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What is a natural geographical location? Geographical location and natural conditions

06.02.2024

Topic 10. Russia in the global economy

1. Natural-geographical position of Russia and its national wealth.

2. Industry structure and main indicators of the Russian economy.

3. Main problems of the Russian economy.

4. Russia's participation in international organizations.

5. Russia's participation in integration unions in the post-Soviet space.

Russia, officially the Russian Federation or Russia, in practice the abbreviation RF is also used - a state in Eastern Europe and Northern Asia.

Russia is the largest state in the world, occupying 11.5% of the land area - 17,098,246 km² (1st place in the world).

The population as of 2012 is 143,030,106 people (9th place in the world).

The capital is Moscow (10.5 million people).

National language - Russian.

The head of state is the president.

Legislative body: bicameral Federal Assembly (State Duma and Federation Council).

Russia is a mixed republic with a federal structure. It is divided into 83 administrative-territorial units, 46 of which are regions, 21 are republics, nine are territories, two are federal cities, four are autonomous okrugs and one is an autonomous region.

Russia borders with eighteen countries (the largest number in the world), including two partially recognized ones, of which by land with the following states: Norway, Finland, Estonia, Latvia, Lithuania, Poland, Belarus, Ukraine, Abkhazia, Georgia, South Ossetia, Azerbaijan , Kazakhstan, China, Mongolia, North Korea.

Russia is one of the most water-rich countries in the world. The country has some of the world's largest fresh water reserves. Surface waters occupy 12.4% of Russia's territory, with 84% of surface waters concentrated east of the Urals; Many densely populated areas of the European part of Russia experience a shortage of water resources. The structure of water use is dominated by industrial needs.

The largest freshwater lake is Baikal in the eastern part of the country (about 31,700 km²), which is the deepest lake on the planet.

The country is rich in various mineral resources. Russia has the world's largest proven natural gas reserves and is also its largest producer. In addition, Russia shares first and second place in terms of the volume of oil produced, and ranks second in terms of the volume of its exports. Large coal deposits are found in the Komi Republic, Eastern Siberia and the Far East. Russia is also rich in iron ore, nickel, tin, gold, diamonds, platinum, lead, and zinc. Many of these resources are located in Siberia, where long distances, sparse populations, harsh climate and permafrost pose significant challenges to economically extracting and transporting raw materials to places of processing and consumption.

Russia is an industrial country with a dynamically developing economy. The GDP volume for 2011 amounted to 2.376 trillion US dollars (about 16,700 US dollars per capita). The monetary unit is the Russian ruble (the average exchange rate for 2011 is 29.4 rubles per 1 US dollar).

The Russian economy ranks 6th in the world in terms of GDP in PPP terms (for 2011). According to 2007 data, the share of the Russian economy in the world economy is 3.2%.

Introduction………………..……………………………………………………....3-4

Chapter 1. Socio-economic situation in the Megino-Kangalassky district

1.1. Natural-geographical position and population of the area………..…..5-8

1.2. Cultural and historical features of the area…………………………8-10

Chapter 2. Economic characteristics and current trends in the development of tourism in the Megino-Kangalassky region………………………………………………………………………………….……11

2.1. Zoning and SWOT analysis of the Megino-Kangalassky district of the district…………………………………………………………………………………11-16

Conclusion………………………………………………………………20-21

Bibliography………………………………………………………………21-23

Introduction

In the modern world, tourism is one of the most interesting forms of leisure, playing an important role in expanding and enriching human spiritual culture and erudition. In addition, this type of recreation is an important highly profitable sector of the world economy, which for many countries serves as a priority source of income.

In the context of growing globalization, the development of tourism is of priority interest and great prospects for Yakutia. Currently, no systematic work is being carried out to develop rural tourism.

Purpose of the study– tourist zoning of the Megino-Kangalassky district to develop recommendations for optimizing the functioning of the main types of tourism activities.

To achieve this goal, the following have been put forward: tasks:

1. Consider the scientific and theoretical foundations of tourism;

2. Characterize the Megino-Kangalassky ulus;

3. Study the socio-economic situation of the Megino-Kangalassky district;

4. Conduct zoning and SWOT analysis of the Megino-Kangalassky district;

Object of study: Tourism in the Megino-Kangalassky region.

Subject of study: Development of tourism in the Megino-Kangalassky region.

