We build a house with our own hands house plans. Designing a house yourself: creating a house project

Building your own home is far from an easy task, and it’s not for lack of significant savings. This is an objective reason.

Many people are stopped by the fact that they do not know where to start building a house on their site. The variety of types of work, costs, documents, time, the risk of making a mistake and its possible consequences are scary. Our goal is to provide information on how to step by step complete all stages of building a private house with your own hands. And the final decision is yours.

Individual housing construction - what is it?

Decoding the abbreviation individual housing construction- This is individual housing construction. Individual housing construction involves the construction of a residential building on a privately owned plot of land.

Individual housing construction objects are: residential building, extension, superstructure, garage and other permanent buildings. Those. those buildings the construction of which requires permission from local authorities and, in some cases, the consent of neighbors.

Land plot is a territory that has clearly defined boundaries. At the same time, the surface layer of the earth is also considered private property. The depth of the layer is not prescribed at the legislative level. But it is worth remembering that when you are going to dig a well, you are acting within the framework of your interests. If you plan to drill an artesian well, then you are encroaching on state property, which means that its drilling must be agreed upon and documented.

Plot for building a house

To start construction, you need to have a certain budget and land. If there is no plot, and the budget allows, you can buy it.

What you need to pay attention to when choosing a site to build a house:

personal interests. First of all, set the direction for the search. Perhaps there are memories associated with a certain place, or you want a plot near the water, or in the forest, etc.;

location. More in demand are plots located within the city or at a distance of 10-15 km from it;

plot dimensions. Affect the scale of construction. In construction, the proportion is 1:10. That is, on a plot of 6 acres it would be appropriate to build a house of 60 square meters. Whether or not to follow this recommendation is up to the owner of the plot, but in the event of a sale it significantly increases the liquidity of the property;

availability of infrastructure. Even if the plans include complete privacy, it is desirable that there be several more buildings located on the development territory, a medical center, a store, a school, etc. This is especially important if the house is intended for a family with children and is planned for year-round living;

proximity to transport. It is important for car owners to evaluate the quality of access roads and the presence/condition of asphalt pavement. So as not to end up in a situation where, in order to get home, you need to change your car to another one with a higher ground clearance. For those who do not have a car, proximity to public transport is desirable;

availability of communications. Is it possible to connect to central heating, water supply, sewerage. Are power lines connected to the site? Owners of plots in newly created satellite villages often face this situation;

state of ecology in the area. It may turn out that living here is fraught with negative consequences (proximity to hazardous production);

soil type. The choice of foundation and the possibility of constructing a well depend on it. In practice, it may turn out that this soil is generally not suitable for the construction of heavy objects. That is, it is possible to put a summer house or a small dacha on it, but to build a two-story house with an attic is unrealistic.

market value of the plot. It is determined by all parameters together. The final price will depend on the owners of the site and your ability to bargain reasonably.

Advice. Having decided on a site, do not be lazy to check the legal purity of the documents and the compliance of the actual dimensions of the site with the dimensions indicated in the cadastral passport. You may be sold territory that actually belongs to someone else.

The situation with the site can develop according to two scenarios:

Firstly, permanent buildings may already be located on the site. A fairly common situation is the acquisition of a plot of land with an already built house. Now we are talking not about its restoration, but about demolition. The advantage of such a site is that the main communications are connected to it. In this case, in addition to the above parameters, you need to check the legality of communications.

Secondly, the site may not be developed. We will pay attention to this option.

Where to start building a house on an empty lot?

1. Decide on the style of the plot/house

The appearance of the building, its location, the choice of material, etc. will depend on the design.

The size of the house depends on the number of people permanently living in it. The house can be made into several floors, thus it is possible to obtain sufficient space, but not at the expense of developing the site.

Note. If you plan to dig a well, you need to immediately call the experts who will tell you where the water is. Perhaps the only place on the site where the aquifer is close to the surface will be exactly the place where it was planned to place the house. By the way, in this case, you need to talk with your neighbors and find out what quality the water is in the area.

Independent construction of a country house will be easier, since there is no need, for example, for heating.

2. When to start building a house?

It is better to start construction work as soon as it gets warmer - i.e. in early spring. There will be six months of good weather at your disposal. In practice, the best time to start construction is late spring. More precisely, the period when the night temperature does not drop below +5°C. At this time of year, not only will the snow melt, but also the water will leave, interfering with digging a pit or making a foundation. In addition, in warm weather, labor productivity is much higher.

Note. You should not expect to complete the construction of a house in one season. According to standards, only the foundation must survive for 1 year. And, for example, the construction of a brick house differs in time from the construction of a frame house. So, conservation of unfinished construction is inevitable (with the exception of prefabricated houses).

3. What material should the house be built from?

The choice will be influenced by: the period of operation of the house (for permanent residence or only in the summer), budget, environmental requirements, fashion, the ability to complete the work quickly with the involvement of specialists or with your own hands. Let's consider several options:

. A common material for construction. The undoubted advantage of a brick house is its time-tested service life;

. In terms of price/quality ratio, foam concrete occupies an advantageous position. A foam block made of durable cellular concrete, due to air bubbles, has good thermal conductivity and low weight;

. This material is durable, lightweight, has high thermal conductivity and breathability, and is easy to process. Construction with aerated concrete does not impose any special requirements on the construction of the foundation;

. It is practiced less frequently due to the high cost of the material. Arbolite blocks are a type of lightweight concrete, consisting of a mixture of cement and crushed wood (chips). Characterized by low water absorption and high thermal insulation properties;

frame or modular construction. A special feature is the availability of modular designs. They are cheaper, and the work is completed in a short time. This structure is lightweight and therefore does not require significant foundation costs;

construction of a wooden house. In terms of cost and manufacturability of work, it belongs to the category of luxury construction:

Do not forget that any building material has both advantages and disadvantages that need to be eliminated.

