |
|
Colon |
|
|
Semicolon |
|
|
Exclamation mark |
|
|
Question mark |
|
|
Paragraph |
|
|
Equality |
|
|
Value after rounding |
|
|
Compliant |
|
|
Asymptotically equal |
|
|
Approximately equal |
|
|
Less or equal |
|
|
More or equal |
|
|
Minus, dash |
|
|
Plus or minus |
|
|
Multiplication |
|
|
Parallel |
|
|
Perpendicular |
|
|
Taper |
|
|
Integral |
|
|
Infinity |
|
|
Square brackets |
|
|
Round brackets |
|
|
Fraction line |
|
|
Similarity sign |
|
|
Star |
8. RULES FOR WRITING FRACTIONS, INDICATORS, INDICES AND LIMITED DEVIATIONS
8.1. Fractions, indicators, indices and maximum deviations are carried out in accordance with Table 4 font size:
one step smaller than the font size of the main value to which they are assigned;
the same size as the main font size.
Table 4
|
Execution options |
Fonts |
Execution examples |
|
|
fundamentally |
fractions until |
||
|
The font size is one step smaller than the main size. |
|||
|
Font size is the same as the main value size |
|||
APPENDIX (reference). DIACRITICS
APPLICATION
Information
Hungarian
German
Polish language
Romanian language
Czech and Slovak language
Electronic document text
prepared by Kodeks JSC and verified against:
official publication
Unified system of design documentation:
Sat. GOST. - M.: Standartinform, 2007
Date of introduction 01.01.82
This standard establishes drawing fonts applied to drawings and other technical documents of all industries and construction.
1. TERMS AND DEFINITIONS
1.1. Font size h is a value determined by the height of capital letters in millimeters.1.2. The height of capital letters h is measured perpendicular to the base of the line. The height of lowercase letters c is determined from the ratio of their height (without processes k) to the font size h, for example, c = 7/10 h (Fig. 1 and 2).|
|
|
2. FONT TYPES AND SIZES
2.1. The following font types are installed: type A without slope (d = 1/14 h) with the parameters given in table. 1; type A with an inclination of about 75° (d = 1/14 h) with the parameters given in table. 1; type B without tilt (d = 1/10 h) with the parameters given in table. 2; type B with an inclination of about 75° (d = 1/10 h) with the parameters given in table. 2.Table 1
Type A font (d = h/14)
|
Font options |
Designation |
Relative size |
Dimensions, mm |
|||||||
| Font size - | ||||||||||
| capital letter height | ||||||||||
| lowercase letter height | ||||||||||
| Letter spacing | ||||||||||
| Font line thickness | ||||||||||
table 2
Type B font (d = h/10)
|
Font options |
Designation |
Relative size |
Dimensions, mm |
||||||||
| Font size - | |||||||||||
| capital letter height | |||||||||||
| lowercase letter height | |||||||||||
| Letter spacing | |||||||||||
| Minimum row spacing (auxiliary grid height) | |||||||||||
| Minimum distance between words | |||||||||||
| Font line thickness | |||||||||||
2.4. Maximum deviations in the sizes of letters and numbers are ± 0.5 mm.
3. RUSSIAN ALPHABET (CYRILLIC)
3.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Fig. 5
3.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Fig. 6.
3.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Fig. 7.
3.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Fig. 8.
4. LATIN ALPHABET
4.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Fig. 9.
4.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Fig. 10.
4.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Fig. eleven.
4.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Fig. 12.
4.5. The types, shape and location of diacritics for fonts of types A and B without italics are given in the reference appendix. Diacritics for fonts with italics should follow the same rules.
5. GREEK ALPHABET
5.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Fig. 13.
5.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Fig. 14.
5.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Fig. 15.
5.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Fig. 16.
5.5. The names of the letters of the Greek alphabet shown in the drawing. 13 - 16:
6. ARABIC AND ROMAN NUMERALS
6.1. Type A font is shown in Fig. 17.
6.2. Type B font is shown in Fig. 18.
Notes: 1. Roman numerals L, C, D, M should be performed according to the rules of the Latin alphabet. 2. Roman numerals may be limited to horizontal lines.