In order to study the recreational potential of the Megino-Kangalassky region, this study used the following methods:

· Quantitative and qualitative methods of collecting material

· Zoning

· SWOT analysis

At the end of the work done, we will offer recommendations for the development of tourism in the Megino-Kangalassky region.

Chapter 1. Socio-economic situation in the Megino-Kangalassky district

Natural-geographical position and population of the area

Megino-Kangalassky ulus is located in Central Yakutia. The main part of the territory is occupied by the Central Yakut Plain, in the south the Lena Plateau. The relief is flat. The modern valley of the Lena River within the ulus is represented by a narrow strip dividing the territory into two terraces and a floodplain. Most of the ulus is occupied by the Alas subdistrict. Typical taiga-alas landscapes are typical here.

Area - 11.7 thousand km². It borders in the north with the Ust-Aldan ulus, in the northeast - with Churapchinsky, in the southeast - with Amginsky, in the southwest - with Khangalassky, in the west - with the urban district of Yakutsk. This is the smallest ulus in the Sakha Republic. Its area is more than 27 times smaller than the largest ulus in the republic - Olenyoksky ulus, but at the same time the area of ​​the ulus is comparable to the area of ​​Israel.

Megino-Kangalassky ulus, being one of the small districts of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) in terms of territory (11.7 thousand km2), nevertheless, in terms of population it is a relatively large ulus and ranks 5th in the republic out of 34 districts (see appendix 1). It accounts for 3.3% of the population of Yakutia. The average age of the population is 30.1 years.

The ulus is located in the Central Yakut Lowland; the southern part is on the Lena Plateau. The western border of the ulus runs along the branches of the Lena River. On the territory of the ulus there are 3 plains: Mayinskaya, Nyuryuktyai, Tyungyulyunskaya. There are many lakes on the territory of the ulus - Tungulyu, Balyktakh. Also Abalakh, a lake with healing mud. The main waterway of great economic importance is the Lena River, which washes the northwestern and western borders. From east to west, the territory of the ulus is crossed by tributaries of the Lena: Suola, Myla, Tamma. The lakes of the ulus are also of great economic importance, being almost the only source of drinking water.

Administrative center - the village of Nizhny Bestyakh

Natural conditions. The predominant taiga type is dominated by light coniferous forests of Cajander larch and, in places, pine. Middle taiga forests are characterized by greater density and high productivity (wood reserves are 4-5 times higher). Larch forests predominate. Larch forests, lingonberry forbs, forb limnas, lingonberry green moss, and lingonberry-blueberry-ledum green moss and sphagnum forests grow on dry soils. Pine forests grow on drier soils of light mechanical composition with a predominance of soapberry, lichen, and shrub green moss types. On richer and more humid soils, stripes of lingonberry-green moss spruce forests grow.

Among the herbaceous plants, Kuvaev's dandelion, smoothed iris, spring Adonis, large-flowered larkspur, speedwell, spotted slipper, Fuchs' palmate root, monotuberous grass, Yakut thermopsis, in some places - Pennsylvania lily, tetrahedral water lily, hericium coralliform (mushroom) grow everywhere.

Berry plants that grow everywhere include lingonberries, red and black currants, strawberries, blueberries, bearberry, and in some places raspberries and blackberries.

The fauna on the territory of the Megino-Kangalassky ulus is quite diverse. The theriofauna of the Megino-Kangalassky ulus includes 32 species of mammals; the avifauna includes 149 species of birds, of which 116 nest (including 23 sedentary) and 33 are found on migration. Birds listed in the Red Book of the Republic of Sakha (Yakutia) include the American goose, the lesser white-fronted lesser white-fronted goose, the bean goose, the whooper swan, the little swan and the kloktun.

Specially protected natural areas. The creation and operation of specially protected natural areas (SPNA) in Russia is regulated by the Federal Law “On Specially Protected Natural Areas” (1995). According to the law, “specially protected natural areas are areas of land, water surface and air space above them, where natural complexes and objects are located that have special environmental, scientific, cultural, aesthetic, recreational and health value, which are withdrawn by decisions of state authorities completely or partly from economic use and for which a special protection regime has been established. Specially protected natural areas are classified as objects of national heritage."

Currently, 6 natural parks and 78 resource reserves of republican significance have been created in Yakutia.