What to build a permanent home from?

A brief comparative description of materials for building a cottage in the table (approximate prices for 2016-2017). Which one is better is up to you to decide.

Material	Arbolit	Frame construction	Beam/log
Cost, rub/m3	from 000	From 000 sq.m. area	From 8 000
Construction period	4-6 months	1-2 months	3-4 months
Construction start time	End of spring	all-season	The beginning of spring
Advantages	- speed; - reliability; - thermal conductivity.	- speed; - no shrinkage; - light weight.	- speed; - environmental friendliness; - no need for finishing.
Flaws	- price; - need for finishing; - presence of counterfeit.	- price; - additional finishing; - risk of fire; - low noise insulation.	- shrinkage is possible; - drying of wood; - the need to attract specialists.

4. Who will build the house?

The solution to this issue involves choosing from three options:

The work is entrusted to the general contractor

This is a company that undertakes to deliver a turnkey project. The set of services includes everything from site assessment and project development to finishing work. Searching and delivering material is also their responsibility. The general contractor may involve subcontractors. But he must invest within the agreed time frame and budget.

The work is done entirely by hand

It is worth mentioning that it is almost impossible for one person to build a house. This implies the involvement of assistants from among friends and relatives, at least one of whom knows the procedure for performing work of a certain type. This option allows you to save up to 20% on the cost of materials (contractors often include their interest in the cost of the purchased material), as well as up to 100% on the cost of work. In addition, full control over the construction process is exercised.

Disadvantages of the do-it-yourself approach:

increasing the construction period;

lack of knowledge and experience in performing this or that type of work;

difficulties in obtaining design and permitting documentation;

responsibility for the result of construction.

Some are done in-house and some are done by a subcontractor.

The most common and realistic way. In this case, the owner performs on his own that part of the work that he is able to do, and specialists are brought in for the remaining tasks. At the same time, the customer, being on the construction site, can quickly assess the quality of work.

But this approach is fraught with disadvantages:

searching for highly specialized companies takes a lot of time, and the cost of their services is higher. As a rule, they turn to handicraftsmen (shabashniks), but there is no confidence in the quality of the work;

complete control over the progress of work. If the owner unknowingly missed some point in the construction, no one will point out the mistake. Hired people do their part of the work and leave;

violation of deadlines. There may be some part of the work that was not completed on time. Because of this, the construction of a cottage with your own hands will have to be suspended, which is fraught with additional payments and loss of time;

shared responsibility. When a marriage occurs, it is difficult to find the culprit. For example, tilers will blame the mason or plasterer for crooked walls, or the floor was poured incorrectly. And there are many such examples.

Note. Users advise hiring craftsmen who will do the next stage of work and evaluate the work of the previous ones. This way they take responsibility for their part of the work.

5. Budget for building a house

After all of the above, it makes sense to reconsider the construction budget.

What increases construction costs:

individually developed project;
complex structure configuration;
the presence of balconies, basements, winter garden, garage, swimming pool, sauna, etc.;
a significant number of rooms;
broken roof;
use of unreasonably expensive materials in construction.

What reduces the cost (what to save on):

ready-made standard project;
simple form of structure;
refusal of the second floor in favor of the attic (subjective);
the presence of a significant number of windows;
reduction of partitions;
reasonable choice of foundation type;
reasonable thickness of external and internal walls;
choosing a roof configuration that allows rational use of lumber and minimizing waste of roofing material.

Cost ratio for building a house

Work cycle	Contents of the cycle	% of total costs
Preparatory	- preparation of documents; - search for contractors; - purchase or development of a project.	0-1
Null	- digging a pit; - pouring the foundation.	15-35 (depending on the type of foundation)
Elementary	civil works: - construction of walls; - installation of rafter system and roofing; - conservation of unfinished buildings if necessary.	35-50 (depending on the number of partitions, roof configuration and cost of roofing material)
Final	- filling window and door openings.	5-15 (depending on number, area, material)
Engineering work	- laying of intra-house communications and their connection to central networks; - installation of electrical wiring; - plumbing work; - heating and insulation.	15

At this point the planning stage is over, it’s time to move on to direct action.

The beginning of work on a site with dilapidated buildings includes the demolition of old buildings and clearing of debris from the area. The demolition of the building must be reported to the local BTI and a document must be obtained confirming the exclusion of the demolished house from the federal register.

If the house was connected to communications, you need to coordinate their disconnection before demolition with the relevant services, for example, the gas service. It's easier when the site is empty.

In this case, the sequence of work can be presented step by step:

Step 1 - Private house project

As already mentioned, there can be three ways to acquire projects.

Firstly, buy a ready-made project. The cost of a house project depends on its complexity and uniqueness. The price starts from 3,000 rubles.
Secondly, contact an architect. The cost of developing an individual project starts from 20 thousand rubles. At the same time, carrying out the project and author’s control over its implementation in practice is paid additionally.

Third, develop the project yourself. How to develop a house project yourself without sufficient knowledge? Based on the example provided below.

If you decide to build a house with your own hands, then at each stage you may have many questions, the answers to which you can find in our article. For a private developer who has decided to carry out all the work with his own hands, it is important not only to understand the sequence of work and know the intricacies of their implementation, but also to correctly determine the choice of materials, wall design and type of foundation. If you build your house yourself, then choose a simple project, a simple configuration in plan and with a regular gable roof. It is much easier to build such a building with your own hands, and you can save on materials. From our article you will learn about building a house from A to Z.

Subtleties of choosing materials

If you decide to build a house yourself from the foundation to the roof, then before you decide on the layout, you should decide what you will make the walls from, since this may affect the planning decision and the project as a whole.