7. SIGNS
7.1. Type A font with slant is shown in Fig. 19.
7.2. Type A font without slant is shown in Fig. 20.
7.3. Type B font with slant is shown in Fig. 21.
7.4. Type B font without slant is shown in Fig. 22.
7.5. The names of the signs are given in table. 3.
Table 3
|
Sign numbers on drawings |
Name of signs |
Sign numbers on drawings |
Name of signs |
| 1 | Dot | 25 | Percent |
| 2 | Colon | 26 | Degree |
| 3 | Comma | 27 | Minute |
| 4 | Semicolon | 28 | Second |
| 5 | Exclamation mark | 29 | Parallel |
| 6 | Question mark | 30 | Perpendicular |
| 7 | Quotes | 31 | Corner |
| 8 | AND | 32 | Slope |
| 9 | Paragraph | 33 | Taper |
| 10 | Equality | 34 | Square |
| 11 | Value after rounding | 35 | Arc |
| 12 | Compliant | 36 | Diameter |
| 13 | Asymptotically equal | 37 | Radical |
| 14 | Approximately equal | 38 | Integral |
| 15 | Less | 39 | Infinity |
| 16 | More | 40 | Square brackets |
| 17 and 17a | Less or equal | 41 | Round brackets |
| 18 and 18a | More or equal | 42 | Fraction line |
| 19 | Plus | 43 | Number |
| 20 | Minus, dash | 44 | From to |
| 21 | Plus or minus | 45 | Similarity sign |
| 22,23 | Multiplication | 46 | Star |
| 24 | Division |
8. RULES FOR WRITING FRACTIONS, INDICATORS, INDICES AND LIMITED DEVIATIONS
8.1. Fractions, indicators, indices and maximum deviations are carried out in accordance with table. 4 font size: one step smaller than the font size of the main value to which they are assigned; the same size as the font size of the main value.Table 4
|
Execution options |
Execution examples |
||
|
basic quantities |
fractions, exponents, etc. |
||
| The font size is one step smaller than the main size. |
|
||
|
|
|||
|
|
|||
| Font size is the same as the main value size |
|
||
|
|
|||
APPLICATION
Information
DIACRITICS
Hungarian
German
Polish language
Romanian language
Czech and Slovak language
INFORMATION DATA
1. DEVELOPED AND INTRODUCED by the USSR State Committee for Standards2. APPROVED AND ENTERED INTO EFFECT by Resolution of the USSR State Committee for Standards dated March 28, 1981 No. 15623. (Deleted, Amendment No. 2)4. INSTEAD GOST 2.304-685. Edition (July 2001) with Change No. 1, approved in March 1989 (IUS 7-89)
All inscriptions on the drawings (in the title block, dimensions, technical requirements and conditions, etc.) are made in drawing font in accordance with GOST 2.304-81.
Size standard drawing font is determined height h capital letters in millimeters. The standard sets the following font sizes: 2.5; 3.5; 5; 7; 10; 14; 20. For example, the height of capital letters in a font size 14 is 14 mm, size 5 is 5 mm, respectively, etc. (Fig. 20).
Font line thickness d– thickness, determined depending on the type and size of the font (Fig. 20).
Letter widthg- the largest width of a letter, determined in relation to the font size h, For example, g=6/10 h, or in relation to the line thickness of the font d, For example, g=6 d.
Fig.20. Basic font parameters: a) straight font; b) italic font.
The standard establishes four types of font: a) type A without tilt ( d=1/14 h); b) type A with a slope of about 75 0 ( d=1/14 h); c) type B without tilt ( d=1/10 h); d) type B with a slope of about 75 0 ( d=1/10 h). The difference between font types is not in the design of letters and numbers, but only in size d– thickness of font lines. The parameters of type A and type B fonts are given in tables 3 and 4.
Table 3. Type A font parameters
Table 4. Type B font parameters
Auxiliary mesh- a grid formed by auxiliary lines into which letters fit. The pitch of the auxiliary grid lines is determined depending on the thickness of the font lines d(Fig. 21).
Fig.21. Auxiliary grid for upright and italic fonts.
Examples of the type A font of the Russian alphabet are shown in Fig. 22, 23; font sizes are given in Table 5. An example of Arabic and Roman numerals is shown in Fig. 24.
Fig.22. Type A font with slant.
Fig.23. Type A font without slant.
Fig.24. Type A font: Arabic and Roman numerals.
Table 5. Type A font parameters
Notes:
1. Distance A between letters whose adjacent lines are not parallel to each other (for example, GA, AT), can be reduced by half, i.e. by thickness d font lines.
2. The vertical branches of the letters D, C and Ш come from the spaces between the lines; the lateral processes of the letters C and Ш are due to the space between the letters.
3. The minimum distance between words separated by a punctuation mark is the distance between the punctuation mark and the following word.
4. Font without slant is used relatively rarely, mainly for names, headings, designations in the main inscription, on the drawing margin, etc.
1.2. Basic requirements for the design of graphic works
All graphic tasks must be completed on standard sheets of drawing paper (A3 or A4) and have a drawing field frame and a main inscription in accordance with Form No. 1 GOST 2.104-68 (except for the “Title Page” task). The drawing field frame is made with a solid main line of thickness S at a distance from the outer borders of the sheet: on the right, bottom and top - 5 mm, on the left - 20 mm. The title block is always located in the lower right corner of the sheet. The 20 mm margin on the left side is intended for filing and binding drawings. The main inscription is made with solid main and thin lines. The dimensions, location and content of the title block are presented in Figure 25.
Figure 25. Dimensions of the title block table according to Form 1.
In the columns of the main inscription and in additional columns indicate:
– in column 1 – name of the product according to GOST 2.109-73;
– column 2 – designation of the document according to GOST 2.101-80;
– in column 3 – symbol of the material (this column is filled in only on the drawings of parts);
– in column 4 – the letter assigned to this document in accordance with GOST 2.103-68 (the column is filled in sequentially, starting from the leftmost cell. For training drawings we use the letter “U”);
– in column 5 – the mass of the product in kilograms according to GOST 2.109-73;
– in column 6 – scale (indicated in accordance with GOST 2.302-68);
– in column 7 – the serial number of the document sheet, if the drawing is made on several sheets. On documents consisting of one sheet, the column is not filled in;
– in column 8 – the total number of sheets of the document. The column is filled out only on the first sheet;
– in column 9 – name, distinctive index or code of the enterprise that issued the document, for tasks on engineering graphics – VTUZ, gr. XXXX;
– in columns 10 – the nature of the work performed by the person signing the document;
– in columns 11 – surnames and initials of the persons signing the document:
– in columns 12 – signatures of persons whose surnames are indicated in columns 11;
– in column 13 – the date of signing the document;
– in columns 14–18 – the columns of the table of changes made to the document in accordance with GOST 2.503-68 are not filled in on training drawings;
– in column 19 – document designation (see column 2), rotated by 180 0 for A4 format and for formats larger than A4 when the title block is located along the long side of the sheet and by 90 0 for formats larger than A4 when the title block is located along the short side of the sheet .