Of these, in the Megino-Kangalassky ulus, specially protected natural areas of republican significance (Ytyk kere sirder) include:

1. resource reserve (Ereeyi Sirder) “Tamma”

2. protected landscapes (Uluu tuelbeler) “Abalakh”

3. unique lake “Abalakh”

4. unique lake “Tyungulyu”

5. Natural monument (Aiyl5a menelere) “Eryuyu”

6. Natural monument (Aiyl5a menelere) “Muostakh Taryn”

7. Natural monument (Aiyl5a menelere) “Sullar”

Thus, on the territory of the Megino-Kangalassky district there is a huge number of specially protected natural areas and beautiful landscapes, which in the future may become the basis for the development of new tourist routes.

Geographical position geographical position

the position of any point or other object on the earth’s surface in relation to other territories or objects; relative to the Earth's surface, the geographical position is determined using coordinates. A distinction is made between geographical location in relation to natural objects and to economic-geographical objects. Geographical location in economic geography is a historical category.

GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION

GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION, the position of any point or other object on the earth’s surface in relation to other territories or objects; relative to the Earth's surface, the geographical position is determined using coordinates. A distinction is made between geographical location in relation to natural objects and to economic-geographical objects. Geographical location in economic geography (cm. ECONOMICAL GEOGRAPHY)- historical category.


encyclopedic Dictionary. 2009 .

See what “geographical location” is in other dictionaries:

    The position of any point or other object on the earth’s surface in relation to other territories or objects; relative to the Earth's surface, the geographical position is determined using coordinates. Geographical location is distinguished by... ... Big Encyclopedic Dictionary

    geographical position- Characteristics of the location of an object on the earth’s surface relative to other geographical objects and countries of the world... Dictionary of Geography

    The position of a geographical object on the surface of the Earth within a given coordinate system and in relation to any external data that has a direct or indirect impact on this object. Upon specific study... ... Geographical encyclopedia

    The position of any point or area of ​​the earth's surface in relation to territories or objects located outside this point or area. In mathematical geography, geographic location means the latitude and longitude of given points or areas, in... ... Great Soviet Encyclopedia

    Position k.l. point or other object on the earth's surface in relation to another territory. or objects; relative to the surface of the Earth, the geometric area is determined using coordinates. A distinction is made between civil rights in relation to natural objects and to economic ones. geogr... ... Natural science. encyclopedic Dictionary

    - ... Wikipedia

    - ... Wikipedia

    - (EGP) is the relationship of an object of a city, region, country to external objects that have one or another economic significance, no matter whether these objects are of a natural order or created in the process of history (according to N.N. Baransky). In other words... ... Wikipedia

    The position of a region or country relative to other objects of economic importance to it. E. g. p. category is historical, may change in connection with the construction of the railway. or a power plant, the beginning of the development of a useful deposit... ... Geographical encyclopedia

    The position of a deposit, enterprise, city, district, country or other economic and geographical object in relation to other economic and geographical objects that have economic significance for it. The assessment of the EGP of an object depends on its position... Financial Dictionary

Books

  • Essays on the history of geographical discoveries, Magidovich I.. The purpose of the proposed book is to show how, as a result of many hundreds of journeys, from antiquity to the mid-20th century, the modern (as of 1956) idea of ​​a physical map...
  • Geographical location and territorial structures. In memory of I. M. Maergoiz, . The collection is dedicated to the memory of the outstanding Soviet economic geographer Isaac Moiseevich Maergoiz. The collection received its name - GEOGRAPHICAL POSITION AND TERRITORIAL STRUCTURES - from two...

Natural-geographical (physical-geographical) position - this is a position relative to natural objects: continents, oceans and seas, large mountain systems, borders.


Russia is the largest state in the world, is washed by the waters of three oceans: the Arctic - in the north, the Atlantic - in the west. Quiet - in the east and has the longest coastline among the states of the world, and also has access to 12 seas and 1 sea-Lake Caspian.

The territory of Russia covers an area of ​​about 17.1 million square kilometers. Russia is located on the Eurasian continent. It occupies both the eastern and western parts of the continent. Mostly the territory of our country is located in the northern and northeastern regions of the mainland. About 30% of the territory of the Russian Federation is located in Europe, and about 70% is in Asia.