A residential building can be built from the following materials:

The easiest way to build a house alone is to use wood as a wall material. This environmentally friendly material is simple and easy to process, it is easy to install and is relatively inexpensive. A house made of wood has an optimal microclimate for human life. The material regulates the humidity in the room and saturates the air with beneficial phytoncides. You can make a wooden house from sheet materials using frame technology, from timber or logs. The only drawback of such houses is the susceptibility of wood to burning, rot and damage by insects. To protect the material, it is treated with special impregnations.
A house built of brick will be stronger and more durable. Knowing the rules for making brickwork, you can build such a building yourself. However, it is worth considering that brick has greater thermal conductivity than wood, so the walls will be thicker and require additional insulation.
Every private developer who has built at least some kind of brick structure can easily cope with masonry from aerated blocks. However, the speed of erecting such a building is much higher than making brickwork. In addition, aerated concrete has low thermal conductivity, so the thickness of the walls can be reduced by a third compared to brick. The soundproofing qualities of aerated concrete are also higher. The only drawback is the hygroscopicity of the material, so the facade needs finishing to protect it from moisture.

Important: if we build a house ourselves, then the weight of the wall material is very important. Thus, lighter aerated blocks are much more profitable to use than heavy bricks. You can save on transporting material and arranging a lighter foundation.

Even if we build a house with our own hands, it is necessary to follow the construction stages, the first of which will be associated with the construction of the foundation. Before you independently choose the type, design and material of the foundation, you need to study the geological features of the area, find out the groundwater level and the freezing mark of the soil. Depending on the material of the walls and the characteristics of the soil, you can use one of the following materials for arranging the foundation:

ready-made reinforced concrete blocks;
monolithic reinforced concrete;
brick;
screw piles;
columnar bases made of pipes, logs, blocks or concrete.

Planting on the site

The construction of the house should be carried out at a distance of at least 3 meters from the border with the neighboring plot.
Even if you are going to build a house for display, you should not place it closer than 5 m from the border of the site, which runs along the road or driveway.
If there is construction on neighboring areas, then it is necessary to observe the minimum fire gaps between houses, which are standardized depending on the degree of fire safety of the structure. So, between two brick, stone or concrete houses there must be a gap of at least 6 m, between a wooden building and a stone house (brick, gas-block or concrete) there must be at least 10 m, between two wooden buildings the largest gap must be maintained, equal to 15 m.

Having decided on the planting on the site, selected the optimal layout and selected materials, you can begin construction, observing the order of work. Since there should be no problems with making brick or aerated concrete masonry, we will describe step by step how to build a frame house, because this type of structure is often used in private construction in every region of our country.

Construction of the foundation

Building a frame house yourself is quite profitable, because thanks to the lightweight wall material you can save on arranging the foundation. In this case, you can use one of two designs:

A shallow strip foundation is also suitable for this structure. However, you will need a significantly larger amount of materials and time to complete the work. The whole point is that you will need to dig a trench under all the external and internal load-bearing walls, waterproof it, install formwork, reinforcement cage and fill everything with concrete. After this, you need to wait 28 days before carrying out further work.

Installation of the columnar base is carried out in the following sequence:

After preparing the site and laying out the ground, holes are dug for the posts. The depth of the hole depends on the type of soil. On heaving soils, loams and sandy loams, it is better to make the base of the post no higher than the freezing point of the soil. In all other cases, a hole 40-70 cm deep is sufficient. The dimensions of the hole in plan depend on the material of the pillars. The easiest way to make columns is from concrete blocks.
A sand cushion 10 cm high is made at the bottom of the pit. The sand, after wetting with water, is compacted.
Then the pillar is laid from blocks. The elements are laid on cement mortar.
To perform vertical waterproofing, the pole is coated with two layers of bitumen.
Horizontal waterproofing is made of two layers of roofing material.

Arrangement of frame wall structure

Before building a house from wood, you need to treat all wooden structural elements yourself with antiseptics and fire retardants to protect them from rot and mold, as well as fire.

To make the frame of a wooden house, the following beams are used:

For the bottom trim it is worth taking an element with a cross-section of 100x150 mm.
For the top trim - timber 100x100 mm.
For gable posts – 50x100 mm.
A beam with a cross section of 100x100 mm is used as side posts.
Floor beams are made from 80x100 mm timber.

Installation of the wall frame is carried out in the following sequence:

The bottom trim beam is laid on the columnar base and secured to it with anchors.
The crown bars are mounted on the support beams. They are laid along the perimeter of the foundation in increments of 60-70 cm. On the beam of the lower frame, the elements are fixed by insertion or using steel corners.
After this, they begin to assemble the wall frame. The bars are fixed to the lower frame using powerful steel corners, which can reliably hold the beam in a vertical position.
Vertical posts are mounted along the edges of window and door openings.
Now the upper frame beam is fixed.
After assembling the frame of the four walls, the side corner posts are fastened to each other using corners. These racks are additionally supported by diagonal struts on each side. This will give rigidity to the entire structure.
Door and window openings are strengthened with additional posts, since the door or window structures will be fixed here.
Now you can start covering the walls with sheet wood materials (OSB, chipboard or moisture-resistant plywood). The selected thermal insulation material is laid between the frame posts.
Then the floor beams are laid. They are mounted on the upper strapping belt exactly above the installation site of the vertical frame posts. For tight laying, grooves are cut out in the beams. For additional fixation, nails, screws and steel corners are used.
To make further work on the roofing easier to carry out, temporary plank flooring is installed on the floor beams.

Roof installation

When installing the rafter system, you can use one of three sequences of actions:

The outer pairs of rafters are fastened on the ground, after which they are raised and installed on the harness in the place where the gable of the house is made. Two pairs of rafter legs are connected to each other by a ridge beam. After this, the remaining rafters are mounted on the ridge beam with equal spacing.
The second installation option begins with the central pillars of the gables. After installation, they are fastened to the ridge beam, to which the rafter legs will subsequently be fixed.
Another installation method is carried out in such a way that the pairs of rafters in the upper part are connected by a ridge plate, and their lower part is attached to a harness that performs the functions of a power plate.

After completing the roof frame, installation work is carried out in the following order:

A vapor barrier film is laid on the slopes formed by the rafters, which is fastened with staples and pressed against the rafters by counter-lattice strips. The film should be laid across the rafters, starting from the bottom. The overlap of adjacent strips is 20 cm.
The sheathing is installed perpendicular to the counter batten slats. The installation step of the guides is usually 30-40 cm. If flexible rolled material is used as a roofing covering, then a continuous sheathing is made of OSB.
After this, you can lay the selected roofing material.
The roof is insulated from the inside. To do this, heat-insulating material (mineral wool) is placed between the rafter legs.
Then the insulation is covered with a layer of waterproofing, which is fastened with staples to the rafters.
After this, the roof can be hemmed with clapboard, chipboard, plywood or OSB.
The eaves overhang can be hemmed with wooden or plastic lining. Instead, you can use special plastic spotlights.
The roof drainage system is installed on the wind board.
The pediment frame is sewn up and insulated in the same way as the walls.

Floor installation

First of all, cranial bars are attached to the frame beams. They are needed for laying subfloor boards on them.
After this, subfloor boards or plywood 8-10 mm thick are laid on the cranial bars.
Next, a waterproofing membrane is spread over the subfloor, going around the beams. The material is laid with an overlap (15-20 cm), the joints are taped.
After this, we place the selected thermal insulation material between the beams on the film. Its thickness should be equal to the thickness of the beams.
The entire structure is covered with another layer of vapor barrier. It is attached to the supporting beams with brackets.
After this, the floor is leveled with plywood or wooden floorboards.
The selected floor covering can be laid on top.
Now you can announce the completion of construction to your family.

For me, it was a matter of principle to choose exactly the option when, with the least labor and material costs, you can quickly and efficiently build a full-fledged residential building for a family.

After studying several sources and many options, I decided to settle on the option, and took the standard project “Canadian - 1” as a basis.

I really liked this compact two-story house 7x7.5 m, and after making the necessary calculations, I decided that such a project was within my capabilities and means.

If there are a sufficient number of living rooms and utility rooms, it looks relatively small, and the cost of construction is several times less than when building a brick house of the same dimensions.

A typical project provides for the consumption of materials in the following sizes:

Edged boards 5x15 cm - 25m3;

Roofing board 2.5x15 cm - 3m3;

Polystyrene foam for insulation - 25m3;

Rolled insulation insulation - 5 rolls;

Polyurethane foam - 30 fl;

OSB - 200 sheets;

Roof waterproofing - 3 rolls;

Soft roof - area 70 m2;

cement, tar, solvent, antiseptic, anchor bolts.

According to the project, on the ground floor there is a living room with a kitchen and a large dining room, a bathroom and a small hall with a vestibule from the front door. The second floor consists of three living rooms, a small common hall and a fairly spacious bathroom. The project was also attracted by the fact that the garage has a common wall with the house, which saves materials and provides additional thermal insulation.

I chose a project, prepared the necessary materials for the first stage of work and began construction.

Before you build a house with your own hands, we lay the foundation

A properly installed foundation is the key to how long a house will last and how comfortable it will be to live in. Since my site is located on the bank of a river and the groundwater is high, in order to avoid moisture, I did not make a basement and decided to make a foundation according to TISE on concrete piles.

My goal was to build a house with my own hands cheaply, and therefore the option on poles suited me also because of its low cost.

For the piles, I used used asbestos-cement pipes with a diameter of 250 mm and a length of 2.5 m. I deepened the pipes into the ground by one and a half meters, so that a column 1 meter high emerged above the ground. I reinforced them with fiberglass reinforcement with a diameter of 16 mm, filled them with concrete mortar and secured No. 22 anchor bolts at the top of each column.

Within a month, I personally erected 24 pillars - the basis for the future house. The concrete in each column hardened within two weeks. This time was spent purchasing and delivering materials for tying the foundation.

As soon as the concrete had finally set, I started tying - I first selected grooves from the ends of the beam with a cross-section of 15 cm for better tying, and at the joints I deepened the sockets for fastening the anchor bolts.

According to my calculations, it took me a little more than 30,000 rubles to build this - the cost of the material.

In order to fix the frame as securely as possible when assembling the harness, I placed a wide washer under each nut - this way I tightened the nuts all the way without the risk of unnecessarily damaging the beams. As the work progressed, I simultaneously treated the entire structure with tar antiseptic and waterproofed it with construction tar.

In this form, the foundation easily survived the winter, and I was convinced that I had made the right choice.

To build a wooden house with your own hands, we begin to build the frame of the first floor and frame it

You can see from my step-by-step photos how to build a house with your own hands, without using heavy equipment, additional labor and unnecessary funds.

With the onset of the first fine spring days, I set about installing the walls of the first floor. The principle of constructing a frame dwelling is that the finished frame parts are installed in the proper place and secured there.

I assembled the structural elements piece by piece on a flat area, and then lifted them onto the foundation and alternately fastened them to the base and to each other. In addition, I assembled the technical openings for windows and doors separately and also lifted them onto the walls for fastening.

Since the structures are relatively small, I coped with this work practically alone, I just resorted to the help of my wife so that she would hold the structure while I was doing the fastenings.

Sheets of roofing material must be laid between the foundation and parts of the structure.

In a month I managed to put up three walls on the first floor.