Our country is located in the Northern Hemisphere, in two parts of the world, in eastern Europe and northern Asia, i.e. occupies the northeastern part of the Eurasian continent.

The border between Europe and Asia runs along the eastern foot of the Ural Mountains, further to the Caspian Sea along the Ural (Emba) River, from the Caspian Sea to the Azov Sea along the Kuma-Manych Depression and the Kerch Strait.

It should be emphasized that the peculiarities of the natural and geographical position of Russia largely adversely affect the life and activities of its population.

In the north, the maritime borders of the Russian Federation are located along the seas belonging to the Arctic Ocean. In total, there are five seas in the north: Barents, Kara, Laptev, East Siberian and Chukotka.


The movement of ships across the expanses of these seas is difficult due to drifting ice, which is present in the Arctic seas all year round. The territory located from the northern coast of our country to the North Pole is our sector of the Arctic. Within this space, all islands (with the exception of a few islands of the Spitsbergen archipelago) belong to the Russian Federation.

In the eastern part of Russia, the borders are located along the waters of the Pacific Ocean and the seas of the Pacific basin. Japan and the USA are two states located very close to the maritime Far Eastern border of Russia. Russia is separated from the territories of Japan by the La Perouse Strait. It is located in the Sea of ​​Japan between Sakhalin Island and Hokkaido Island. In the west, the maritime border is located in the waters of the Baltic Sea.

Through these expanses of water, Russia is connected with a number of European countries: Sweden, Poland, Germany and the Baltic states. The fact that maritime transport in the Baltic Sea is well developed contributes to the establishment of strong economic relations. The southwestern maritime border of Russia is located in the waters of the Azov, Caspian and Black Seas. These water boundaries separate Russia from Ukraine, Georgia, Bulgaria, Turkey and Romania.

Thanks to the Black Sea, Russia has access to the Mediterranean Sea. Along with long maritime borders, Russia has a fairly large land border. The land border separates Russia from 14 countries and extends for 1605 km. 990 km of the border falls on the Baltic countries, and 615 km on Azerbaijan and Georgia. Russia has land borders with China, Mongolia, Kazakhstan, Azerbaijan, Georgia, Ukraine, Belarus, Lithuania, Latvia, Estonia, Poland, Finland, Norway and the Democratic People's Republic of Korea.

There are outposts and customs offices along the border line. After the collapse of the USSR, the length of the border with Poland decreased. Currently, only the Kaliningrad region is connected with this Western European country. There have also been changes in the border with China; it has halved.

Any of the elements of the physical-geographical position (position in relation to the prime meridian, equator, sea, altitude above sea level, position in the composition of climatic, soil-vegetative and other zones, etc.) remains almost forever unchanged, and therefore their role in a possible change in the physical-geographical position of any area is absolutely passive.

Mathematical and geographical position of Russia


Mathematical-geographical location allows you to estimate the position of an object in the system of coordinates and reference points of the planet, i.e. in relation to the elements of the degree grid (to the equator and the Greenwich meridian), to the poles of the Earth, to the extreme geographical points.

Relative to the equator, Russia is located in the northern hemisphere; relative to the prime meridian, most of it is in the eastern hemisphere, and only the extreme eastern island point has western coordinates.

In the north, the extreme continental point of the country is Cape Chelyuskin, located on the Taimyr Peninsula. The extreme point of the island is Cape Fligeli, located on Rudolf Island in the Franz Josef Archipelago. The southern border of the continent is a point located on the crest of the main Caucasus ridge. This section is the border between Dagestan and Azerbaijan.

In the west, the boundary point is the Sand Spit of the Gulf of Gdansk, located in the waters of the Baltic Sea, not far from Kaliningrad. In the east, the extreme point related to the mainland is Cape Dezhnev. This cape is located in Chukotka. The most extreme point related to the islands is located on Ratmanov Island. This island is located in the Bering Sea, near the American border.

The territory of Russia has a large extent from west to east. As a result, there is a large time difference. Russia has 9 time zones. The division into time zones occurs differently depending on the size of the locality. The boundaries of time zones of seas and areas with low population density are determined by meridians.

In areas with high population density, these boundaries are determined by the administrative subjects of the federation. The borders of the Russian Federation extend over 58 thousand km, of which 40 thousand belong to maritime borders. The water boundary is located at a distance of 22.7 km from land.