When installing the structures, I ensured that the frame posts were spaced 60 cm apart from each other, since the standard width of the OSB sheet is 120 cm.

I adhered to the same principle when installing floor transfers.

It took me two more weekends to remove all the walls of the first floor - I really wanted to quickly build a house with my own hands.

Of course, thinking about how to build a beautiful house with my own hands, I studied a lot of reference material, including the book “Individual house “platform” - it inspired me to get creative!

Taking the “Canadian” project as a basis, I made a frame during construction in accordance with the provided assembly technology. And although I changed some things during the work at my own discretion, I did not change the basis of the project in order to avoid improper distribution of the load on the load-bearing structural elements.

As a result, this is the frame I got for the first floor:

Simultaneously with raising the walls of the first floor, I began to assemble the frame of the future interfloor staircase.

The next step in solving the problem of how to build a frame house with your own hands is the process of tying the first floor.

To do this, we lay insulation material folded in two layers along all the upper edges of the structure and then lay a 5 cm thick board along the entire perimeter.

Our ceiling joists are also floor transfers for the second floor. Therefore, we lay them apart from each other at intervals of 60 cm, attaching them to the harness.

Work in good weather goes well, and the results are obvious.

Now I know for sure that anyone can build a wooden house with their own hands. This is a job in which the main thing is to comply with all the required standards and do everything with the utmost care - only then can you properly build a house with your own hands.

For those who are interested in this issue, my step-by-step photos will help you build a frame house with your own hands.

This photo of me shows that the first floor frame and floors are completely completed. This is the beautiful “platform” I ended up with.

Work doesn't always go quickly, and on the next weekend I was able to do little - the intense heat got in the way. But the staircase, which I installed anyway, served as additional support and added rigidity to the overall structure of the first floor.

Still, a lot has been accomplished in a relatively short period of time, considering that I worked almost alone.

By the way, since according to the design there should be a two-meter wide balcony-terrace above the southern side of the house, I set the ceiling joists above this part of the first floor to the required length so that they protrude 2 meters beyond the boundary of the wall structure.

The wooden parts in the right places were additionally fastened together with metal corners. To screw in the screws, I used an electric drill with a special mount for self-tapping screws.

As a result, the transfers of interfloor ceilings look like this:

Of course, it is difficult to calculate all construction costs in advance - there are many factors that influence changes in the final cost of the project. Moreover, you still need to solve the problem of how to build a beautiful house with your own hands, and not just put up a wooden box.

When building the foundation, frame of the first floor and floors, I spent about 80,000 rubles on materials.

The approximate amount I plan to spend to build a house made of wood with my own hands is 500 thousand rubles.

The next stage of completing the task of how to build a frame house with your own hands - we begin to build the second floor, and sheathe the structure with OSB sheets

It is very difficult to work in hot weather, especially at altitude. Therefore, construction is progressing slowly. I assemble the wall frame on the ground, then lift it and put it in place. If you work carefully during the assembly of structures, joining them at the fastening site does not present any difficulties.

The photo shows how the first wall of the second floor was installed:

On hot days it was impossible to work more than three to four hours, so in the middle of summer work slowed down a little. But as soon as the intense heat subsided, work continued at the same pace. At the same time as the side walls of the second floor, the end walls were also brought “under the roof”.

It was already difficult to work here alone to build a wooden house with your own hands, so he invited two assistants, and the heavy facade structures were lifted using ropes and inclined guides.

Along with the installation of the facade structures, they also made a screed along the ridge and starting rafters.

Having finished installing the wooden structures of the walls and ridge, I started covering the walls with panels - things went much more fun. First, I covered the corner parts of the walls with panels.

I tried to do the work of covering with OSB sheets in a few days - I didn’t want to take any risks and decided to protect the inside of the structures from the threat of getting wet during rains. You can see from my photos how I managed to build a house with my own hands almost alone.

How to build a house roof with your own hands?

This is exactly the question that confronted me as soon as I finished building the walls.

Before that, I had done almost all the main work myself, occasionally resorting to outside help when it was necessary to support part of the structure or lift heavy façade parts to the second floor.

And now, in order to solve the question of how to build the roof of a house with your own hands, when it came to lathing the roof, I had to call another assistant, since I am not very successful at working on the rafters alone. The work was much more fun together.

Just like the ceilings of the first floor, I put a 5 cm thick board on the rafters, and also installed the rafters at intervals of 60 cm, so that I could then lay the OSB sheet on a base of three boards.

My assistant and I installed a vapor barrier on top of the rafters, using 3 rolls of roof hydraulic membrane.

OSB sheets were laid on top of the vapor barrier material. They were lifted onto the roof in the same way as the façade frames.

One side of the roof has already been covered with OSB. There are small areas and one more slope left. Since autumn is approaching and the rains have become more frequent, I threw away all other things and began to work closely on the roof - in order to protect the frame from excessive wetting. The work is hard, but perseverance conquers everything, and a helper is very helpful.

At this stage, it took me 7 cubes of 150x50 boards to build; almost two - 200x50; and 65 sheets of OSB - for external cladding, without floors and partitions.

All the lumber has practically gone into use, only the smallest trimmings - no more than 20 cm, are stored for further use as fuel - on a fire or in a smokehouse. If you use materials sparingly and carefully, you can build a house with your own hands relatively cheaply.

But since this season I am physically unable to cover the house with siding, in order to prevent heavy and frequent rains from spoiling the material, I decided to treat the slabs with tar diluted in a solvent.

The house temporarily acquired a gloomy black appearance, but is now reliably protected from moisture and destruction.

How to build a wooden house with your own hands: insulation and sound insulation

When I had completed the exterior work, during rainy weather I did a little work on the interior - insulating and at the same time soundproofing the floors with foam plastic slabs.

The gaps between the joints and walls were foamed with polyurethane foam using a gun. From the bottom I hemmed OSB sheets to the floor slabs of the first floor using wood screws, having previously supported them with spacers. This is very important in order to properly build a house with your own hands - in this way I not only protected the internal structures from strong temperature changes, but also protected the foam from destruction by mice, which love to live in it.

The floor inside the room was covered separately in rooms, so as not to damage the foam in the ceilings.

Isolon was laid on top of the log on the floor and secured with a construction stapler, and on top - OSB sheets, which were laid on the floor in a checkerboard pattern. This is important, because when laying sheets joined at four corners, the floors begin to creak heavily.

Gradually, the inside of the house is transformed and takes on an attractive appearance. Here you can already get serious about the internal work on wall insulation.

The work for the construction season has been completed, I covered the window openings for the winter with OSB sheets and covered them with film, and mothballed the construction of the house until next spring.

So, I have completed the main work and my dream - to build a house out of wood with my own hands - is close to completion. In the winter, weather permitting, I will begin interior finishing work, and with the onset of spring, work will begin with renewed vigor.

I hope I explained in detail and proved with the help of photos that you can build a frame house with your own hands!

Perhaps some of you, after reading my article, will be inspired to build one, and the photos given here will help him with this.

Building a home with your own hands should always begin with careful preparation. First of all, you need to carry out some activities not related to construction (however, without them, construction of the house will not begin). To begin with, you should create a technical statement. task for designing a house and site layout . Then a project is developed/purchased - not only of the house itself, but also of the adjacent buildings. After this, all permitting documentation for construction work is drawn up and approved.

On a note! If you plan to develop a garden on the site, it is advisable to plant trees first so that they grow and mature during the construction process.

Stage No. 1. "Null"

The foundation is being built, as well as the “zero” floor (in other words, the basement, provided that it is provided for by the project). First you must decide what foundation to choose for a house. The process itself will look something like this:

— the fertile layer of soil is removed from the selected area;

- digging a pit for the foundation (here everything depends on the specific type of structure - you can, for example, make foundation on screw piles); if a basement is not provided, the pit can be dug manually, although It’s easier and faster to use special equipment for this;

— all necessary communications are laid under the foundation (if it is slab, then it is recommended to equip under it drainage and an auxiliary sewer pipe for drainage);

- the remaining voids are filled up (as well as the basement floor, if there is such a room).

Stage No. 2. Main works

Walls and interfloor ceilings are constructed and installed stairs, internal partitions. Next are being built awnings and the roof (read about how to make a gable roof with your own hands). Installed Garage Doors, external doors, windows, etc. At the end it is produced house exterior decoration(using plaster, siding, decorative stone, lining, facing brick, etc.).

Stage No. 3. Communications

This is a very important stage of construction, which consists of laying out all the necessary communications and installing engineering equipment. In particular, we are talking about:

— heating system;

— gas (if provided);

- ventilation system, air conditioning system (optionally - supply ventilation in a private house);

- alarm system, video surveillance system, TV, Internet.

Stage No. 4. Interior decoration

At this stage of construction, ceilings are decorated (painted/whitewashed, suspended or tensile structures), the walls are processed (leveled, puttied, wallpapered, etc.), poured floor screed(if we are talking about concrete floors), floor coverings are laid. In addition, you need to install

From this article you can learn how to build your own house with your own hands at minimal cost and choose the optimal material for this. The text describes possible ways to save money and tips on how to avoid mistakes during work. The article examines the features of projects based on frame technology, brick, timber, gas blocks and other materials, as well as the cost-effectiveness of each of them.

Building a house from scratch always comes with high costs. Not every owner of a suburban area can afford to implement such a project, regardless of the numbers in the estimate. In most cases, you have to build a cheap home yourself to fit within your budget. However, when resorting to savings, you need to clearly understand in what cases it will be reasonable, since subsequently the owner himself and his relatives will have to live in this building.

Which house is cheaper to build?: choosing an economical project

Savings begin with the rational allocation of funds and the correct choice of project. The more complex the shape and architecture of the building, the higher the costs will be.

After choosing a suitable project, you can build a house cheaply and quickly, but for this you need to take into account the following nuances:

Simple layout and building diagram.
Minimum amount of area.
Optimal materials.
Use of substandard formwork.
The right approach to land work.

Important! You should not skimp on the quality of materials or technical supervision when constructing an expensive project. It is better to limit your choice to a small building with a regular roof and without complex architectural elements, then you will not have to resort to cutting costs.

By choosing a project with a minimum number of architectural forms, you can increase the chances of fitting into a limited budget. To develop the optimal home layout, you need to use space wisely. For one person, 11 m² of space is enough. By multiplying this indicator by the number of family members, and adding general purpose rooms and sanitary facilities to the result, you can get a house that is optimal in all respects.

No matter how difficult the soil on the site is, you need to buy suitable materials to build a house. When choosing what to build a house from, you should not strive for maximum savings at the expense of quality. The same applies to the services of specialists hired to perform work that cannot be done by hand, or to prepare documentation with the appropriate permits. If you take light-weight materials, you can reduce the load on the foundation part and get by with the construction of a simplified foundation.

Significant savings can be achieved by using substandard forms for the construction of formwork structures. At the same time, it is highly undesirable to reduce costs on cement. The grade of material must be of high quality, otherwise premature destruction of the structure will occur.

By calculating the correct depth level based on the mass of the building, you can prevent severe shrinkage of the house. This will reduce the risk of cracks and other defects that may require significant repair costs in the future.

How to build a house with your own hands: photos of projects from different materials

If the construction will be done with your own hands, it is necessary to calculate the costs - preliminary drawing up an estimate. The most economical and fastest method of construction is frame technology. Such structures are stable, practical and not subject to deformation changes. The service life of houses built using frame technology is about 75 years. There are no restrictions on the use of cladding.