In sea waters extending 370 km from the coast, there is a maritime economic zone of Russia. The presence of courts of all states is allowed here, but only our country has the right to extract various natural resources. The Russian Federation belongs to a number of world maritime powers. The maritime borders of our country lie along the water basins of three oceans.

The natural and economic region of Central Russia is called so not by location, but for historical reasons. The Russian centralized state was born here and the capital of Russia, Moscow, is located here.

Standard plan for characterizing the area

  1. Composition of the region.
  2. Physical and economic-geographical position of the region.
  3. Features of nature and natural resources of the region.
  4. History of the development of the territory and the formation of the economic complex.
  5. Population and labor resources.
  6. Farming.
  7. Territorial structure of settlement and economy.
  8. Main problems and prospects.

The area of ​​Central Russia is more than 900 thousand km² or 5% of the territory of Russia.

  1. The region includes three large subdistricts: Central, Central Chernozemny, Volgo-Vyatka.
  2. These are 19 regions (Bryansk, Vladimir, Ivanovo, Kaluga, Kostroma, Moscow, Oryol, Ryazan, Smolensk, Tver, Tula, Yaroslavl, as well as Kirov and Nizhny Novgorod, Belgorod, Voronezh, Kursk, Lipetsk, Tambov), 3 republics (Mari El , Mordovia and Chuvash Republic) and the city of Moscow.

Economic-geographical location- this is the position of an object in relation to other objects of economic importance.

1. First of all, let's consider the position of the region on the territory of the state. To do this, we will use the administrative map of Russia. The map shows that Central Russia is located in the west of the country and occupies a border position. Its western borders lie along the state border of Russia.

2. The economic environment of the region consists of: Ukraine and the Republic of Belarus, with which Central Russia borders in the west. In the northwest, northeast and south, Central Russia's neighbors are other economic regions. In the north and north-west there are the Northern and North-Western natural-economic regions, in the east the Volga and Ural regions, in the south the North Caucasus region.

3. Central Russia is well located in relation to the country’s large fuel, energy and raw material bases. On the territory of the Northern region there are large reserves of coal, oil, gas, iron ores, non-ferrous metal ores and apatites. The Volga region has large oil reserves, the Urals has ferrous and non-ferrous metal ores, salts, and natural gas; the North Caucasus region has reserves of tungsten-molybdenum and lead-zinc ores. Oil and gas deposits are located in the sedimentary rocks of the Ciscaucasia trough.

4. Central Russia also has a convenient transport and geographical location, that is, a position on transport routes connecting the territory with the main sources of raw materials, energy, food, and sales markets. The region is located at the intersection of major transport routes. These are oil pipelines, gas pipelines, railways and roads. The main waterway of Russia runs from north to south along the Volga River (Fig. 1).

Rice. 1. Single waterway

The only drawback is the lack of access to the sea.

5. The EGP of a territory changes over time. This is mainly due to economic changes that are taking place in neighboring territories. Over time, EGP may improve or worsen.

Having examined the EGP of Central Russia, we will draw a conclusion. The EGP of the region is beneficial and contributes to the economic development of the region, since the region occupies a central position, the capital of Russia is located on its territory, it has good transport connectivity, and the territories neighboring the region have large reserves of natural resources.

Central Russia is located in the center of the East European Plain, so flat terrain prevails here. Lowlands alternate with hills.

The climate is temperate, temperate continental with relatively mild winters and warm summers. The amount of precipitation is from 400 to 600 mm, the average temperatures in January are -10°... -12°, in July - +17°...+18°.

Very cold winters are typical only for the Volga-Vyatka region (Fig. 2); droughts often occur in the southeast of the region, and the northeastern part of the region is waterlogged and swampy.

Rice. 2. Winter

The richest soils, chernozem soils (Fig. 3), are located in the Central Chernozem region, but in most of the region soddy-podzolic soils predominate, and gray forest soils are often found. These types of soils have fairly high fertility and, in combination with the climate, create conditions for the development of agriculture.

Rice. 3. Chernozem soils

Most of the region is in the mixed forest zone, with broad-leaved forests and forest-steppes in the south, and taiga in the northeast.

But the availability of forest resources, especially per capita, is low.