The time frame for building a house with your own hands using frame technology usually takes several months. In some cases, you can limit yourself to a few weeks.

There are two types of frame technology:

Panel.
Panel.

Note! It is possible to build an inexpensive house using frame technology if the length of the building does not exceed 20 m and there are no more than 3 floors. In other cases, such a project will be costly.

Frame-panel technology allows you to carry out construction with your own hands. This process consists of the following steps:

making a frame from wood;
laying waterproofing and insulation;
installation of panels as cladding.

In this case, the speed of construction of the building is significantly reduced, since each element is mounted separately.

Frame-panel technology does not require much effort, it is reliable, but is accompanied by higher costs than the previous option. This method involves building a house based on ready-made factory-produced panels. The owner of the summer cottage will only have to correctly assemble all the structural elements

When deciding what to build an inexpensive and high-quality house from, in most cases developers give preference to the following materials:

brick;
wooden beam;
gas blocks.

Based on these materials, you can create a beautiful and comfortable home with your own hands. In each case, construction will have certain advantages and disadvantages.

Frame technology: what to build a house from inexpensively and with high quality, pros and cons

Using frame technology, the owner of a summer cottage deals with both the advantages and disadvantages of this method.

The positive side of this method is as follows:

Cost-effective – technology allows you to create cheap housing yourself.
Lighter weight of the building - due to this, the foundation part of the building can be simplified.
High speed of construction.
No shrinkage - the walls are not subject to deformation changes.
The walls retain heat well, so it becomes possible to reduce heating costs.

Warming up of frame houses occurs quite quickly. Since the walls are made of materials with low thermal conductivity, heat loss is minimal.

There are not many disadvantages of frame technology. This method requires at least minimal experience in construction, so before starting work, it is advisable to get advice from specialists, read technical information and watch visual video reviews. Only in this case will the use of frame technology be economically justified.

In addition, wood needs impregnation, so you will have to additionally purchase special products that provide protection from the influence of negative factors:

fire;

insects;
water, etc.

Note! It is advisable to provide a good ventilation system in the house. This is especially true for buildings with several floors.

You can cheaply build a house using frame technology from wood or metal. In the first case, the material does not weigh down the building; the walls of such a house breathe and maintain optimal climatic conditions. If you use metal, then a lightweight thermal profile is ideal for construction.

Related article:

Classification, constituent materials, technological parameters and dimensions. Characteristics, price-quality ratio.

Advantages of thermal profile:

complete fire safety;

there is no need to use biological protection;
light weight.

In many ways, metal is much better than wood, but it is very important to monitor its condition and provide protection from corrosion. Each site owner decides for himself what is cheaper to build a house from, although it should be borne in mind that the service life of a metal profile is much longer than that of wood. As a foundation, you can use a shallow strip, pile or slab foundation.

Features of building a brick house with your own hands

Brick is considered one of the most popular materials used for the construction of private and country houses. However, it is not very suitable for those who seek to reduce construction time and limit themselves to minimal costs.

Disadvantages of building brick buildings:

the need to manufacture very thick panels for walls;
the formation of brickwork takes a lot of time;
the building is subject to shrinkage;
a mixture is required to fix the bricks;
heavy weight of the building, requiring a powerful and reliable foundation.

In this case, savings are impossible, since you will have to deepen the foundation to the point where the soil freezes, hire specialists for this, or rent equipment. Therefore, when choosing what to build a house cheaply from, you should not use brick, which is more suitable for creating high-quality and durable buildings.

Long and labor-intensive work on laying walls is an important drawback in construction

The advantages of brick construction are manifested in the following cases:

the construction of a house is carried out “for centuries”;
the site has suitable soil parameters and the required level of the aquifer;
the owner is experienced enough to do all the work himself;
the developer has enough time.

If all the above conditions are met, the cost of building a house will be justified.

Features of building an inexpensive house from aerated blocks

Gas blocks are ideal for building an economical house. These elements come in a wide variety of sizes and shapes. The technology for working with them is very simple, so you can easily build a house with your own hands.

Does not require insulation

Advantages of using gas blocks:

the ability to reduce the thickness of walls without compromising energy savings;
lighter weight of the building and the possibility of saving on the foundation part;
durability;
practicality;
high level of sound insulation.

Note! A house made of aerated blocks has its own characteristics, so you will need to carefully select the finishing and perform high-quality waterproofing work.

Building a house yourself using aerated blocks is beneficial for many other reasons. Such buildings are practically not subject to shrinkage. The work will require the purchase of a special adhesive composition, but construction time is reduced to a minimum, and the consumption of the fixing solution is reduced three times.

How to quickly and inexpensively build a house from timber with your own hands

Building a wooden house is much more profitable than building a building based on aerated concrete or brick. This technology is simpler and more accessible. Housing made of timber is very warm. If you comply with all the requirements, such a structure will be quite durable and will last a long time.

For construction, it is better to take timber with a section size of 200 mm. You will also need a layer of insulation with a thickness of at least 100 mm. The walls are covered with a 2-3 cm layer of plaster. The result is a cost-effective, attractive home whose service life will be several decades.

When, you need to pay attention to the quality of materials

What are the advantages of building a house with your own hands from wood:

All work can be done by yourself.
Low cost of material.
High level of thermal insulation.
Short construction time.
Light weight of the building.

Timber is perfect for building an inexpensive house as an alternative to blocks and bricks. However, you will need to carefully study the features of this process.

An important advantage of the building is its low cost.

What is cheaper to build a house from?: Brief overview of prices

When selecting materials for cheap and fast construction, you need to consider some factors:

soil features;
project specificity;
conditions of the development site.

It should also be taken into account that the most expensive part is paying for the services of workers, so many site owners are interested in how to quickly build a house on their own.

Average prices for building houses:

Building type	Price, rub./m²
Frame	890
From timber	1950
From aerated concrete	2000
Brick	2350

If you do not take into account the features of the site, the table shows that the most economical building is a house built using frame technology.

Note! The prices in the table are based on average indicators: the soil freezing level is 1.5 m, groundwater lies at a depth of 2.5 m.

How to build a house with your own hands: description of technology

Before you begin work on arranging a house on your own site, you should determine the order of work.

Main stages of construction:

Making the foundation.
Creating a box.
Laying communication systems (electricity and plumbing).
Installation of ceilings.
Construction of the roof.
Finishing work.

Lightening the foundation is the most effective way to reduce costs. It works provided that lightweight material is chosen for the construction of the walls. If a pile, slab or shallow foundation is used, the foundation is constructed at a level of 0.5 m. After this, waterproofing work is carried out.

How to build a houseon your own: creating a box

To find out how much material is needed to build a box, you should use a special formula. To do this, it is necessary to divide the total area of the building, which is measured in m3, by the amount of piece material contained in 1 m3.

If you want to make construction as economical as possible, you should not use brick; other materials are suitable for these purposes:

adobe;
foam concrete;
aerated concrete;
beam;
shell rock

Of all the listed materials, shell rock is able to offer the highest vapor permeability. Thanks to this, it becomes possible to reduce the cost of organizing thermal insulation, but in this case good waterproofing will be required. In a house made of shell rock, it is necessary to strengthen the door and window openings. You can use metal corners for this.

How to build a housewith your own hands: using insulation

When the building frame is ready, work is carried out to insulate it. The most reliable and proven materials are glass wool and mineral wool. You should not save on the quantity and quality of rolls, because the more carefully the work aimed at insulation is carried out, the lower the cost of heating the house in the future will be. There is another positive feature - the service life of the building increases, while the need for restoration and repair of the building will not arise soon.

Drywall is suitable for making internal partitions in a box. Sheets of this material are affordable and allow you to create lightweight structures of any shape while maintaining high strength.

The use of metal profiles will strengthen the walls. These elements are easily fixed and sheathed using plasterboard sheets. Such work does not require high costs and is completed very quickly.

How to build a house with your own hands: organization of heating, water supply and sewerage

A gas boiler is suitable as heating equipment for a private home. The use of a furnace and a water circuit is permitted. Of course, operating the stove is accompanied by some difficulties, but it allows you to save money, unlike gas heating.

Helpful advice! Solar panels are an excellent alternative heating option. However, it is only suitable for regions with a lot of sunny days.

When organizing water supply and sewerage systems, it is better to give preference to systems, since they are economical. In order to drill a well, the appropriate conditions will be required; the process itself is quite simple. At the same time, the owner of the site receives a constant supply of water to the house, regardless of centralized systems.

To organize a sewer system, you can build a septic tank on the site. The design will require proper installation and selection of equipment, but the work will be performed one-time. A high-quality septic tank will allow you to forget about problems such as blockages in pipes, etc. for a long time.

How to build a house quickly: work on organizing floors and roofing

The construction of the floor and roof can also be done independently. Wood beams should be used in the work. It is first necessary to secure a reinforced belt around the entire perimeter of the building.

To build a house with your own hands at minimal cost, it is better to use materials from the budget segment to organize the roof:

slate sheets;

ondulin;
corrugated sheeting;

All of the listed materials can be found on store shelves in a wide range, so it will not be difficult to choose a coating of the required color or configuration. To increase the strength of the roof fixation, it is recommended to construct a sheathing. Additional insulation of the entire structure would not hurt. This will prevent heat leakage through the roof. Glass wool is suitable for this. Reeds, wood, and straw can be used as environmentally friendly roofing materials.

How to build a house yourself: flooring technology

Concrete floors are the most simplified option. To do this, you need to organize a screed and fill everything with cement mortar. All that remains is to insulate the base and perform the finishing touches.

Technology for manufacturing concrete floors:

cleaning the base from debris and dust;
clay bedding as a waterproofing layer;
formation of a sand and gravel cushion;
laying waterproofing;
installation of thermal insulation material (foam plastic, basalt wool, foamed polystyrene or expanded clay);
reinforcement with metal rods or mesh;
installation of guides;
preparing and pouring the solution;
alignment.

Helpful advice! If the screed is done on the upper floors, additional reinforcement of the floors must be performed.

How to build a house inexpensively: interior decoration

Interior decoration depends on the imagination and budgetary capabilities of the owner. Suitable finishing materials for the floor:

tile;
laminate;
linoleum, etc.

Tile is considered the most practical and resistant to mechanical damage material. It is easy to clean, and due to the use of the “Warm Floor” system, this finish will not be cold.

With the help of suspended ceilings you can visually expand the interior space of a small house. The glossy surface creates a beautiful decorative effect due to the reflection of light. Structural elements such as openings, niches, and arches will be an excellent interior decoration. To make these parts, it is better to use metal profiles and plasterboard sheets.

The following materials can be used as finishing for wall surfaces:

wallpaper for painting;
decorative plaster;
wood.

As for technical supervision, it is better to involve an experienced builder or engineer in resolving this issue, since not a single article or video can help to fully understand the features of this process. Also, you should not skimp on communication systems, convenient access to the yard and other aspects that provide comfort. When entrusting the development of a project to professionals, it is very important to get the opinions of different specialists. The actions of the foreman and the designer must be coordinated.

Based on the information presented in the article, we can come to the conclusion that building a house with your own hands without construction experience is quite possible. To do this, you will need to calculate the cost and required amount of material in advance, study the technology and draw up a work plan, as well as allocate time in your schedule. The rest depends on effort and determination.