Central Russia is not rich in mineral resources. The northeastern part is part of the Volga-Ural oil and gas basin, but production volumes here are insignificant. The main resources of the region are concentrated in the Central Black Earth region: KMA iron ore reserves (60% of Russia's iron ore raw materials) and very large deposits of limestone and raw materials for cement production. The region has deposits of brown coal, peat, phosphorites, and mineral and construction raw materials. But most of the raw materials needed by the region are imported from other states and regions of the country.

The region's recreational resources are diverse, but not yet fully developed.

The main types of recreational activities in the region include:

  • Excursions and tourism
  • Spa treatment
  • Organization of recreational areas for the population

In Central Russia there are 12 state nature reserves, 2 biosphere reserves (Central Black Earth and Voronezh), 9 national parks. Here conditions are created for the preservation of natural landscapes (Fig. 4).

Rice. 4. Voronezh Nature Reserve: muskrat

The long history of the Russian state is captured in numerous cultural and historical monuments. A number of cultural and historical sites are included in the list of world natural and cultural heritage sites: Red Square and the Moscow Kremlin, monuments of the Vladimir-Suzdal land (Fig. 5). Many cities combine historical, cultural and natural landscape attractions.

Rice. 5. Suzdal

Bibliography

Main

  1. Customs E.A. Geography of Russia: economy and regions: 9th grade, textbook for students of general education institutions. - M.: Ventana-Graf, 2011.
  2. Fromberg A.E. Economic and social geography. - 2011, 416 p.
  3. Atlas of economic geography, grade 9. - Bustard, 2012.
  4. Geography. The entire school curriculum in diagrams and tables. - 2007, 127 p.
  5. Geography. School Student's Handbook. Comp. Mayorova T.A. - 1996, 576 p.
  6. Cheat sheet on economic geography. Schoolchildren, applicants. - 2003, 96 p.

Additional

  1. Gladky Yu.N., Dobroskok V.A., Semenov S.P. Economic geography of Russia: Textbook - M.: Gardariki, 2000 - 752 pp.: ill.
  2. Rodionova I.A., Textbook on geography. Economic geography of Russia. - M.: Moscow Lyceum, 2001. - 189 p.
  3. Smetanin S.I., Konotopov M.V. History of ferrous metallurgy in Russia. - M.: “Paleotype”, 2002.
  4. Economic and social geography of Russia: Textbook for universities/Ed. prof. A.T. Khrushchev. - M.: Bustard, 2001. - 672 p.: ill., map.: color. on

Encyclopedias, dictionaries, reference books and statistical collections

  1. Geography of Russia. Encyclopedic Dictionary/Ch. ed. A.P. Gorkin. - M.: Bol. Ross. enc., 1998. - 800 pp.: ill., maps.
  2. Russian statistical yearbook. 2011: Statistical collection/Goskomstat of Russia. - M., 2002. - 690 p.
  3. Russia in numbers. 2011: Brief statistical collection/Goskomstat of Russia. - M., 2003. - 398 p.

Literature for preparing for the State Exam and the Unified State Exam

  1. GIA-2013. Geography: standard exam options: 10 options / Ed. EM. Ambartsumova. - M.: “National Education”, 2012. - (GIA-2013. FIPI - school)
  2. GIA-2013. Geography: thematic and standard exam options: 25 options / Ed. EM. Ambartsumova. - M.: “National Education”, 2012. - (GIA-2013. FIPI - school)
  3. GIA-2013. Exam in a new form. Geography. 9th grade/FIPI authors-compilers: E.M. Ambartsumova, S.E. Dyukova. - M.: Astrel, 2012.
  4. Excellent student in the Unified State Exam. Geography. Solving complex problems/FIPI authors-compilers: Ambartsumova E.M., Dyukova S.E., Pyatunin V.B. - M.: Intellect-Center, 2012.

Electronic educational resources

  1. Educational multimedia manual 1 C Educational collection Geography of Russia. Economy and regions 9th grade
  2. Multimedia educational manual “Geography lessons from Cyril and Methodius. 8th and 9th grade"
  1. Russian Geographical Society ().
  2. Wildlife of Russia. Caucasus ().
  3. Wildlife of Russia. Ural ().
  4. Wildlife of Russia. Pristine valleys ().
  1. I. Epishin In the upper reaches of the Volga (N4/2012)
  2. E. Chervyakova In the Volga delta (N3/2011)